Pair category repair (#550) and saved instructions + dialog picker (#431) (#590)

* feat(maintenance): repair old Pair prompts' empty category and tags (#550)

Squashed from PR #579. Closes #550.

* feat(tagging): saved instructions with a default per engine (#431)

Squashed from PR #587.

* feat(tagging): pick saved instructions in the tagging dialogs (#431)

Squashed from PR #588. Closes #431.

TESTING.md

@@ -349,9 +349,12 @@ and the time left. The steps, in order:
    observer join get what is left, which can be 0 s. `stop()` joins watchdog's
    emitters without a limit, so it runs on a daemon thread and is waited for
    only until the deadline; a later stop waits for that same call (#561).
-3. `close_auto_thumbnails(final=True)` stops the preview worker (30 s) and
-   kills ffmpeg.
-4. `PromptTracker.shutdown` stops the prompt cleanup thread (2 s).
+3. `close_auto_thumbnails(final=True)` stops the preview worker (30 s),
+   kills ffmpeg and shuts the interactive image pool down.
+4. `shutdown_job_pool` (`utils/parallel.py`) cancels the long-lived job pool's
+   queued items and joins its threads (5 s; part `workers`, only when a job
+   used the pool, #523).
+5. `PromptTracker.shutdown` stops the prompt cleanup thread (2 s).
 
 A failing step, or a second Ctrl+C, is logged with its traceback and does not
 skip the later steps. A clean run logs one INFO line to PromptManager's log:
@@ -456,6 +459,38 @@ A hot SQLite read that returns many rows aggregates them into one step
 (`json_group_array`) instead of stepping once per row, so it does not wait for
 the GIL once per row while ComfyUI generates (#354, `get_image_link_matches`).
 
+A metadata read never decodes pixels (#523). Pillow's `PngImageFile.text` loads
+every pixel to reach text chunks after IDAT; the scan (`_extract_comfyui_metadata`)
+and the image monitor (`ComfyUIMetadataExtractor.extract_metadata`) read PNG text
+through `utils/png_text.py`, which runs Pillow's own chunk handlers after the
+first IDAT and seeks over pixel data. The legacy `.text` read is the floor:
+`tests/test_png_text.py` compares both readers on every image under
+`tests/fixtures`, a curated corpus (text after IDAT, zTXt, iTXt, split IDAT, bad
+checksums, truncations, oversized text, APNG) and a seeded fuzz, and asserts that
+neither reader decodes pixels by patching `ImageFile.load`. The only reads that
+differ are files whose pixel data is undecodable or cut short: legacy found
+nothing, the walk keeps the text before the pixels. Animated PNGs still use
+`.text`.
+
+Image work runs on PromptManager's own threads (#523). glibc keeps each thread's
+malloc arena at its high-water mark, so image buffers spread over the default
+executor's threads stay resident. Interactive image work (view previews behind their
+gate, workspace card facts, both inspector routes) runs on the API's fixed
+`pm-image` pool (`IMAGE_POOL_SIZE` 3, `_run_image`, `_map_image`; card facts already
+cached answer without a trip; while the gate's 3 preview writes hold every thread, a
+card or inspector read waits for one of them, by design of the merged pool; after the
+package teardown the pool is not recreated and late calls use the default executor). Jobs (scan metadata and file facts, thumbnail and
+convert jobs, the legacy gallery generation, capture previews) run through
+`map_parallel` on one long-lived `pm-worker` pool of Worker threads, reused between
+jobs; a new Worker threads value replaces it (the teardown also joins a replaced pool
+still finishing), and a call made from a job thread runs inline. After a scan, thumbnail or convert job, or the legacy gallery generation,
+`release_free_memory` (`utils/native_memory.py`) calls glibc's `malloc_trim(0)` once;
+it does nothing on Windows, macOS and musl and never raises. No allocator setting
+changes. `tests/test_image_pools.py` asserts the thread of each read and write and the
+trim; `tests/test_utils_parallel.py` the pool's reuse, resize, nesting and shutdown.
+`tools/perf/memory_drive.py` (manual, Linux, never in CI) measures RSS, heap, threads
+and arenas under the #523 load against the disposable browser test server.
+
 The `perf budget` job in `.github/workflows/test.yml` is the reference
 measurement: `ubuntu-latest`, one Python, no coverage, only the wall-clock tests.
 It runs on every push to `main` and on `workflow_dispatch`, never on pull
@@ -1851,7 +1886,8 @@ Inspect plan keeps D60–D66 (plan D60 → D83, D61 → D84, D65 → D88, D68
   engines in the mock's order with legacy labels and sizes (`WD14 SwinV2 · ~400
   MB`, `WD14 ViT · ~400 MB`, `GGUF JoyCaption (Recommended) · ~4.5 GB` in the
   mock's Ollama slot, `HuggingFace JoyCaption · ~16 GB`); the instructions start
-  from the server's `default_prompt`.
+  from the chosen engine's default saved instructions (#431, D204; before, the
+  server's `default_prompt`).
 - **D91** (plan D68, ruling T3-bulk): a **Suggestions** number field (1–100) for
   every model, prefilled from `autotag.defaults.suggestion_limit` (10); a model
   change keeps it.
@@ -2943,7 +2979,8 @@ change: ComfyUI needs a restart.
 A Pair save, by a run or the node's Save pair button, writes the category and tags to the positive prompt only when that
 save creates the prompt row (maintainer ruling). An existing prompt never changes on a run: empty, cleared or set by a person, including one first seen as
 another pair's negative. The negative stays empty, the saved pair keeps its own metadata, and `save_prompt_pair` writes
-no prompt metadata unless called with `fill_new_positive`. No backfill; optional repair is #550.
+no prompt metadata unless called with `fill_new_positive`. No backfill on a run; the opt-in repair for prompts older
+Pair runs saved is System › Maintenance › "Pair category and tags" (#550, "Pair category and tags repair" below).
 Tests: `tests/test_prompt_pair_node.py`, `tests/test_api_pairs.py`, `tests/comfyui/pair-node.spec.mjs`. A Python change: ComfyUI needs a restart.
 
 ### Delete… on the archived shelf (#492)
@@ -3858,8 +3895,8 @@ workspace never asks; previews are a cache the server keeps:
 - `GET /images/serve/thumbnails/<rel>_thumb<ext>` for a missing preview is refused as
   text first (traversal, a backslash, a drive or stream colon, empty or dot segments, so
   `D:/x`, `\\server\share` and a leading `/` never reach a joined path), then admitted
-  on the event loop (`_PreviewGate`): 3 previews are written at once on the API's own
-  `pm-preview` pool (never the default executor), one flight runs per file (the history
+  on the event loop (`_PreviewGate`): 3 previews are written at once on the API's
+  interactive `pm-image` pool (never the default executor; #523), one flight runs per file (the history
   route shares the flight key and the admission), and at most 64 requests wait; one
   more gets its fallback at once without listing a folder. Inside the admission the
   preview maps back to its media file under the same root (exact names, then one folder
@@ -3892,7 +3929,7 @@ workspace never asks; previews are a cache the server keeps:
   `exclusive` job runs (`_auto_thumbnail_blocker`), checked when a write starts (after
   its slot) and again just before its rename.
 - Shutdown is bounded and logged: the worker stops at a file boundary, ffmpeg is
-  killed, an idle worker leaves (the next output starts a fresh one), the view pool
+  killed, an idle worker leaves (the next output starts a fresh one), the image pool
   shuts down, and after the app's cleanup a late monitor event
   starts nothing. A package reload stops the workers the previous import left.
 - Cards and strips load previews only: Images in every layout and size, Library cards,
@@ -4272,6 +4309,12 @@ the per-section hand-off panel, was retired by S12 (#329): every section is nati
   primary stays the concept's plain button; the plan it opens has the primary.
   `duplicates dialog matches the concept` and `duplicates comparison detects mutations`
   (system-maintenance-concept.spec) pin the mapping.
+- **D192** (Maintenance, #550, beyond the concept): Database adds "Pair category and
+  tags" after "Unused prompt components", a plain Review plan row (no danger mark: it
+  deletes nothing) with the line "Fill an empty category or tags on prompts older Pair
+  node runs saved, from their saved pairs. Only empty fields of never-edited prompts."
+  `system-maintenance-concept.spec.mjs` maps it (`mapPairRow`) as a copy of Optimize
+  database's row.
 - **D102** (Maintenance, S7, Q5, #222): Metadata cache clears only the browser entries
   Prompt Manager owns as a cache (`web/js/cache-ownership.js`). The inventory of every
   storage writer has none (see "Browser cache ownership" below), so the row's line adds
@@ -4369,6 +4412,23 @@ the per-section hand-off panel, was retired by S12 (#329): every section is nati
   choice. The host's checks still refuse a linked field or a changed workflow, and the
   sender also refuses if the destination's `revision` (node object plus graph version)
   moved since discovery; it is undefined on an older tab, which skips the comparison. A host error reads as a refusal, not "may have applied".
+- **D191** (#542, beyond the concept; maintainer 2026-10-31, Q542-1 A to 5 A): a window with two or more
+  eligible nodes adds a last Destination node option "All N eligible nodes" (`ALL_NODES` in
+  `prompt-sender.mjs`), never selected for you (D173). Eligible is D173's filter; the nodes it leaves out
+  stay counted in the discovery sentence. One window only. Preview stays optional (D175): Preview changes
+  shows one `section.prompt-sender-node` per node, headed "#<id> <title>", in send order (node id,
+  numeric). Apply previews every node first and writes nothing if any refuses ("#<id> <title>: <reason>
+  Nothing was sent."). Then it sends one node after another. Only the first node of a pass taken in that
+  click keeps its ticket; every other node, and every node of a held Preview (host tickets expire after
+  30 s), takes a fresh ticket that is refused unless its Before texts and composition equal the reviewed
+  ones. That fresh preview checks the discovered revision until something has been posted, and not after,
+  since our own write may move the graph version. Refusals are best effort: "Sent to 2 of 3 nodes in
+  <window>. #12 <title>: <host's refusal>."; Apply stays available and a retry sends to every node again
+  (rewriting the same text). A lost reply stops the run, names that node as unknown and lists the nodes
+  not sent. Closing the dialog stops after the current node. The review sections are labelled by their
+  `h4` node heading. Unit tests in `tests/js/prompt-sender.test.js`, a fake three-node host in
+  `tests/browser/prompt-inspector.spec.mjs`, real Classic and Nodes 2.0 widgets in
+  `tests/comfyui/prompt-sender.spec.mjs`.
 - **D106** (Integrations, S10, Q8): the send bridge always asks for the ComfyUI window
   and node, and the nodes always follow ComfyUI's own renderer, so "Default send
   destination" offers only "Ask each time" and "Host compatibility" only "Follow host
@@ -4554,9 +4614,9 @@ the per-section hand-off panel, was retired by S12 (#329): every section is nati
   engine and policy (read-only) and opens "Review tag output images" in the concept's
   record-changing review (its `maintenancePlan` shell): `h3` "Tag output images", the
   `dl.meta-grid` Model, Existing tags, Images, Already auto-tagged, Images to tag
-  ("about N"), Time, Settings ("General <g> · Character <c>" or "Template of N
-  characters", then " · up to L tags per image" with the preview's saved
-  `suggestion_limit`) and Backup, the estimate sentence ("Nothing is written until you
+  ("about N"), Time, Settings ("General <g> · Character <c>", then " · up to L tags
+  per image" with the preview's saved `suggestion_limit`; for a language model, since
+  D205, an "Instructions" row and "Up to L tags per image") and Backup, the estimate sentence ("Nothing is written until you
   start. The number to tag is an estimate: images changed since they were tagged are
   tagged again, and missing files are skipped. Activity reports what was tagged.") in the
   `p.small`, the D55 backup box and Cancel / "Start tagging", which starts the
@@ -4578,6 +4638,71 @@ the per-section hand-off panel, was retired by S12 (#329): every section is nati
   Cancel-only review matches the concept review shell` (system-tagging-concept.spec) and
   the batch tests of workspace-system-tagging.spec; the mutation check renames each grid
   label in turn.
+- **D202** (Auto-tagging, #431, beyond the concept): a "Skipped tags" block
+  (`.setting-block`, `data-setting="tag-skipped"`, `data-key="autotag_skipped_tags"`)
+  follows "Suggestions per image": the label and description in the concept's
+  setting-row tokens ("Suggested tags that contain one of these words are hidden.
+  Words are separated by spaces, _ or -; other characters such as ( ) belong to the
+  word."), an "Add a word or words" input (`#tag-skipped-input`) with Add (Enter adds
+  too), the entries as removable chips in the Tag image dialog's D83 chip markup (each
+  with its count, title "Hides N tags", or muted "none" with "Hides no known tag"), and
+  a `role="status"` preview line: "**Hides N tags from suggestions**: <up to 12>[ and K
+  more]. Tags already on images are not changed." ("Checked against library tags only;
+  no WD14 label list is downloaded." before the last sentence without a label list;
+  "No tags are skipped." for an empty list; "Checking…" while waiting; "The preview
+  could not be read." on failure). The client refuses an entry with "Enter a word.",
+  "No commas or line breaks.", "At most 50 characters.", "Already in the list." or "The
+  list is full (200)." under the input. The Tag image dialog's chip hint adds "N skipped
+  tags were not suggested." when the server hid any (the static mock's copy). Pinned by
+  the comparison's mapping (system-tagging-concept.spec: the block's tokens are the
+  concept row's), `skipped tags add, preview, remove, save and reload (D202)`, `skipped
+  tags preview checks library tags only …` (workspace-system-tagging.spec) and
+  `suggestions omit skipped tags and say how many were hidden` (workspace-tagging.spec).
+- **D203** (Auto-tagging, #431, beyond the concept): "Saved instructions" replaces the
+  concept's "LLM tag template" field (the mock's state 2): a `.setting-block`
+  (`data-setting="tag-instructions"`, `data-key="autotag_instructions"`) with the label,
+  "Instructions for the language-model engines. Built-in can’t be changed; duplicate it
+  to make your own. N of 20 saved · Built‑in is not counted.", a `role="listbox"` list
+  (Built-in first with a "Read-only" chip, then the saved entries; "Default for GGUF" /
+  "Default for HuggingFace" chips), "+ New" ("New instructions", "(2)" if taken),
+  "Duplicate" ("<name> copy"), "Delete" (`.danger`, disabled for Built-in), "At most 20
+  saved instructions." at the cap, and the editor beside the list (under it below 700px):
+  "Name" ("N of 60") and "Text" ("N of 4,000 characters"), read-only for Built-in with
+  "Built-in instructions can’t be changed. Duplicate them to make your own.", else the
+  entry's problem ("The name “X” is already used.", "The text must not be empty."…).
+  Then two concept select rows, "Default for GGUF JoyCaption" and "Default for
+  HuggingFace JoyCaption" ("The Tag image dialog and batches start from this.",
+  `data-key="autotag_default_instructions"`), and the note a deleted default leaves
+  ("GGUF now uses Built-in."; nothing is written until Save preferences). Pinned by the
+  comparison's mapping (system-tagging-concept.spec: the block in the concept row's
+  tokens, the two rows on the concept's select row) and `saved instructions: new, edit,
+  per-engine default, delete, save and reload (D203)`, `a refused instructions save names
+  the entry and highlights the block (D203)` (workspace-system-tagging.spec).
+- **D204** (Tag image and Auto-tag selected dialogs, #431, beyond the concept): for a
+  language-model engine a "Saved instructions" select (`#image-tag-instructions-pick`,
+  `#bulk-tag-instructions-pick`) sits above "Tagging instructions" (the mock's state 3),
+  on the concept's select field: Built-in, then the saved entries (`GET /autotag/models`
+  `instructions`, full text), the engine's default marked "<name> · default". It starts
+  at that default; a pick replaces the text. The text stays editable for the run: while
+  it differs from the picked entry the select shows a disabled "Edited for this run" and
+  a muted line under the textarea reads "Edits apply to this run only. Manage saved
+  instructions in System › Auto-tagging." Choosing an entry again replaces the edit.
+  Switching between GGUF and HF starts from the new engine's default and drops an edit;
+  WD14 hides both. A preset (Preview tagging review, the bulk review) shows the entry
+  with its text, else "Edited for this run". When the read fails the select holds only
+  Built-in with the client's copy (`BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS`, pinned equal to
+  `DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE` by workspace-image-tagging-state.test). Request bodies are
+  unchanged (`options.instructions` is the textarea's text); there is no "Save as new".
+  The workspace no longer reads `default_prompt`. Pinned by the tagging comparison's
+  mapping (tagging-canonical-comparison.mjs: the select before the instructions),
+  `the saved instructions picker fills, edits one-off and resets per engine (D204)`
+  (workspace-tagging.spec) and `Auto-tag selected picks saved instructions and sends the
+  text shown (D204)` (workspace-tagging-bulk.spec).
+- **D205** (Auto-tagging, #431; amends D134): for a language-model engine the batch
+  review adds a read-only "Instructions" row with the drafted engine default's name
+  before "Settings", which reads "Up to L tags per image"; the batch and Preview tagging
+  review send that entry's text. WD14 is unchanged. Pinned by `the batch review names the
+  language model's default instructions (D205)` (workspace-system-tagging.spec).
 - **D158** (Sources, #247 D-Q4): the concept has no switch for prompts from workflows
   without a PromptManager node; the maintainer chose a visible switch over a config key.
   A `.setting-row` in the concept's toggle markup follows "Watch for new outputs":
@@ -4809,6 +4934,47 @@ replaced the database since the review; the plan is dropped). The job:
    prompt ids only), logs the backup by its file name, and prunes safety backups to the
    newest 10. With no backup the log and the status line say "No safety backup".
 
+#### Pair category and tags repair (#550)
+
+`pair_metadata` ("Pair category and tags", D192; `database/pair_metadata_repair.py`) fills
+the empty category and the empty tag set of prompts that Pair node runs before #546
+saved, from their saved pairs. It is reviewed and applied like the operations above and
+follows the safety backup policy like them (no forced backup). Rules
+(`docs/egm/post-3.4.1/550-design.md`):
+
+- Considered: prompts the Pair node created as a positive: their earliest pair (lowest
+  id, either role, archived included) has them as the positive and its `created_at` is
+  within 2 s of theirs. A prompt first saved by the PromptManager node, or first as a
+  negative, is out of scope and not counted.
+- Sources: the prompt's non-archived pairs where it is the positive; pairs with a blank
+  category or no tags are ignored for that field. Category values are trimmed and
+  case-sensitive, tag sets compared by tag id; a field fills when exactly one value is
+  left. A whitespace-only category counts as empty.
+- Kept, per field, in this order: archived prompt, edited prompt (`updated_at` not within
+  2 s of `created_at`; NULL or unreadable counts as edited), pairs that disagree, a tag
+  set over 20 tags. A prompt can fill one field and keep the other.
+- The plan lists protected rows first, then fills, then a "Record" row, within the 50
+  detail rows; at most 20,000 prompts per plan ("review again for the rest").
+- The fingerprint covers each considered prompt's computed result (values, tag ids and
+  names, source pair ids), never a pair's title, notes, rating, run count or use
+  stamps, so a Pair run between review and apply still applies.
+- The apply's writes are guarded (`category` still blank, no `prompt_tags` row) and a
+  guard that hits nothing rolls the whole transaction back as `plan-changed`. It never
+  writes `prompt_pairs`, `prompt_pair_tags`, `updated_at`, a tag or Library state.
+- The job lists 200 changed rows ("Prompt 12: category “night”; tags a, b"); its
+  Download report lists every one (`truncated: false`, `Job.record_counted(complete=True)`).
+  Protected lists one row per kept prompt in the review's wording and order ("Prompt 7:
+  kept, pairs disagree on category: Adult, asian"), also complete in the report.
+- Activity shows a row with no path as a record: its detail as plain text, never an open
+  or locate action, and the filter reads the detail. A maintenance job of records (every
+  operation but Missing-file links) says "No records in this group.", "No listed record
+  matches this filter." and "Filter records…" (`groupCopy`); file jobs keep "files".
+
+Tests: `tests/test_maintenance_pair_metadata.py`, `tests/test_api_maintenance_pair_metadata.py`,
+`tests/test_jobs.py`, `tests/js/workspace-system-maintenance.test.js`,
+`tests/browser/workspace-system-maintenance.spec.mjs` (hook `/__test__/system/pair-metadata`).
+A Python change: ComfyUI needs a restart.
+
 The legacy restore (`POST /prompt_manager/restore`) takes a backup of any size the disks
 have room for, so a real library's safety backup restores: the upload, its staged copy
 and the swap (the upload twice in the temporary folder, once more plus the current
@@ -5163,16 +5329,16 @@ server-side tagging configuration, `autotag.defaults` in config.json: `model_typ
 (`wd14-swinv2`, `wd14-vit`, `gguf`, `hf`), `existing` (`skip`, `merge`,
 `replace_after_review`), `general_threshold` and `character_threshold` (0–1 in
 steps of 0.05, #369),
-`template` (non-blank, at most 4,000 characters and 16 KiB) and `suggestion_limit`
-(1–100). They are host drafts (`autotag_model_type`, `autotag_existing`,
-`autotag_general_threshold`, `autotag_character_threshold`, `autotag_template`,
-`autotag_suggestion_limit`) saved by the one Save row through `POST
+`suggestion_limit` (1–100), and since #431 `skipped_tags`, `instructions` and
+`default_instructions` (below). They are host drafts (`autotag_model_type`, `autotag_existing`,
+`autotag_general_threshold`, `autotag_character_threshold`, `autotag_suggestion_limit`,
+`autotag_skipped_tags`, `autotag_instructions`, `autotag_default_instructions`) saved by the one Save row through `POST
 /prompt_manager/settings` with `expected_revision`; a bad value is refused with a 400
 naming the setting by its row label ("General-tag confidence must be between 0 and
 1."), nothing is written, the Save row shows that sentence (`invalid-setting`, set by
 `settingRefusal` in system.mjs only for a save that carried `autotag_*` keys; every
 other section's plain 400 keeps the generic status) and the control is highlighted.
-The template's limit counts code points, as Python's `len` does. A hand-edited bad value
+Instruction text limits count code points, as Python's `len` does. A hand-edited bad value
 falls back to its default on load, one key at a time. Every page shows the thresholds in
 steps of 0.05 (the System rows, the Tag image dialogs, the legacy sliders), so a saved
 threshold off that grid is refused ("General-tag confidence must be a multiple of
@@ -5183,8 +5349,70 @@ stored exactly on the grid (#369). A per-request threshold keeps its own check:
 `validate_options` and starts the `autotag` job titled "Tag output images (legacy page)";
 the legacy `/autotag/single` only requires a number. `GET /autotag/models` reports the
 saved values (`wd14_general_threshold`, `wd14_character_threshold`, `suggestion_limit`,
-`default_prompt`, `model_type`, `existing`), so the Tag image and Auto-tag selected
-dialogs start from them; a preset (the bulk review, Preview tagging review) wins.
+`default_prompt`, `model_type`, `existing`, and since #431 `instructions` and
+`default_instructions`), so the Tag image and Auto-tag selected dialogs start from them;
+a preset (the bulk review, Preview tagging review) wins.
+
+**Saved instructions** (#431, D203, D205): `autotag.defaults.instructions` holds the
+saved entries `[{id, name, text}]` in order (at most 20; `id` 12 lowercase hex made by
+the client, unique, `builtin` reserved; `name` trimmed, 1–60 characters, no control
+character, unique case-folded, not "Built-in"; `text` as `validate_template`), and
+`autotag.defaults.default_instructions` is `{gguf, hf}`, each `builtin` or a saved id.
+Built-in (`{id: "builtin", name: "Built-in", text: DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE}`) is never
+stored; readers put it first (`AutotagConfig.all_instructions`), so a later release's
+built-in text reaches everyone who uses it. Refusals (400, the Save row shows them and
+highlights the editor): "Saved instructions: at most 20 entries besides Built-in.",
+"Saved instructions: entry N has an invalid id.", "… repeats the id of entry M.", "…
+needs a name.", "… name must be at most 60 characters.", "… name must not contain a line
+break.", "… name “X” is already used.", "Saved instructions: the name “Built-in” is
+reserved.", "Saved instructions: entry N text must be …", "Default for GGUF JoyCaption
+must be one of the saved instructions." (and HuggingFace). A save carrying either key
+without `expected_revision` is refused ("Reload the page and try again."); a save
+carrying one is paired with the other from the running configuration and both are
+written, plus the old `template` key as the GGUF default's text (deleted when that
+default is Built-in), so an older build reads that default as its one template. `POST`
+with `autotag_template` is refused ("LLM tag template was replaced by Saved instructions.
+Reload the page."); `GET` keeps returning it (the GGUF default's text, read-only) for one
+release and adds `autotag_builtin_instructions` (Built-in's text, read-only). Load: each
+key alone (a damaged list → Built-in only, a default naming nothing → Built-in, each with
+one warning), then the in-memory migration of the old `template`: with no `instructions`
+key, a template other than Built-in becomes "Custom template" (id = first 12 hex of its
+SHA-256), the default of both engines unless `default_instructions` is stored; with the
+key, a template matching no entry (edited on an older build) is appended as "Custom
+template (n)" with one INFO line (a full list: one WARNING, nothing imported). Nothing is
+written at load; the next save that carries either key writes the list.
+`AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text(engine)` feeds the legacy batch and single
+blank-prompt fallbacks (by the request's engine) and `default_prompt`. Tests:
+`tests/test_saved_instructions.py`, `tests/test_saved_instructions_routes.py`,
+`tests/js/workspace-system-instructions.test.js`.
+
+**Skipped tags** (#431, D202): `autotag.defaults.skipped_tags`, host draft
+`autotag_skipped_tags`, a list of at most 200 entries, each trimmed, 1–50 code points,
+no comma or control character, at least one word, no two with the same words (refused
+with "Skipped tags: at most 200 entries.", "Skipped tags: entry N is empty.", "… must be
+at most 50 characters.", "… must not contain a comma or a line break.", "… repeats entry
+M."); a save carrying it without `expected_revision` is refused ("Reload the page and try
+again."). A damaged saved list falls back to none with one warning. Words are the
+NFC, case-folded text split on runs of space, `_` and `-` (`tag_words`); an entry hides
+a suggested tag whose words contain the entry's words consecutively (`SkipMatcher`:
+`blurry` hides `very_blurry` and `blurry_background`, not `unblurry`; `(fate)` hides
+`saber_(fate)`, `fate` does not). `generate_tag_suggestions(skip=)` drops a match after
+the name check and before the dedupe and the limit, so skipped tags use up no slot
+(WD14 fills from lower scores; a language model may return fewer). Every path filters:
+`/image-annotations/suggest` (compiled per request; the answer adds `skipped`, the
+number of distinct names it hid), `/autotag/single`, and the `image-tags` (Auto-tag
+selected) and `autotag` (System batch, legacy `/autotag/start`) jobs, which snapshot the
+list at their start and log "Skipped tags: N entries" or "Skipped tags: none"; a save
+during a run does not change it. Hand-typed and stored tags are never filtered; the
+language models' hard-coded exclude list (`_parse_tags`) runs first. `POST
+/prompt_manager/autotag/skipped-tags/preview {entries}` (validated as a save) answers
+`count`, `sample` (12, library tags first, each part sorted case-folded),
+`sample_limit`, `per_entry [{entry, count}]` and `sources {library, wd14}` over the
+library's tags plus the category 0/4 names of each downloaded WD14 `selected_tags.csv`
+(read as UTF-8, cached by mtime and size; a missing list is skipped). It loads no model,
+opens no image, writes nothing and is `409 busy` while an exclusive job runs. Tests:
+`tests/test_skipped_tags.py`, `tests/test_skipped_tags_routes.py`, the settings and
+config tests, `tests/js/workspace-system-skipped-tags.test.js`.
 
 `GET /prompt_manager/autotag/models` reads the disk in the executor, never loads or
 downloads a model and carries no absolute path: per engine `name`, `label`,

__init__.py

@@ -280,11 +280,11 @@ def _teardown_logger():
 
 
 def _stop_background_work():
-    """Stop the image monitor, the preview worker and the prompt cleanup
-    thread against one TEARDOWN_SECONDS deadline, once.
+    """Stop the image monitor, the preview worker, the job worker threads
+    and the prompt cleanup thread against one TEARDOWN_SECONDS deadline, once.
 
-    Returns ``{"monitor", "thumbnails", "tracker"}`` booleans (True: it
-    stopped), leaving out parts that never started. Later calls return a
+    Returns ``{"monitor", "thumbnails", "workers", "tracker"}`` booleans
+    (True: it stopped), leaving out parts that never started. Later calls return a
     copy of the first result. A Ctrl+C inside a step is logged and the
     step is False; one between steps is re-raised after the result (parts
     not reached are False) is stored and the ``atexit`` entry removed.
@@ -298,11 +298,14 @@ def _stop_background_work():
             api,
             _global_prompt_tracker,
         )
+        from .utils import parallel
+
         # A part whose global is set has started; False until its step says
         # otherwise, so an interrupt between steps leaves an honest result.
         started = (
             ("monitor", monitor),
             ("thumbnails", thumbnails),
+            ("workers", parallel.job_pool_started() or None),
             ("tracker", tracker),
         )
         result = {name: False for name, part in started if part is not None}
@@ -345,6 +348,16 @@ def _stop_background_work():
                 result["thumbnails"] = _teardown_step(
                     "the preview worker", close_previews, logger
                 )
+            if "workers" in result:
+
+                def stop_workers():
+                    from .utils.parallel import JOB_POOL_JOIN_SECONDS
+
+                    return parallel.shutdown_job_pool(left(JOB_POOL_JOIN_SECONDS))
+
+                result["workers"] = _teardown_step(
+                    "the job worker threads", stop_workers, logger
+                )
             if tracker is not None:
 
                 def stop_tracker():

database/maintenance.py

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 
 Four operations, each the native owner of a legacy ``/maintenance`` one and
 built on the same queries, so a preview counts what the legacy cleanup would
-change:
+change (``workflow_storage`` and #550's ``pair_metadata``, which fills old
+Pair prompts' empty category and tags, live in their own modules):
 
 - ``duplicate_prompts``: prompts whose text is equal ignoring case and outer
   spaces (``DUPLICATE_PROMPTS_SQL``, legacy ``cleanup_duplicates``); each
@@ -60,6 +61,9 @@ MAINTENANCE_OPERATIONS = (
     "missing_links",
     # Applied as its own batched job (database/workflow_storage.py).
     "workflow_storage",
+    # #550: fill old Pair prompts' empty category and tags
+    # (database/pair_metadata_repair.py).
+    "pair_metadata",
 )
 MAX_DETAILS = 50  # detail rows a plan lists
 MAX_RESULT_ROWS = 200  # changed records an apply describes (the job lists 200)
@@ -533,6 +537,10 @@ class MaintenanceOperations:
                 lambda conn: (self._link_rows(conn), _mark_rows(conn)),
             )
             return self._plan_missing_links(rows, roots, _stale_marks(marks, roots))
+        if operation == "pair_metadata":
+            from .pair_metadata_repair import plan_pair_metadata
+
+            return _read_snapshot(self.model.db_path, plan_pair_metadata)
         reader = (
             self._plan_duplicate_prompts
             if operation == "duplicate_prompts"
@@ -800,7 +808,8 @@ class MaintenanceOperations:
         records changed and up to ``MAX_RESULT_ROWS`` descriptions of them
         (``{prompt_id[, kept_id]}`` or ``{image_path}``). ``marks`` are a
         missing-links plan's stale removal marks; that apply also returns
-        ``marks``, how many it forgot.
+        ``marks``, how many it forgot. ``pair_metadata`` returns every filled
+        prompt, uncapped (its job keeps the complete record, #550).
         """
         if operation not in MAINTENANCE_OPERATIONS or operation == "workflow_storage":
             raise ValueError(f"Unknown maintenance operation {operation!r}")
@@ -815,6 +824,10 @@ class MaintenanceOperations:
             "unused_components": self._apply_unused_components,
         }
         with self._pair_transaction() as conn:
+            if operation == "pair_metadata":
+                from .pair_metadata_repair import apply_pair_metadata
+
+                return apply_pair_metadata(conn, fingerprint, targets)
             if operation == "missing_links":
                 return self._apply_missing_links(
                     conn, fingerprint, targets, roots, list(marks)

database/pair_metadata_repair.py

@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+"""Pair category and tags repair (#550): the ``pair_metadata`` maintenance plan.
+
+Before #546 a Pair node run saved its category and tags on the saved pair
+only; the positive prompt it created stayed Uncategorized and untagged. This
+plan fills the **empty** category and the **empty** tag set of those prompts
+from their saved pairs (``docs/egm/post-3.4.1/550-design.md``):
+
+- Considered: prompts the Pair node created as a positive (their earliest
+  pair, in either role, has them as the positive and its ``created_at`` is
+  within ``PAIR_CREATED_TOLERANCE`` of theirs) whose category is blank
+  and/or that have no tags.
+- Sources: the prompt's non-archived pairs where it is the positive. Pairs
+  with a blank category or no tags are ignored for that field. A field fills
+  when exactly one value remains (category: trimmed, case-sensitive; tags:
+  the tag-id set).
+- Kept (protected), in this order: archived prompt, edited prompt
+  (``updated_at`` not within the tolerance of ``created_at``), pairs that
+  disagree, a tag set over ``MAX_LIBRARY_TAGS``.
+
+The apply runs in the caller's ``BEGIN IMMEDIATE`` transaction, recomputes
+the fingerprint, then writes guarded statements (the field must still be
+empty) that never touch a pair, a negative or ``updated_at``. A guard that
+hits nothing raises ``PlanChanged`` so the whole transaction rolls back.
+"""
+
+import datetime
+
+from . import maintenance as _maintenance
+from .library_commands import MAX_LIBRARY_TAGS
+from .maintenance import (
+    MAX_DETAILS,
+    MaintenanceDraft,
+    PlanChanged,
+    _excerpt,
+    _Fingerprint,
+    _marks,
+    _plural,
+)
+
+OPERATION = "pair_metadata"
+# Seconds: the Pair save stamps its new prompt and its pair with separate
+# utc_now_iso() calls in one transaction (microseconds apart).
+PAIR_CREATED_TOLERANCE = 2.0
+# Fill prompts one plan applies; the rest are applied by the next review.
+# Bounds the complete record a job keeps in memory (about 100 bytes a row).
+MAX_PLAN_FILLS = 20000
+DETAIL_VALUES = 3
+DETAIL_TAGS = 5
+MEDIA_LABEL = "No image file or saved pair is changed."
+EMPTY_LABEL = "No Pair prompts are missing a category or tags"
+RECORD_NOTE = (
+    "The job's report lists every filled field. Download it to keep it: "
+    "Activity forgets jobs after a restart."
+)
+# Protected classes in precedence order: (key, detail, reason one, many).
+EDITED_DETAIL = (
+    "Kept: edited after it was saved; its empty category or tags may be intentional"
+)
+PROTECTED = (
+    (
+        "archived",
+        "Kept: archived in the Library",
+        "archived in the Library",
+        "archived in the Library",
+    ),
+    (
+        "edited",
+        EDITED_DETAIL,
+        "edited after it was saved",
+        "edited after they were saved",
+    ),
+    ("conflict", None, "where pairs disagree", "where pairs disagree"),
+    (
+        "too-many-tags",
+        f"Kept: its pair has more than {MAX_LIBRARY_TAGS} tags",
+        f"whose pair has more than {MAX_LIBRARY_TAGS} tags",
+        f"whose pair has more than {MAX_LIBRARY_TAGS} tags",
+    ),
+)
+_PROTECTED_ORDER = [key for key, *_rest in PROTECTED]
+# Detail rows: what the user can act on (a conflict) first.
+DETAIL_ORDER = ("conflict", "edited", "archived", "too-many-tags")
+
+_CANDIDATES_SQL = """
+    SELECT p.id, p.hash, p.text, p.created_at, p.updated_at,
+           COALESCE(TRIM(p.category), '') = '' AS blank_category,
+           NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM prompt_tags pt WHERE pt.prompt_id = p.id)
+               AS untagged,
+           EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM prompt_archive pa WHERE pa.prompt_id = p.id)
+               AS archived,
+           (SELECT CASE WHEN pp.positive_prompt_id = p.id
+                        THEN pp.created_at END
+              FROM prompt_pairs pp
+             WHERE pp.positive_prompt_id = p.id OR pp.negative_prompt_id = p.id
+             ORDER BY pp.id LIMIT 1) AS first_pair_at
+      FROM prompts p
+     WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM prompt_pairs pp WHERE pp.positive_prompt_id = p.id)
+       AND (COALESCE(TRIM(p.category), '') = ''
+            OR NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM prompt_tags pt WHERE pt.prompt_id = p.id))
+     ORDER BY p.id
+"""
+_SOURCES_SQL = (
+    "SELECT id, positive_prompt_id, TRIM(COALESCE(category, '')) FROM prompt_pairs "
+    "WHERE archived = 0 AND positive_prompt_id IN ({marks}) ORDER BY id"
+)
+_PAIR_TAGS_SQL = (
+    "SELECT ppt.pair_id, t.id, t.name FROM prompt_pair_tags ppt "
+    "JOIN tags t ON t.id = ppt.tag_id WHERE ppt.pair_id IN ({marks}) "
+    "ORDER BY ppt.pair_id, t.id"
+)
+
+
+def parse_stamp(value):
+    """A stored timestamp as an aware UTC datetime, or None when unreadable."""
+    if not isinstance(value, str) or not value.strip():
+        return None
+    try:
+        stamp = datetime.datetime.fromisoformat(value.strip())
+    except ValueError:
+        return None
+    if stamp.tzinfo is None:
+        stamp = stamp.replace(tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)
+    return stamp
+
+
+def _close(first, second):
+    """Whether two stored stamps parse and lie within the tolerance."""
+    a, b = parse_stamp(first), parse_stamp(second)
+    if a is None or b is None:
+        return False
+    return abs((a - b).total_seconds()) <= PAIR_CREATED_TOLERANCE
+
+
+def _batches(ids):
+    size = _maintenance.ID_BATCH
+    for start in range(0, len(ids), size):
+        yield ids[start : start + size]
+
+
+def _sources(conn, ids):
+    """``{prompt_id: [(pair_id, category, ((tag_id, name), ...)), ...]}``."""
+    pairs = {}
+    for batch in _batches(ids):
+        for pair_id, prompt_id, category in conn.execute(
+            _SOURCES_SQL.format(marks=_marks(batch)), batch
+        ):
+            pairs.setdefault(prompt_id, []).append([pair_id, category, []])
+    by_pair = {pair[0]: pair for group in pairs.values() for pair in group}
+    pair_ids = sorted(by_pair)
+    for batch in _batches(pair_ids):
+        for pair_id, tag_id, name in conn.execute(
+            _PAIR_TAGS_SQL.format(marks=_marks(batch)), batch
+        ):
+            by_pair[pair_id][2].append((tag_id, name))
+    return {
+        prompt_id: [(pid, category, tuple(tags)) for pid, category, tags in group]
+        for prompt_id, group in pairs.items()
+    }
+
+
+def _field(values, guard):
+    """``(class, value)`` of one field from its distinct values, or None."""
+    if not values:
+        return None
+    if guard:
+        return (guard, None)
+    if len(values) > 1:
+        return ("conflict", sorted(values))
+    return ("fill", next(iter(values)))
+
+
+def _classify(row, sources):
+    """The result of one considered prompt, or None when nothing applies."""
+    guard = None
+    if row["archived"]:
+        guard = "archived"
+    elif not _close(row["updated_at"], row["created_at"]):
+        guard = "edited"
+    category = tags = None
+    tag_pair = None
+    if row["blank_category"]:
+        category = _field({c for _p, c, _t in sources if c}, guard)
+    if row["untagged"]:
+        sets = {}
+        for pair_id, _category, pair_tags in sources:
+            if pair_tags:
+                sets.setdefault(frozenset(pair_tags), pair_id)
+        tags = _field(set(sets), guard)
+        if tags and tags[0] == "fill":
+            tag_pair = sets[tags[1]]
+            if len(tags[1]) > MAX_LIBRARY_TAGS:
+                tags = ("too-many-tags", None)
+            else:
+                tags = ("fill", tuple(sorted(tags[1])))
+        elif tags and tags[0] == "conflict":
+            tags = ("conflict", [sorted(s) for s in sorted(sets, key=sorted)])
+    if category is None and tags is None:
+        return None
+    return {
+        "id": row["id"],
+        "hash": row["hash"],
+        "text": row["text"],
+        "category": category,
+        "tags": tags,
+        "tag_pair": tag_pair if tags and tags[0] == "fill" else None,
+        "pairs": [pair_id for pair_id, _c, _t in sources],
+    }
+
+
+def _state(conn):
+    """``(results, fingerprint)``: every considered prompt's result, by id."""
+    considered = []
+    for row in conn.execute(_CANDIDATES_SQL):
+        row = dict(
+            zip(
+                (
+                    "id",
+                    "hash",
+                    "text",
+                    "created_at",
+                    "updated_at",
+                    "blank_category",
+                    "untagged",
+                    "archived",
+                    "first_pair_at",
+                ),
+                tuple(row),
+            )
+        )
+        if _close(row["created_at"], row["first_pair_at"]):
+            considered.append(row)
+    sources = _sources(conn, [row["id"] for row in considered])
+    fingerprint = _Fingerprint(OPERATION)
+    results = []
+    for row in considered:
+        result = _classify(row, sources.get(row["id"], []))
+        if result is None:
+            continue
+        results.append(result)
+        fingerprint.add(
+            [
+                result["id"],
+                result["hash"],
+                result["category"],
+                result["tags"],
+                result["tag_pair"],
+                result["pairs"],
+            ]
+        )
+    return results, fingerprint.hexdigest()
+
+
+def _fills(result):
+    return (
+        bool(result["category"] and result["category"][0] == "fill"),
+        bool(result["tags"] and result["tags"][0] == "fill"),
+    )
+
+
+def _targets(results):
+    targets = []
+    for result in results:
+        category, tags = _fills(result)
+        if category or tags:
+            targets.append([result["id"], category, tags])
+    return targets[:MAX_PLAN_FILLS]
+
+
+def _protected_classes(result):
+    """The protected classes of a result's fields, in precedence order."""
+    found = {
+        field[0]
+        for field in (result["category"], result["tags"])
+        if field and field[0] != "fill"
+    }
+    return [key for key in _PROTECTED_ORDER if key in found]
+
+
+def _more(values, limit):
+    shown = ", ".join(values[:limit])
+    return shown + (", …" if len(values) > limit else "")
+
+
+def _fill_detail(result):
+    parts = []
+    category, tags = _fills(result)
+    if category:
+        parts.append(f"category “{result['category'][1]}”")
+    if tags:
+        names = sorted(name for _id, name in result["tags"][1])
+        noun = "tag" if len(names) == 1 else "tags"
+        parts.append(f"{len(names)} {noun}: {_more(names, DETAIL_TAGS)}")
+    pairs = [str(pair_id) for pair_id in result["pairs"]]
+    label = "pair" if len(pairs) == 1 else "pairs"
+    return f"Fills {' and '.join(parts)} ({label} {_more(pairs, DETAIL_VALUES)})"
+
+
+def _protected_detail(result, key):
+    if key != "conflict":
+        return next(detail for k, detail, *_r in PROTECTED if k == key)
+    if result["category"] and result["category"][0] == "conflict":
+        values = result["category"][1]
+        return f"Kept: pairs disagree on category: {_more(values, DETAIL_VALUES)}"
+    return "Kept: pairs disagree on tags"
+
+
+def _kept(results):
+    """One row per kept prompt, its review reasons without "Kept: " (#550)."""
+    rows = []
+    for result in results:
+        classes = set(_protected_classes(result))
+        if classes:
+            rows.append(
+                {
+                    "prompt_id": result["id"],
+                    "reasons": [
+                        _protected_detail(result, key).removeprefix("Kept: ")
+                        for key in DETAIL_ORDER
+                        if key in classes
+                    ],
+                }
+            )
+    return rows
+
+
+def _details(results, targets):
+    rows = []
+    for key in DETAIL_ORDER:
+        for result in results:
+            if key in _protected_classes(result):
+                rows.append(
+                    {
+                        "label": _excerpt(result["text"]),
+                        "detail": _protected_detail(result, key),
+                    }
+                )
+    planned = {target[0] for target in targets}
+    for result in results:
+        if result["id"] in planned:
+            rows.append(
+                {"label": _excerpt(result["text"]), "detail": _fill_detail(result)}
+            )
+    if not targets:
+        return rows[:MAX_DETAILS]
+    return rows[: MAX_DETAILS - 1] + [{"label": "Record", "detail": RECORD_NOTE}]
+
+
+def _scope_label(targets, total):
+    if not targets:
+        return EMPTY_LABEL
+    categories = sum(1 for _id, category, _tags in targets if category)
+    tag_sets = sum(1 for _id, _category, tags in targets if tags)
+    label = (
+        f"{_plural(len(targets), 'prompt')} to fill: "
+        f"{_plural(categories, 'category', 'categories')}, "
+        f"{_plural(tag_sets, 'tag set')}"
+    )
+    if total > len(targets):
+        label += (
+            f" (the first {len(targets):,} of {total:,}; review again for the rest)"
+        )
+    return label
+
+
+def plan_pair_metadata(conn):
+    """The reviewed ``pair_metadata`` plan on ``conn``'s snapshot."""
+    results, fingerprint = _state(conn)
+    targets = _targets(results)
+    total = sum(1 for result in results if any(_fills(result)))
+    counts = {key: 0 for key in _PROTECTED_ORDER}
+    held = 0
+    for result in results:
+        classes = _protected_classes(result)
+        held += bool(classes)
+        for key in classes:
+            counts[key] += 1
+    reasons = [
+        f"{counts[key]:,} {one if counts[key] == 1 else many}"
+        for key, _detail, one, many in PROTECTED
+        if counts[key]
+    ]
+    return MaintenanceDraft(
+        operation=OPERATION,
+        fingerprint=fingerprint,
+        targets=targets,
+        scope={"count": len(targets), "label": _scope_label(targets, total)},
+        protected={"count": held, "reasons": reasons},
+        media={"deletes_files": False, "label": MEDIA_LABEL},
+        details=_details(results, targets),
+    )
+
+
+def _fill_categories(conn, fills):
+    """Set each blank category; raises PlanChanged when one is no longer blank."""
+    cursor = conn.executemany(
+        "UPDATE prompts SET category = ? WHERE id = ? "
+        "AND COALESCE(TRIM(category), '') = ''",
+        fills,
+    )
+    if cursor.rowcount != len(fills):
+        raise PlanChanged(OPERATION)
+
+
+def _fill_tags(conn, fills, expected):
+    """Copy each source pair's tags onto its untagged prompt."""
+    cursor = conn.executemany(
+        "INSERT INTO prompt_tags(prompt_id, tag_id) "
+        "SELECT ?, ppt.tag_id FROM prompt_pair_tags ppt "
+        "JOIN tags t ON t.id = ppt.tag_id WHERE ppt.pair_id = ? "
+        "AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM prompt_tags WHERE prompt_id = ?)",
+        fills,
+    )
+    if cursor.rowcount != expected:
+        raise PlanChanged(OPERATION)
+
+
+def apply_pair_metadata(conn, fingerprint, targets):
+    """Apply the reviewed fills on ``conn`` (inside BEGIN IMMEDIATE).
+
+    Returns ``{changed, categories, tag_sets, rows, kept}``; ``rows`` lists
+    every filled prompt (``{prompt_id, category?, tags?}``) and ``kept`` every
+    prompt the plan keeps (``{prompt_id, reasons}``, in the review's wording
+    and order), both never capped.
+    """
+    results, current = _state(conn)
+    if current != fingerprint or _targets(results) != targets:
+        raise PlanChanged(OPERATION)
+    by_id = {result["id"]: result for result in results}
+    categories, tags, rows = [], [], []
+    tag_count = 0
+    for prompt_id, fill_category, fill_tags in targets:
+        result = by_id[prompt_id]
+        row = {"prompt_id": prompt_id}
+        if fill_category:
+            row["category"] = result["category"][1]
+            categories.append((row["category"], prompt_id))
+        if fill_tags:
+            row["tags"] = sorted(name for _id, name in result["tags"][1])
+            tags.append((prompt_id, result["tag_pair"], prompt_id))
+            tag_count += len(result["tags"][1])
+        rows.append(row)
+    if categories:
+        _fill_categories(conn, categories)
+    if tags:
+        _fill_tags(conn, tags, tag_count)
+    return {
+        "changed": len(rows),
+        "categories": len(categories),
+        "tag_sets": len(tags),
+        "rows": rows,
+        "kept": _kept(results),
+    }

py/api/__init__.py

@@ -85,6 +85,8 @@ try:
     from ...database.operations import PromptDatabase
     from ...utils.file_prompt import parse_comfyui_prompt
     from ...utils.logging_config import get_logger
+    from ...utils.native_memory import release_free_memory
+    from ...utils.png_text import png_text
     from ...utils.video_metadata import is_video_path, read_video_metadata
 except ImportError:
     import sys
@@ -95,6 +97,8 @@ except ImportError:
     from database.operations import PromptDatabase
     from utils.file_prompt import parse_comfyui_prompt
     from utils.logging_config import get_logger
+    from utils.native_memory import release_free_memory
+    from utils.png_text import png_text
     from utils.video_metadata import is_video_path, read_video_metadata
 
 
@@ -526,6 +530,14 @@ class PromptManagerAPI(
             return await loop.run_in_executor(None, call)
         return await loop.run_in_executor(None, func, *args)
 
+    async def _release_job_memory(self):
+        """After a scan or thumbnail job: glibc's free heap pages go back to
+        the OS once (``malloc_trim(0)``; nothing elsewhere, #523)."""
+        try:
+            await self._run_in_executor(release_free_memory)
+        except Exception:  # best effort: the job's result already stands
+            self.logger.debug("Releasing free memory failed", exc_info=True)
+
     def _root_listing(self, root) -> RootListing:
         """The shared listing record of one output root (created empty)."""
         return self._root_listings.setdefault(str(root), RootListing())
@@ -1048,6 +1060,8 @@ class PromptManagerAPI(
     def _extract_comfyui_metadata(self, image_path):
         """Embedded ComfyUI metadata of an image (PNG text chunks) or a video.
 
+        PNG text is read without decoding the pixels (``utils.png_text``, #523).
+
         Videos go through ffprobe (see utils/video_metadata). Unreadable files
         are a warning, not an error: a scan over a large output tree meets
         truncated and foreign files, and it carries on past them.
@@ -1056,7 +1070,7 @@ class PromptManagerAPI(
             return read_video_metadata(image_path)
         try:
             with Image.open(image_path) as img:
-                return dict(getattr(img, "text", None) or {})
+                return png_text(img)
         except Exception as e:
             self.logger.warning(
                 f"Unreadable image {os.path.basename(str(image_path))}: {e}"

py/api/admin.py

@@ -1454,6 +1454,7 @@ class AdminRoutesMixin:
             verb = "cancelled" if state == "cancelled" else "finished"
             job.log_line(f"Scan {verb} · {_plural(job.processed, 'file')} processed")
         job.finish(state)
+        await self._release_job_memory()
         if state == "finished":
             # After the scan, so the guarded thumbnail job is admitted (#249).
             await self._hand_off_scan_thumbnails(job, output_dirs)
@@ -1668,9 +1669,10 @@ class AdminRoutesMixin:
     def _extract_batch_metadata_sync(self, file_batch):
         """Extract metadata from a batch of files in one executor call.
 
-        Files are read on ``PromptManagerConfig.WORKER_THREADS`` threads:
-        Pillow decodes the whole image to reach trailing text chunks and
-        releases the GIL while doing so.
+        Files are read on the long-lived job pool of
+        ``PromptManagerConfig.WORKER_THREADS`` threads (#523).
+        PNG text is read chunk by chunk without decoding pixels (#523); file
+        reads and ffprobe release the GIL.
         """
         from ..config import PromptManagerConfig
 

py/api/annotation_suggest.py

@@ -102,11 +102,14 @@ def model_refusal(status: dict, model_type: str, model_name: str):
     return None
 
 
-def run_suggestions(service, capture_path: str, model_type: str, options: dict):
+def run_suggestions(
+    service, capture_path: str, model_type: str, options: dict, skip=None
+):
     """Blocking: load (or swap to) *model_type*, then suggest for the capture.
 
     The caller holds the model gate for the whole call; nothing is ever
-    downloaded (``load_model`` refuses a model that is not on disk).
+    downloaded (``load_model`` refuses a model that is not on disk). ``skip``
+    is the request's or job's compiled Skipped tags (#431).
     """
     if not service.is_model_loaded() or service.get_loaded_model_type() != model_type:
         service.load_model(model_type, options["use_gpu"])
@@ -116,6 +119,7 @@ def run_suggestions(service, capture_path: str, model_type: str, options: dict):
         prompt=options.get("instructions"),
         general_threshold=options.get("general_threshold"),
         character_threshold=options.get("character_threshold"),
+        skip=skip,
     )
 
 

py/api/annotations.py

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ from .media_target import media_target as _target
 from .images import _unavailable_link, _verified_title
 from .prompts import bad_request
 from .. import model_gate
+from ..tagging_defaults import SkipMatcher
 
 try:
     from ...database.annotations import (
@@ -640,6 +641,8 @@ class AnnotationRoutesMixin:
             owner = model_gate.new_owner("image-annotations")
             if not model_gate.try_acquire(owner):
                 return model_busy_response()
+            # #431: the Skipped tags as they are when the request is accepted.
+            skip = SkipMatcher(AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS).counting()
             try:
                 # From here the pin is the gate's to end: the worker ends it,
                 # or ``on_skipped`` does when the worker never starts.
@@ -653,6 +656,7 @@ class AnnotationRoutesMixin:
                     capture,
                     model_type,
                     options,
+                    skip,
                     on_skipped=functools.partial(store.release_use, token),
                 )
             except MissingBackendPackages as exc:
@@ -677,6 +681,8 @@ class AnnotationRoutesMixin:
                 "model_type": model_type,
                 "options": options,
                 "suggestions": suggestion_rows(pairs),
+                # How many distinct suggestions the Skipped tags hid (#431).
+                "skipped": len(skip.hidden),
             },
             headers={"Cache-Control": "no-store"},
         )
@@ -732,10 +738,10 @@ def _byte_range(request: web.Request, size: int):
     return start, stop
 
 
-def _pinned_suggestions(store, token, service, capture, model_type, options):
+def _pinned_suggestions(store, token, service, capture, model_type, options, skip=None):
     """Worker thread: infer on the capture, then end its pin (even on error)."""
     try:
-        return run_suggestions(service, capture.path, model_type, options)
+        return run_suggestions(service, capture.path, model_type, options, skip)
     finally:
         store.release_use(token)
 

py/api/autotag_routes.py

@@ -40,6 +40,12 @@ BATCH_PREVIEW_BODY_MAX = 1024
 APPLY_BODY_MAX = 64 * 1024  # POST /autotag/apply: one image and its tags
 _HEX64 = re.compile(r"[0-9a-f]{64}")
 BATCH_JOB_BODY_MAX = 32 * 1024
+# Skipped tags preview (#431): 200 entries of 50 characters, with room for JSON.
+SKIPPED_PREVIEW_BODY_MAX = 64 * 1024
+SKIPPED_PREVIEW_LEASE = "Skipped tags preview"
+SKIPPED_PREVIEW_SAMPLE = 12
+# WD14 label lists the preview found missing or unreadable (logged once each).
+_MISSING_LABEL_LISTS = set()
 REVIEW_REQUIRED = (
     "Replacing tags needs a review of each image. Use Preview tagging review, "
     "or choose Skip or Merge for a batch run."
@@ -72,6 +78,12 @@ MODEL_DOWNLOAD_BODY_MAX = 1024
 _download_titles = {}
 
 
+def _instruction_engine(model_type: str) -> str:
+    """The language-model engine whose default instructions ``model_type``
+    reads: itself, or GGUF for a WD14 engine (which takes none)."""
+    return model_type if model_type in ("gguf", "hf") else "gguf"
+
+
 def _holder_label(holder: Optional[str]) -> str:
     if not holder:
         return ANOTHER_OPERATION
@@ -247,6 +259,10 @@ class AutotagRoutesMixin:
         async def preview_autotag_batch_route(request):
             return await self.preview_autotag_batch(request)
 
+        @routes.post("/prompt_manager/autotag/skipped-tags/preview")
+        async def preview_skipped_tags_route(request):
+            return await self.preview_skipped_tags(request)
+
         @routes.post("/prompt_manager/autotag/start")
         async def start_autotag_route(request):
             return await self.start_autotag(request)
@@ -284,7 +300,15 @@ class AutotagRoutesMixin:
                     "success": True,
                     "models": public_models(status, loaded_type),
                     # The saved tagging defaults (#328, System › Auto-tagging).
-                    "default_prompt": AutotagConfig.TEMPLATE,
+                    # The saved engine's default instructions (GGUF for a
+                    # WD14 engine); kept one release for cached pages (#431).
+                    "default_prompt": AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text(
+                        _instruction_engine(AutotagConfig.MODEL_TYPE)
+                    ),
+                    # #431: Built-in first, with every text, and each
+                    # language-model engine's default.
+                    "instructions": AutotagConfig.all_instructions(),
+                    "default_instructions": dict(AutotagConfig.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS),
                     "model_loaded": loaded,
                     "loaded_model_type": loaded_type,
                     "wd14_general_threshold": AutotagConfig.GENERAL_THRESHOLD,
@@ -539,7 +563,10 @@ class AutotagRoutesMixin:
         else:
             prompt = params.get("prompt")
             template = prompt if isinstance(prompt, str) and prompt.strip() else None
-            options = {"instructions": template or AutotagConfig.TEMPLATE}
+            options = {
+                "instructions": template
+                or AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text(model_type)
+            }
         try:
             _model, options = validate_options(
                 model_type,
@@ -699,6 +726,86 @@ class AutotagRoutesMixin:
             return None, "existing must be one of " + ", ".join(EXISTING_POLICIES)
         return MODELS[model_type], None
 
+    async def preview_skipped_tags(self, request):
+        """Which known tags a Skipped tags list would hide (#431); no write.
+
+        ``{entries}`` is checked as a save checks it (the same 400 sentence).
+        The known tags are the library's plus the general and character names
+        of each downloaded WD14 label list; no model is loaded and no image is
+        opened. Refused (409 ``busy``) while an exclusive job runs.
+        """
+        from ..tagging_defaults import validate_skipped_tags
+
+        data, error = await self._batch_body(
+            request, ("entries",), SKIPPED_PREVIEW_BODY_MAX
+        )
+        if error is not None:
+            return error
+        try:
+            entries = validate_skipped_tags(data["entries"])
+        except ValueError as exc:
+            return web.json_response({"success": False, "error": str(exc)}, status=400)
+        try:
+            async with self._jobs.lease(SKIPPED_PREVIEW_LEASE):
+                result = await self._run_in_executor(self._skipped_preview, entries)
+        except JobBusy as busy:
+            return busy_response(busy)
+        except Exception:
+            self.logger.exception("The Skipped tags preview failed")
+            return web.json_response(
+                {"success": False, "error": _INTERNAL_ERROR}, status=500
+            )
+        return web.json_response({"success": True, **result})
+
+    def _skipped_preview(self, entries):
+        """Worker thread: the preview's counts over the known tags."""
+        from ..autotag import MODELS, get_autotag_service
+        from ..tagging_defaults import (
+            WD14_MODEL_TYPES,
+            SkipMatcher,
+            wd14_label_names,
+        )
+
+        library = self.db.get_all_tags()
+        known = {}  # case-folded -> (0 library / 1 label list, spelling)
+        for name in library:
+            known.setdefault(name.casefold(), (0, name))
+        lists = []
+        models_dir = getattr(get_autotag_service(), "models_dir", None)
+        for model_type in sorted(WD14_MODEL_TYPES, key=lambda t: MODELS[t]["name"]):
+            if models_dir is None:
+                break
+            path = Path(models_dir) / MODELS[model_type]["subdir"] / "selected_tags.csv"
+            try:
+                names = wd14_label_names(path)
+            except (OSError, ValueError) as exc:
+                if path not in _MISSING_LABEL_LISTS:  # logged once per list
+                    _MISSING_LABEL_LISTS.add(path)
+                    self.logger.debug(f"No WD14 label list for {model_type}: {exc}")
+                continue
+            _MISSING_LABEL_LISTS.discard(path)
+            lists.append(MODELS[model_type]["name"])
+            for name in names:
+                known.setdefault(name.casefold(), (1, name))
+        matchers = [(entry, SkipMatcher([entry])) for entry in entries]
+        whole = SkipMatcher(entries)
+        hidden = [item for item in known.values() if whole.matches(item[1])]
+        hidden.sort(key=lambda item: (item[0], item[1].casefold()))
+        per_entry = [
+            {
+                "entry": entry,
+                "count": sum(1 for _, name in hidden if matcher.matches(name)),
+            }
+            for entry, matcher in matchers
+        ]
+        return {
+            "count": len(hidden),
+            "sample": [name for _, name in hidden[:SKIPPED_PREVIEW_SAMPLE]],
+            "sample_limit": SKIPPED_PREVIEW_SAMPLE,
+            "per_entry": per_entry,
+            "sources": {"library": len(library), "wd14": lists},
+        }
+
     async def preview_autotag_batch(self, request):
         """Review Tag output images: counts, model, backup and disk; no write.
 
@@ -1002,7 +1109,10 @@ class AutotagRoutesMixin:
         else:
             prompt = data.get("prompt")
             template = prompt if isinstance(prompt, str) and prompt.strip() else None
-            options = {"instructions": template or AutotagConfig.TEMPLATE}
+            options = {
+                "instructions": template
+                or AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text(model_type)
+            }
         use_gpu = data.get("use_gpu", True)
         options["use_gpu"] = use_gpu if isinstance(use_gpu, bool) else True
         return validate_options(
@@ -1096,6 +1206,8 @@ class AutotagRoutesMixin:
 
     async def _suggest_single(self, target, model_type, options, base):
         from ..autotag import MODELS, MissingBackendPackages, get_autotag_service
+        from ..config import AutotagConfig
+        from ..tagging_defaults import SkipMatcher
         from .annotation_suggest import model_refusal
         from .annotations import _pinned_suggestions, _settled, _submit
 
@@ -1112,6 +1224,8 @@ class AutotagRoutesMixin:
         owner = model_gate.new_owner("legacy-single")
         if not model_gate.try_acquire(owner):
             return model_busy_response()
+        # #431: the legacy review hides the Skipped tags too (19A).
+        skip = SkipMatcher(AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS)
         store = self._capture_store()
         try:
             epoch = await self._run_in_executor(self.db.get_execution_epoch)
@@ -1151,6 +1265,7 @@ class AutotagRoutesMixin:
                     capture,
                     model_type,
                     options,
+                    skip,
                     on_skipped=functools.partial(store.release_use, capture.token),
                 )
             except MissingBackendPackages as exc:

py/api/history.py

@@ -843,7 +843,10 @@ class HistoryRoutesMixin:
                 raise
 
         async def execute():
-            pending = asyncio.create_task(self._run_in_executor(project))
+            # An inspection reads the file's header and text: the
+            # interactive image pool (#523); media stays on the default.
+            run = self._run_image if kind == "inspection" else self._run_in_executor
+            pending = asyncio.create_task(run(project))
             try:
                 return await asyncio.shield(pending)
             except asyncio.CancelledError:

py/api/image_tag_jobs.py

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ from typing import NamedTuple
 from aiohttp import web
 
 from .. import model_gate
+from ..tagging_defaults import SkipMatcher
 from .admin import _plural, _time_left
 from .annotation_suggest import (
     OptionError,
@@ -170,6 +171,8 @@ class _Run:
     owner: object
     service: object = None
     roots: dict = field(default_factory=dict)
+    # The job's Skipped tags, compiled once at its start (#431).
+    skip: object = None
 
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
@@ -183,6 +186,9 @@ class _Spec:
     options: dict | None = None
     # A listing filter the start resolves into ``targets`` (#392).
     filter: dict | None = None
+    # The Skipped tags when the job was requested (#431); a later save does
+    # not change a running job.
+    skip: tuple = ()
 
     @property
     def title(self) -> str:
@@ -238,7 +244,11 @@ def _parse_auto(targets, data):
         )
     except OptionError as exc:
         return None, bad_request(str(exc))
-    return _Spec("auto", targets, model_type=model_type, options=options), None
+    skip = tuple(AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS)
+    return (
+        _Spec("auto", targets, model_type=model_type, options=options, skip=skip),
+        None,
+    )
 
 
 def parse_image_tag_request(data: dict):
@@ -329,6 +339,8 @@ class AutotagRun:
     keep_in_memory: bool
     backup_on: bool
     owner: object
+    # The Skipped tags when the job was started (#431).
+    skip: tuple = ()
 
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
@@ -400,6 +412,14 @@ def _load_model(service, model_type: str, use_gpu: bool) -> None:
         raise RuntimeError(f"{model_type} could not be loaded")
 
 
+def _skipped_tags_line(entries: tuple) -> str:
+    """The job log's one line about the Skipped tags it runs with (#431)."""
+    if not entries:
+        return "Skipped tags: none"
+    count = len(entries)
+    return f"Skipped tags: {count} {'entry' if count == 1 else 'entries'}"
+
+
 def _refusal(status: int, code: str, message: str) -> Refusal:
     response = web.json_response(
         {"success": False, "code": code, "error": message}, status=status
@@ -507,6 +527,7 @@ class ImageTagJobsMixin:
         released when the task ends, also before its runner ever starts.
         """
         from ..autotag import MODELS, get_autotag_service
+        from ..config import AutotagConfig
 
         backup_on = self._safety_backup_policy() == "on"
         status = await self._run_in_executor(get_autotag_service().get_models_status)
@@ -529,7 +550,13 @@ class ImageTagJobsMixin:
             response = model_busy_response()
             return None, Refusal(409, "model-busy", MODEL_BUSY_ERROR, response)
         run = AutotagRun(
-            model_type, existing, options, keep_in_memory, backup_on, owner
+            model_type,
+            existing,
+            options,
+            keep_in_memory,
+            backup_on,
+            owner,
+            skip=tuple(AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS),
         )
         admitted = False
         try:
@@ -598,7 +625,9 @@ class ImageTagJobsMixin:
             return _batch_cancelled(job)
         job.publish({"type": "phase", "phase": "model"})
         job.update(status_line="Loading the tagging model")
-        spec = _Spec("auto", (), model_type=run.model_type, options=run.options)
+        spec = _Spec(
+            "auto", (), model_type=run.model_type, options=run.options, skip=run.skip
+        )
         service = await self._prepare_tagging_model(job, spec, run.owner)
         if service is None:
             return "failed"
@@ -624,6 +653,7 @@ class ImageTagJobsMixin:
             f"Tagging started · {job.scope.get('label') or run.model_type} · "
             f"{_plural(total, 'image')} · {policy}"
         )
+        job.log_line(_skipped_tags_line(spec.skip))
         if job.cancelled:
             return _batch_cancelled(job)
         remaining = await self._autotag_prepass(job, targets, run.existing == "skip")
@@ -633,7 +663,9 @@ class ImageTagJobsMixin:
         spec = dataclasses.replace(
             spec, targets=tuple(item.target for item in remaining)
         )
-        loop_run = _Run(job, spec, epoch, run.owner, service)
+        loop_run = _Run(
+            job, spec, epoch, run.owner, service, skip=SkipMatcher(spec.skip)
+        )
         if not await self._tag_each_file(loop_run, done_before=done):
             job.update(status_line=STORAGE_RESTORED)
             job.log_line(f"Tagging stopped · {STORAGE_RESTORED}")
@@ -739,6 +771,9 @@ class ImageTagJobsMixin:
             started += f" · {spec.model_type}"
         job.log_line(started)
         run = _Run(job, spec, epoch, owner)
+        if spec.mode == "auto":
+            job.log_line(_skipped_tags_line(spec.skip))
+            run.skip = SkipMatcher(spec.skip)
         try:
             if spec.mode == "auto":
                 run.service = await self._prepare_tagging_model(job, spec, owner)
@@ -894,6 +929,7 @@ class ImageTagJobsMixin:
                 capture,
                 spec.model_type,
                 spec.options,
+                run.skip,
                 on_skipped=functools.partial(store.release_use, capture.token),
             )
         except Exception:

py/api/images.py

@@ -2975,6 +2975,7 @@ class ImageRoutesMixin:
             result = await self._run_in_executor(
                 self._generate_gallery_thumbnails_sync, output_dirs
             )
+            await self._release_job_memory()
             return web.json_response(result)
 
         except Exception as e:
@@ -3997,7 +3998,8 @@ class ImageRoutesMixin:
                     **observed,
                 )
 
-            body = await self._run_in_executor(inspect)
+            # Header and text reads: the interactive image pool (#523).
+            body = await self._run_image(inspect)
             if body is None:
                 return web.json_response(
                     {
@@ -4210,6 +4212,22 @@ class ImageRoutesMixin:
         # (which Windows refuses on open files) is not held up by it.
         return _CardFacts(width, height, *self._card_parse(path, records))
 
+    def _cached_card_facts(self, entry: tuple) -> _CardFacts | None:
+        path, mtime, root, index = entry[:4]
+        return self._workspace_card_cache.get((index, str(root)), {}).get((path, mtime))
+
+    def _card_facts_of(self, entries: list, *, parse: bool) -> list[_CardFacts]:
+        """Card facts of *entries*, in order; files not cached yet are read on
+        the interactive image pool (#523), cached ones answer here."""
+        found = [self._cached_card_facts(entry) for entry in entries]
+        missing = [i for i, facts in enumerate(found) if facts is None]
+        read = self._map_image(
+            lambda i: self._card_facts(entries[i], parse=parse), missing
+        )
+        for i, facts in zip(missing, read):
+            found[i] = facts
+        return found
+
     def _card_facts(self, entry: tuple, *, parse: bool) -> _CardFacts:
         """One listed image's card facts, read once per ``(path, mtime)``.
 
@@ -4218,11 +4236,11 @@ class ImageRoutesMixin:
         and drops the rest, and a roots change drops them all. Only files of
         the current scan are stored, so the cache is bounded by the listing.
         """
-        path, mtime, root, index = entry[:4]
-        root_key, key = (index, str(root)), (path, mtime)
-        cached = self._workspace_card_cache.get(root_key, {}).get(key)
+        cached = self._cached_card_facts(entry)
         if cached is not None:
             return cached
+        path, mtime, root, index = entry[:4]
+        root_key, key = (index, str(root)), (path, mtime)
         facts = self._read_card_facts(path, parse=parse)
         if facts is None:
             # Not stored: a locked or half-written file may read next time.
@@ -4248,15 +4266,17 @@ class ImageRoutesMixin:
             if linked
             else {}
         )
+        # Videos: the card reads no video metadata. Library previews show
+        # no card facts, so they skip the parse (``parse=linked``).
+        stills = [image for image in images if not image["is_video"]]
+        read = self._card_facts_of(
+            [entries[(image["root_index"], image["path"])] for image in stills],
+            parse=linked,
+        )
+        facts_of = {id(image): facts for image, facts in zip(stills, read)}
         for image in images:
             entry = entries[(image["root_index"], image["path"])]
-            # Videos: the card reads no video metadata. Library previews show
-            # no card facts, so they skip the parse (``parse=linked``).
-            facts = (
-                _NO_CARD_FACTS
-                if image["is_video"]
-                else self._card_facts(entry, parse=linked)
-            )
+            facts = facts_of.get(id(image), _NO_CARD_FACTS)
             image["width"], image["height"] = facts.width, facts.height
             if not linked:
                 continue

py/api/jobs.py

@@ -204,6 +204,8 @@ class Job:
         self.total = 0
         self.counters = dict.fromkeys(groups, 0)
         self.outcomes = {group: [] for group in groups}
+        # Groups whose report lists every row, beyond MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS (#550).
+        self.complete = {}
         self.log = []
         self._cancel_requested = False
         self.last_event = None
@@ -297,31 +299,36 @@ class Job:
             )
         self.log_line(log_line)
 
-    def record_counted(self, group, count, rows=()):
+    def record_counted(self, group, count, rows=(), *, complete=False):
         """Count ``count`` outcomes in ``group`` at once, listing ``rows``.
 
         For outcomes that need no log line each (a thumbnail job's already
         fresh previews): the counter is exact, ``rows`` (``record``'s row
         shape) are listed up to MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS, and nothing is logged.
+        ``complete`` also keeps every row for the report (#550: a record of
+        each change that must not be cut short; the caller bounds it).
         """
         if group not in self.counters:
             raise ValueError(f"Unknown outcome group {group!r} for {self.kind}")
         self.counters[group] += max(0, int(count))
         listed = self.outcomes[group]
+        kept = self.complete.setdefault(group, []) if complete else None
         for row in rows:
-            if len(listed) >= MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS:
+            if kept is None and len(listed) >= MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS:
                 break
             index = row.get("root_index")
             if isinstance(index, bool) or not isinstance(index, int) or index < 0:
                 index = None
-            listed.append(
-                {
-                    "path": _relative_path(row.get("path")),
-                    "root": str(row.get("root") or ""),
-                    "root_index": index,
-                    "detail": str(row.get("detail") or ""),
-                }
-            )
+            shaped = {
+                "path": _relative_path(row.get("path")),
+                "root": str(row.get("root") or ""),
+                "root_index": index,
+                "detail": str(row.get("detail") or ""),
+            }
+            if kept is not None:
+                kept.append(shaped)
+            if len(listed) < MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS:
+                listed.append(dict(shaped))
 
     def finish(self, state="finished"):
         """End the job in ``state`` and release every subscriber.
@@ -406,8 +413,9 @@ class Job:
         """The downloadable report: the summary, every outcome group and the log.
 
         Each group carries its exact count, its listed rows (at most
-        MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS) and whether the list is cut short. Rows and log lines
-        already hold root-relative paths only.
+        MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS, or every row of a ``complete`` group) and whether
+        the list is cut short. Rows and log lines already hold root-relative
+        paths only.
         """
         summary = self.summary()
         summary.pop("listed", None)
@@ -417,16 +425,21 @@ class Job:
             "generated_at": self._clock(),
             "job": summary,
             "outcomes": {
-                group: {
-                    "count": self.counters.get(group, len(rows)),
-                    "rows": [dict(row) for row in rows],
-                    "truncated": self.counters.get(group, len(rows)) > len(rows),
-                }
+                group: self._report_group(group, rows)
                 for group, rows in self.outcomes.items()
             },
             "log": list(self.log),
         }
 
+    def _report_group(self, group, listed):
+        rows = self.complete.get(group, listed)
+        count = self.counters.get(group, len(rows))
+        return {
+            "count": count,
+            "rows": [dict(row) for row in rows],
+            "truncated": count > len(rows),
+        }
+
     def report_filename(self):
         """The download name: prompt-manager-KIND-YYYYMMDD-HHMM.json (local time)."""
         stamp = time.strftime("%Y%m%d-%H%M", time.localtime(self._clock()))

py/api/maintenance.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 """Maintenance routes: reviewed, read-only plans (#249 System S6).
 
 ``POST /prompt_manager/maintenance/preview {operation, options:{}}`` reviews
-one operation (``duplicate_prompts``, ``optimize``, ``unused_components`` or
-``missing_links``; ``database/maintenance.py``; ``duplicate_files``,
+one operation (``duplicate_prompts``, ``optimize``, ``unused_components``,
+``missing_links`` or ``pair_metadata``, #550; ``database/maintenance.py``;
+``duplicate_files``,
 ``py/api/duplicate_files.py``; ``rotated_logs``, the rotated log copies,
 ``py/api/log_cleanup.py``, which has its own apply job) off the event loop and
 answers a ``Plan``: ``{success, token, operation, expires_at, scope:{count,
@@ -97,7 +98,11 @@ MAINTENANCE_TITLES = {
     "unused_components": "Unused prompt components",
     "missing_links": "Missing-file links",
     "workflow_storage": "Store each workflow once",
+    # #550, beyond the concept: fills old Pair prompts' empty category and tags.
+    "pair_metadata": "Pair category and tags",
 }
+# Operations whose job keeps every changed row for its report (#550).
+COMPLETE_RECORD = frozenset({"pair_metadata"})
 _OPERATION_ERROR = "operation must be one of: " + ", ".join(PREVIEW_OPERATIONS)
 MAINTENANCE_GROUPS = ("changed", "protected", "errors")
 MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH = 128
@@ -281,9 +286,27 @@ def short_space_message(short):
     )
 
 
-def _changed_line(operation, count, marks=0):
+def _pair_metadata_line(result):
+    count = result["changed"]
+    noun = (
+        "prompt from its saved pairs"
+        if count == 1
+        else "prompts from their saved pairs"
+    )
+    categories = result.get("categories", 0)
+    tag_sets = result.get("tag_sets", 0)
+    return (
+        f"Filled {count:,} {noun} "
+        f"({categories:,} {'category' if categories == 1 else 'categories'}, "
+        f"{tag_sets:,} {'tag set' if tag_sets == 1 else 'tag sets'})"
+    )
+
+
+def _changed_line(operation, count, marks=0, result=None):
     if operation == "optimize":
         return "Optimized the database"
+    if operation == "pair_metadata":
+        return _pair_metadata_line(result or {"changed": count})
     if operation == "duplicate_prompts":
         noun = "duplicate prompt" if count == 1 else "duplicate prompts"
         return f"Merged {count:,} {noun}"
@@ -668,9 +691,28 @@ class MaintenanceRoutesMixin:
         rows = await self._run_in_executor(
             self._maintenance_rows, plan.operation, result["rows"]
         )
-        job.record_counted("changed", result["changed"], rows)
-        job.record_counted("protected", payload["protected"])
-        line = _changed_line(plan.operation, result["changed"], result.get("marks", 0))
+        job.record_counted(
+            "changed",
+            result["changed"],
+            rows,
+            complete=plan.operation in COMPLETE_RECORD,
+        )
+        if "kept" in result:
+            # #550: each kept record with its reason, like the changed ones.
+            kept = [
+                {
+                    "path": "",
+                    "detail": f"Prompt {item['prompt_id']}: kept, "
+                    + "; ".join(item["reasons"]),
+                }
+                for item in result["kept"]
+            ]
+            job.record_counted("protected", len(kept), kept, complete=True)
+        else:
+            job.record_counted("protected", payload["protected"])
+        line = _changed_line(
+            plan.operation, result["changed"], result.get("marks", 0), result
+        )
         job.log_line(line)
         job.update(progress=100, status_line=f"{line} · {backup_note(backup)}")
         return None
@@ -691,6 +733,8 @@ class MaintenanceRoutesMixin:
                     }
                 )
             return rows
+        if operation == "pair_metadata":
+            return [{"path": "", "detail": _filled_detail(item)} for item in described]
         if operation == "duplicate_prompts":
             return [
                 {
@@ -708,6 +752,16 @@ class MaintenanceRoutesMixin:
         ]
 
 
+def _filled_detail(item):
+    """``Prompt 12: category “portrait”; tags a, b``: one filled prompt (#550)."""
+    parts = []
+    if "category" in item:
+        parts.append(f"category “{item['category']}”")
+    if item.get("tags"):
+        parts.append("tags " + ", ".join(item["tags"]))
+    return f"Prompt {item['prompt_id']}: " + "; ".join(parts)
+
+
 def backup_note(backup):
     """The status line's backup part: the file name, or that there is none."""
     return f"Safety backup {backup}" if backup else NO_BACKUP

py/api/settings_routes.py

@@ -54,9 +54,25 @@ _SETTINGS_FILE_KEYS = {
     "AUTOTAG_EXISTING": ("autotag", "defaults", "existing"),
     "AUTOTAG_GENERAL_THRESHOLD": ("autotag", "defaults", "general_threshold"),
     "AUTOTAG_CHARACTER_THRESHOLD": ("autotag", "defaults", "character_threshold"),
-    "AUTOTAG_TEMPLATE": ("autotag", "defaults", "template"),
     "AUTOTAG_SUGGESTION_LIMIT": ("autotag", "defaults", "suggestion_limit"),
+    "AUTOTAG_SKIPPED_TAGS": ("autotag", "defaults", "skipped_tags"),
+    # #431: the saved instructions and each engine's default, always written
+    # together (server-side pairing).
+    "AUTOTAG_INSTRUCTIONS": ("autotag", "defaults", "instructions"),
+    "AUTOTAG_DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS": ("autotag", "defaults", "default_instructions"),
 }
+# The old single template: written only as the GGUF default's mirror for a
+# downgrade (#431 B1.1), deleted when that default is Built-in.
+_TEMPLATE_MIRROR_KEY = ("autotag", "defaults", "template")
+TEMPLATE_REPLACED_ERROR = (
+    "LLM tag template was replaced by Saved instructions. Reload the page."
+)
+# Whole-list settings (#431): a save without ``expected_revision`` would merge
+# a stale copy over a list changed elsewhere, so it is refused.
+_REVISION_REQUIRED = frozenset(
+    {"autotag_skipped_tags", "autotag_instructions", "autotag_default_instructions"}
+)
+REVISION_REQUIRED_ERROR = "Reload the page and try again."
 # The thumbnail settings a running Convert outdated job fixes (#317).
 _THUMBNAIL_SETTINGS = ("THUMBNAIL_FORMAT", "THUMBNAIL_QUALITY", "THUMBNAIL_EDGE")
 # Attributes that live on GalleryConfig; the others on PromptManagerConfig.
@@ -137,13 +153,20 @@ def _settings_mutation(updates, new_roots):
     """The config commit for a settings save: only the submitted keys change.
 
     Every other section and key (integrations and the CivitAI key, database,
-    unknown sections) is kept as it is on disk.
+    unknown sections) is kept as it is on disk. A save of the instructions
+    also writes the old ``template`` key as the GGUF default's mirror.
     """
 
     def mutate(config):
         for name, value in updates.items():
             *sections, key = _SETTINGS_FILE_KEYS[name]
-            _set_nested(config, sections, key, value)
+            _set_nested(config, sections, key, _jsonable(value))
+        if "AUTOTAG_INSTRUCTIONS" in updates:
+            *sections, key = _TEMPLATE_MIRROR_KEY
+            mirror = _mirror_text(
+                updates["AUTOTAG_INSTRUCTIONS"], updates["AUTOTAG_DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS"]
+            )
+            _set_nested(config, sections, key, _DELETE if mirror is None else mirror)
         if new_roots is not None:
             gallery = _section(config, "gallery")
             monitoring = _section(gallery, "monitoring")
@@ -155,10 +178,37 @@ def _settings_mutation(updates, new_roots):
     return mutate
 
 
+# ``_set_nested``'s value that removes the key instead of setting it.
+_DELETE = object()
+
+
+def _jsonable(value):
+    """A runtime value as config.json holds it (tuples become lists)."""
+    if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+        return [_jsonable(item) for item in value]
+    if isinstance(value, dict):
+        return {key: _jsonable(item) for key, item in value.items()}
+    return value
+
+
+def _mirror_text(entries, defaults):
+    """The GGUF default's text, or None when it is Built-in (#431 B1.1)."""
+    from ..tagging_defaults import BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID
+
+    for item in entries:
+        if item["id"] == defaults["gguf"] != BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID:
+            return item["text"]
+    return None
+
+
 def _set_nested(config, sections, key, value):
-    """``config[s1][s2]...[key] = value``, each section a fresh dict."""
+    """``config[s1][s2]...[key] = value``, each section a fresh dict;
+    ``_DELETE`` removes the key."""
     if not sections:
-        config[key] = value
+        if value is _DELETE:
+            config.pop(key, None)
+        else:
+            config[key] = value
         return
     merged = _section(config, sections[0])
     _set_nested(merged, sections[1:], key, value)
@@ -176,7 +226,7 @@ def _validate_autotag_settings(data):
         MAX_SUGGESTION_LIMIT,
         MODEL_TYPES,
         validate_saved_threshold,
-        validate_template,
+        validate_skipped_tags,
     )
 
     updates = {}
@@ -205,12 +255,7 @@ def _validate_autotag_settings(data):
                 raise ValueError(f"{error}.") from None
             updates[key.upper()] = value
     if "autotag_template" in data:
-        try:
-            updates["AUTOTAG_TEMPLATE"] = validate_template(
-                data["autotag_template"], "LLM tag template"
-            )
-        except ValueError as error:
-            raise ValueError(f"{error}.") from None
+        raise ValueError(TEMPLATE_REPLACED_ERROR)
     if "autotag_suggestion_limit" in data:
         value = data["autotag_suggestion_limit"]
         if type(value) is not int or not 1 <= value <= MAX_SUGGESTION_LIMIT:
@@ -219,9 +264,41 @@ def _validate_autotag_settings(data):
                 f"{MAX_SUGGESTION_LIMIT}."
             )
         updates["AUTOTAG_SUGGESTION_LIMIT"] = value
+    if "autotag_skipped_tags" in data:
+        updates["AUTOTAG_SKIPPED_TAGS"] = tuple(
+            validate_skipped_tags(data["autotag_skipped_tags"])
+        )
+    updates.update(_validate_instruction_settings(data))
     return updates
 
 
+def _validate_instruction_settings(data):
+    """Server-side pairing (#431): a save that carries either instruction key
+    gets the other from the running configuration (which holds the migrated
+    list), the defaults are checked against the merged list, and both are
+    written. Empty when the save carries neither."""
+    from ..config import AutotagConfig
+    from ..tagging_defaults import (
+        validate_default_instructions,
+        validate_instructions,
+    )
+
+    if not {"autotag_instructions", "autotag_default_instructions"} & set(data):
+        return {}
+    if "autotag_instructions" in data:
+        entries = validate_instructions(data["autotag_instructions"])
+    else:
+        entries = [dict(item) for item in AutotagConfig.INSTRUCTIONS]
+    defaults = data.get(
+        "autotag_default_instructions", dict(AutotagConfig.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS)
+    )
+    defaults = validate_default_instructions(defaults, entries)
+    return {
+        "AUTOTAG_INSTRUCTIONS": tuple(entries),
+        "AUTOTAG_DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS": defaults,
+    }
+
+
 async def _read_json(request):
     """Parse a JSON object body through the package's capped reader."""
     from . import _read_json_body
@@ -249,6 +326,7 @@ class SettingsRoutesMixin:
         """Get current settings."""
         try:
             from ..config import AutotagConfig, PromptManagerConfig, GalleryConfig
+            from ..tagging_defaults import DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE
 
             root_paths = [
                 self._public_path(d) for d in GalleryConfig.MONITORING_DIRECTORIES
@@ -281,8 +359,21 @@ class SettingsRoutesMixin:
                         "autotag_character_threshold": (
                             AutotagConfig.CHARACTER_THRESHOLD
                         ),
-                        "autotag_template": AutotagConfig.TEMPLATE,
+                        # Read-only for one release (#431): a page cached
+                        # from before the upgrade still renders.
+                        "autotag_template": AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text(
+                            "gguf"
+                        ),
+                        "autotag_instructions": [
+                            dict(item) for item in AutotagConfig.INSTRUCTIONS
+                        ],
+                        "autotag_default_instructions": dict(
+                            AutotagConfig.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS
+                        ),
+                        # Built-in's text, which System shows read-only.
+                        "autotag_builtin_instructions": DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE,
                         "autotag_suggestion_limit": AutotagConfig.SUGGESTION_LIMIT,
+                        "autotag_skipped_tags": list(AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS),
                         "cpu_count": PromptManagerConfig.max_worker_threads(),
                         "gallery_root_paths": root_paths,
                         "gallery_root_path": root_paths[0] if root_paths else "",
@@ -383,6 +474,10 @@ class SettingsRoutesMixin:
                     {"success": False, "error": "expected_revision must be a string"},
                     status=400,
                 )
+            if expected_revision is None and _REVISION_REQUIRED & set(data):
+                return web.json_response(
+                    {"success": False, "error": REVISION_REQUIRED_ERROR}, status=400
+                )
             try:
                 updates = self._validate_settings(data)
             except ValueError as ve:
@@ -511,6 +606,12 @@ class SettingsRoutesMixin:
             if name in _AUTOTAG_SETTINGS:
                 setattr(AutotagConfig, name[len(_AUTOTAG_PREFIX) :], value)
                 continue
+        if "AUTOTAG_INSTRUCTIONS" in updates:
+            # What config.json now holds as the old key (the mirror).
+            AutotagConfig._LEGACY_TEMPLATE = AutotagConfig.mirror_template()
+        for name, value in updates.items():
+            if name in _AUTOTAG_SETTINGS:
+                continue
             owner = GalleryConfig if name in _GALLERY_SETTINGS else PromptManagerConfig
             setattr(owner, name, value)
         restart_fields = []

py/api/thumbnail_auto.py

@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ previews behind those URLs are made here, in three ways:
 - **On first view.** ``GET /prompt_manager/images/serve/thumbnails/<rel>_thumb
   <ext>`` for a preview that does not exist yet is admitted on the event loop
   (``_PreviewGate``): at most ``ON_DEMAND_LIMIT`` previews are written at once,
-  on this API's own small pool (never the default executor), one flight runs
+  on this API's interactive image pool (``IMAGE_POOL_SIZE`` threads, shared
+  with card facts and inspector reads; never the default executor), one flight runs
   per file, and the requests waiting are capped (``MAX_WAITING``); past the
   cap a request gets its fallback at once. Inside the admission the preview is
   mapped back to its media file under the same root (the request text is
@@ -24,7 +25,8 @@ previews behind those URLs are made here, in three ways:
 - **On capture.** The image monitor hands every new output it settles to
   ``queue_capture_thumbnail``, which queues its preview for one background
   worker thread (``AutoThumbnailer``). Each wake takes at most Worker threads
-  (``WORKER_THREADS``) files and writes them on that many threads; enqueuing
+  (``WORKER_THREADS``) files and writes them on the long-lived job pool
+  (``utils.parallel``, shared with scans and thumbnail jobs); enqueuing
   is O(1), so the monitor and ComfyUI's queue never wait. A file already
   queued is not queued again, the queue is bounded (``MAX_QUEUED``) and a
   preview left out is made on its first view instead.
@@ -49,7 +51,7 @@ write starts (after its slot) and again just before its rename.
 
 Shutdown: ``close_auto_thumbnails`` stops the worker at a file boundary,
 kills a running ffmpeg, waits a bounded time (and logs when the wait ran
-out) and shuts the view pool down; after the app's cleanup
+out) and shuts the image pool down; after the app's cleanup
 (``final=True``) nothing starts a worker again. Importing this module again
 (a package reload) stops the workers the previous import left.
 """
@@ -60,7 +62,7 @@ import functools
 import io
 import os
 import threading
-from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
+from concurrent.futures import CancelledError, ThreadPoolExecutor
 from pathlib import Path
 
 from aiohttp import web
@@ -104,8 +106,11 @@ PLACEHOLDER_SIZE = (thumbnail_settings.DEFAULT_EDGE, thumbnail_settings.DEFAULT_
 PLACEHOLDER_QUALITY = 85
 # Source extensions in the order a shared preview name looks for them (R2).
 _SOURCE_ORDER = thumbnail_settings.IMAGE_SOURCE_ORDER + tuple(sorted(VIDEO_EXTENSIONS))
-# Previews views may write at once (the size of the view pool).
-ON_DEMAND_LIMIT = 3
+# Threads of the interactive image pool (#523): view previews, card facts and
+# inspector reads. Fixed, so image buffers stay in a few threads' arenas.
+IMAGE_POOL_SIZE = 3
+# Previews views may write at once (the whole image pool).
+ON_DEMAND_LIMIT = IMAGE_POOL_SIZE
 # View requests that may wait on the gate; one more gets its fallback at once.
 MAX_WAITING = 64
 # How long a pool thread waits for the capture worker's flight of the same file.
@@ -124,7 +129,7 @@ AUTO_REFUSED_KINDS = frozenset(
     {RESTORE_JOB_KIND, DUPLICATE_CLEANUP_JOB_KIND, SOURCE_CHANGE_JOB_KIND}
 )
 WORKER_NAME = "PromptManagerThumbnailWorker"
-POOL_PREFIX = "pm-preview"
+POOL_PREFIX = "pm-image"
 # Identifies this import's workers: a reload stops the ones it did not start.
 _MODULE_TOKEN = object()
 
@@ -294,7 +299,7 @@ class AutoThumbnailer:
     ``generate(src, dst, is_video, *, stop, guard, track)`` writes one
     preview and returns ``_generate_one``'s result dict; ``may_write()``
     says whether automatic previews may be written now. Views call
-    ``ensure`` on the view pool, the monitor calls ``enqueue`` from its
+    ``ensure`` on the image pool, the monitor calls ``enqueue`` from its
     thread.
     """
 
@@ -491,12 +496,15 @@ class AutoThumbnailer:
                     self._worker_running = False
                     self._changed.notify_all()
                     return
-                take = min(len(self._queue), max(1, int(self._workers() or 1)))
+                workers = max(1, int(self._workers() or 1))
+                take = min(len(self._queue), workers)
                 batch = [self._queue.popleft() for _ in range(take)]
                 self._batch = len(batch)
                 self._changed.notify_all()
             try:
-                map_parallel(self._write_queued, batch, len(batch))
+                # The job pool's size is the setting; a smaller batch uses
+                # fewer of its threads (#523: one long-lived pool).
+                map_parallel(self._write_queued, batch, workers)
             finally:
                 with self._changed:
                     self._batch = 0
@@ -567,7 +575,7 @@ class _PreviewGate:
     """Admission of view requests on the event loop (#249 I2).
 
     Waiters are coroutines: at most ``limit`` previews are written at once
-    on the view pool, one flight runs per key, and past ``MAX_WAITING``
+    on the image pool, one flight runs per key, and past ``MAX_WAITING``
     waiting requests ``run`` answers ``OVER`` at once.
     """
 
@@ -622,13 +630,17 @@ class _PreviewGate:
                 flight.set_result(result)
 
 
+def _on_image_thread():
+    return threading.current_thread().name.startswith(POOL_PREFIX + "_")
+
+
 class AutoThumbnailMixin:
     """Automatic previews on the API: views, the monitor's queue, scans."""
 
     _auto_thumbnailer = None
     _auto_thumbnails_shut = False
     _preview_gate_obj = None
-    _preview_pool_obj = None
+    _image_pool_obj = None
     _auto_thumbnailer_lock = threading.Lock()
 
     def _auto_thumbnails(self):
@@ -651,7 +663,7 @@ class AutoThumbnailMixin:
             self._auto_thumbnails_shut = True
 
     def close_auto_thumbnails(self, final=False, timeout=None):
-        """Stop the capture worker and the view pool, and forget them.
+        """Stop the capture worker and the image pool, and forget them.
 
         Bounded by ``timeout`` (see AutoThumbnailer.close). ``final`` (the
         package teardown) also keeps a late monitor event from starting a
@@ -662,7 +674,7 @@ class AutoThumbnailMixin:
             if final:
                 self._auto_thumbnails_shut = True
             thumbnailer, self._auto_thumbnailer = self._auto_thumbnailer, None
-            pool, self._preview_pool_obj = self._preview_pool_obj, None
+            pool, self._image_pool_obj = self._image_pool_obj, None
             self._preview_gate_obj = None
         closed = True
         if thumbnailer is not None:
@@ -706,16 +718,67 @@ class AutoThumbnailMixin:
             gate = self._preview_gate_obj = _PreviewGate(ON_DEMAND_LIMIT, self.logger)
         return gate
 
-    def _preview_pool(self):
-        with AutoThumbnailMixin._auto_thumbnailer_lock:
-            if self._preview_pool_obj is None:
-                self._preview_pool_obj = ThreadPoolExecutor(
-                    ON_DEMAND_LIMIT, thread_name_prefix=POOL_PREFIX
-                )
-            return self._preview_pool_obj
+    def _image_pool(self):
+        """The interactive image pool (#523): IMAGE_POOL_SIZE threads for view
+        previews (behind their gate), card facts and inspector reads, so
+        image buffers never spread over the default executor's threads.
 
-    def _preview_pool_threads(self):
-        pool = self._preview_pool_obj
+        None after the package teardown (``close_auto_thumbnails(final=True)``):
+        a late request then runs on the default executor (``run_in_executor``
+        with None) and starts no thread the teardown no longer stops.
+        """
+        with AutoThumbnailMixin._auto_thumbnailer_lock:
+            if self._image_pool_obj is None and not self._auto_thumbnails_shut:
+                self._image_pool_obj = ThreadPoolExecutor(
+                    IMAGE_POOL_SIZE, thread_name_prefix=POOL_PREFIX
+                )
+            return self._image_pool_obj
+
+    async def _run_image(self, func, *args, **kwargs):
+        """``_run_in_executor`` for interactive image work: the image pool.
+
+        After the teardown, or with the pool shut down in between (a test
+        reset), the call runs on the default executor as before.
+        """
+        call = functools.partial(func, *args, **kwargs)
+        loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+        try:
+            future = loop.run_in_executor(self._image_pool(), call)
+        except RuntimeError:  # submit refused: the pool was shut down
+            future = loop.run_in_executor(None, call)
+        return await future
+
+    def _map_image(self, func, items):
+        """``func`` over *items* on the image pool, in order (blocking).
+
+        Called from an image pool thread, after the teardown, or with the
+        pool shut down in between (its queued items are cancelled), the
+        items it did not run run on the calling thread.
+        """
+        items = list(items)
+        pool = None if not items or _on_image_thread() else self._image_pool()
+        if pool is None:
+            return [func(item) for item in items]
+        futures = []
+        try:
+            for item in items:
+                futures.append(pool.submit(func, item))
+        except RuntimeError:
+            pass  # shut down in between: the rest run here
+        results = []
+        for index, item in enumerate(items):
+            future = futures[index] if index < len(futures) else None
+            if future is None or future.cancelled():
+                results.append(func(item))
+                continue
+            try:
+                results.append(future.result())
+            except CancelledError:  # cancelled while this caller waited
+                results.append(func(item))
+        return results
+
+    def _image_pool_threads(self):
+        pool = self._image_pool_obj
         return [] if pool is None else list(getattr(pool, "_threads", ()))
 
     def _video_placeholder_bytes(self):
@@ -730,7 +793,7 @@ class AutoThumbnailMixin:
         return await self._preview_gate().run(
             flight_key(Path(dst).parent, (Path(dst).name,)),
             functools.partial(self._ensure_view, src, dst, is_video),
-            self._preview_pool(),
+            self._image_pool(),
         )
 
     def _ensure_view(self, src, dst, is_video):
@@ -774,13 +837,13 @@ class AutoThumbnailMixin:
         The flight answers only the outcome (a history flight may be the one
         joined); the file it previews is derived here: the preview path is
         the request's own, and a fallback looks its source up again on the
-        view pool (bounded by it, never the default executor).
+        image pool (bounded by it, never the default executor).
         """
         if _has_traversal(filepath) or not _is_preview_request(filepath):
             return None
         parts = tuple(filepath.split("/"))
         gate = self._preview_gate()
-        pool = self._preview_pool()
+        pool = self._image_pool()
         for root in output_dirs:
             root = Path(root)
             outcome = await gate.run(

py/api/thumbnail_convert.py

@@ -153,6 +153,7 @@ class ThumbnailConvertMixin:
             job.log_line("Conversion failed · internal error")
             state = "failed"
         job.finish(state)
+        await self._release_job_memory()
 
     async def _convert_job_body(self, job, options):
         output_dirs = await self._run_in_executor(self._get_all_output_dirs)

py/api/thumbnail_jobs.py

@@ -226,6 +226,7 @@ class ThumbnailJobsMixin:
             )
             state = "failed"
         job.finish(state)
+        await self._release_job_memory()
 
     async def _thumbnail_job_body(self, job, options):
         """Plan, then generate in worker batches; returns the final state.

py/autotag.py

@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ except ImportError:
 # The tag template and thresholds live with the saved tagging defaults
 # (#328), so config.py never imports PIL.
 try:
-    from .tagging_defaults import DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE
+    from .tagging_defaults import DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE, read_wd14_label_rows
 except ImportError:
-    from py.tagging_defaults import DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE
+    from py.tagging_defaults import DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE, read_wd14_label_rows
 
 try:
     from ..utils import exit_signal
@@ -559,7 +559,6 @@ class AutoTagService:
         # A missing onnxruntime is refused by load_model before this runs
         # (#424); a ModuleNotFoundError here becomes the same refusal.
         import onnxruntime as ort
-        import csv
 
         config = MODELS[model_type]
         model_dir = self.models_dir / config["subdir"]
@@ -576,12 +575,8 @@ class AutoTagService:
 
         session = ort.InferenceSession(str(model_path), providers=providers)
 
-        # Read tag list from CSV
-        tags_list = []
-        with open(tags_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
-            reader = csv.DictReader(f)
-            for row in reader:
-                tags_list.append(row)
+        # Read tag list from CSV (the reader the Skipped tags preview shares)
+        tags_list = read_wd14_label_rows(tags_path)
 
         self.logger.info(
             f"WD14 model loaded ({len(tags_list)} tags, "
@@ -992,6 +987,7 @@ class AutoTagService:
         prompt: Optional[str] = None,
         general_threshold: Optional[float] = None,
         character_threshold: Optional[float] = None,
+        skip: Any = None,
     ) -> List[Tuple[str, Optional[float]]]:
         """The top ``limit`` suggestions as ``(name, confidence)`` pairs.
 
@@ -1000,7 +996,9 @@ class AutoTagService:
         ``None``. Names are distinct case-insensitively (first one wins).
         A name Save would reject (over 50 characters, a control character
         such as a newline, a comma) is skipped before the dedupe and the
-        ``limit`` count. ``prompt`` is used for this call only;
+        ``limit`` count. A name ``skip`` matches (a ``SkipMatcher``, the
+        Skipped tags compiled for this request or job, #431) is dropped next,
+        so it uses up no slot. ``prompt`` is used for this call only;
         ``custom_prompt`` is never changed.
         """
         if type(limit) is not int or not 1 <= limit <= MAX_SUGGESTION_LIMIT:
@@ -1017,6 +1015,8 @@ class AutoTagService:
                 name = validate_vocabulary_tag_name(raw)
             except ValueError:
                 continue
+            if skip is not None and skip.matches(name):
+                continue
             key = name.casefold()
             if key in seen:
                 continue

py/config.py

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ routes = server_instance.routes
 # Extension info
 extension_uri = None  # Will be set in __init__.py
 
+import hashlib  # noqa: E402
 import os  # noqa: E402
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple  # noqa: E402
 
@@ -587,8 +588,15 @@ try:
         MODEL_TYPES,
         WD14_MODEL_TYPES,
         validate_saved_threshold,
+        validate_skipped_tags,
         validate_template,
         validate_threshold,
+        BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID,
+        INSTRUCTION_ENGINES,
+        MAX_SAVED_INSTRUCTIONS,
+        builtin_instructions,
+        validate_default_instructions,
+        validate_instructions,
     )
 except ImportError:
     from py.tagging_defaults import (  # noqa: F401 - re-exported
@@ -600,8 +608,15 @@ except ImportError:
         MODEL_TYPES,
         WD14_MODEL_TYPES,
         validate_saved_threshold,
+        validate_skipped_tags,
         validate_template,
         validate_threshold,
+        BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID,
+        INSTRUCTION_ENGINES,
+        MAX_SAVED_INSTRUCTIONS,
+        builtin_instructions,
+        validate_default_instructions,
+        validate_instructions,
     )
 
 
@@ -617,6 +632,31 @@ def _valid_existing(value: Any) -> str:
     return value
 
 
+def _valid_skipped_tags(value: Any) -> Tuple[str, ...]:
+    return tuple(validate_skipped_tags(value))
+
+
+def _reason(error: ValueError) -> str:
+    """A settings sentence as a load warning's reason ("entry 2 is empty")."""
+    text = str(error).rstrip(".")
+    for prefix in ("Skipped tags", "Saved instructions"):
+        if text.startswith(prefix):
+            return text.removeprefix(prefix).lstrip(": ")
+    return text
+
+
+def _text_id(text: str) -> str:
+    """A migrated entry's id: deterministic, so every load gives the same."""
+    return hashlib.sha256(text.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()[:12]
+
+
+def _fallback_warning(key: str, error: ValueError, default: Any) -> str:
+    """The one load warning of a saved tagging default that fails its check."""
+    if key == "skipped_tags":
+        return f"autotag.defaults.skipped_tags {_reason(error)}; using no skipped tags"
+    return f"autotag.defaults.{key} {error}; using {default!r}"
+
+
 def _valid_suggestion_limit(value: Any) -> int:
     if type(value) is not int or not 1 <= value <= MAX_SUGGESTION_LIMIT:
         raise ValueError(f"must be an integer from 1 to {MAX_SUGGESTION_LIMIT}")
@@ -637,8 +677,18 @@ class AutotagConfig:
     EXISTING = "skip"
     GENERAL_THRESHOLD = 0.35
     CHARACTER_THRESHOLD = 0.85
-    TEMPLATE = DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE
     SUGGESTION_LIMIT = DEFAULT_SUGGESTION_LIMIT
+    SKIPPED_TAGS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    # #431: the saved instructions (Built-in is never stored) and the default
+    # of each language-model engine, by id.
+    INSTRUCTIONS: Tuple[Dict[str, str], ...] = ()
+    DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS: Dict[str, str] = {
+        "gguf": BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID,
+        "hf": BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID,
+    }
+    # The old single template as read at load (None when absent or invalid);
+    # only the migration reads it. Saves keep it as the GGUF default's mirror.
+    _LEGACY_TEMPLATE: Optional[str] = None
 
     # config.json key -> (attribute, validator, default)
     _KEYS = {
@@ -654,12 +704,13 @@ class AutotagConfig:
             lambda v: validate_saved_threshold("value", v),
             0.85,
         ),
-        "template": ("TEMPLATE", validate_template, DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE),
         "suggestion_limit": (
             "SUGGESTION_LIMIT",
             _valid_suggestion_limit,
             DEFAULT_SUGGESTION_LIMIT,
         ),
+        # #431: words whose suggested tags are never offered.
+        "skipped_tags": ("SKIPPED_TAGS", _valid_skipped_tags, ()),
     }
 
     @classmethod
@@ -672,17 +723,142 @@ class AutotagConfig:
             type(value) is int and 1 <= value <= MAX_SUGGESTION_LIMIT
         )  # bool, float and str are rejected
 
+    @classmethod
+    def all_instructions(cls) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
+        """Built-in first, then the saved entries (copies)."""
+        return [builtin_instructions()] + [dict(item) for item in cls.INSTRUCTIONS]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def default_instructions_text(cls, engine: str) -> str:
+        """The text of ``engine``'s (``gguf`` or ``hf``) default instructions."""
+        if engine not in INSTRUCTION_ENGINES:
+            raise ValueError(f"{engine} takes no instructions")
+        wanted = cls.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS.get(engine, BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID)
+        for item in cls.INSTRUCTIONS:
+            if item["id"] == wanted:
+                return item["text"]
+        return DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE
+
+    @classmethod
+    def mirror_template(cls) -> Optional[str]:
+        """What an older build reads as its one template (#431 B1.1): the
+        GGUF default's text, or None (no key) when that default is Built-in."""
+        if cls.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS.get("gguf") == BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID:
+            return None
+        return cls.default_instructions_text("gguf")
+
     @classmethod
     def get_config(cls) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-        """The saved defaults; the template only when it is not the built-in
-        one, so a later built-in template still reaches who never set one."""
+        """The saved defaults; ``template`` only as the GGUF default's mirror."""
         defaults = {
             key: getattr(cls, attr) for key, (attr, _v, _d) in cls._KEYS.items()
         }
-        if defaults["template"] == DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE:
-            del defaults["template"]
+        defaults["skipped_tags"] = list(defaults["skipped_tags"])
+        defaults["instructions"] = [dict(item) for item in cls.INSTRUCTIONS]
+        defaults["default_instructions"] = dict(cls.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS)
+        mirror = cls.mirror_template()
+        if mirror is not None:
+            defaults["template"] = mirror
         return {"defaults": defaults}
 
+    @classmethod
+    def _load_instructions(cls, defaults: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        """Each instruction key alone, then the cross-key default check, then
+        the in-memory migration of the old template (#431). Nothing is
+        written here, so the revision never changes at load."""
+        cls._LEGACY_TEMPLATE = None
+        if "template" in defaults:
+            try:
+                cls._LEGACY_TEMPLATE = validate_template(defaults["template"])
+            except ValueError as error:
+                config_logger.warning(
+                    f"autotag.defaults.template {error}; using the built-in one"
+                )
+        entries: List[Dict[str, str]] = []
+        damaged = False
+        if "instructions" in defaults:
+            try:
+                entries = validate_instructions(defaults["instructions"])
+            except ValueError as error:
+                damaged = True
+                config_logger.warning(
+                    f"autotag.defaults.instructions {_reason(error)}; "
+                    "using Built-in only"
+                )
+        chosen = {engine: BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID for engine in INSTRUCTION_ENGINES}
+        stored = defaults.get("default_instructions")
+        if damaged:
+            # Both defaults fall back with the list (its one warning says so);
+            # the old template is migrated as on a first upgrade.
+            pass
+        elif "default_instructions" in defaults and (
+            not isinstance(stored, dict) or set(stored) != set(INSTRUCTION_ENGINES)
+        ):
+            config_logger.warning(
+                "autotag.defaults.default_instructions must name gguf and hf; "
+                "using Built-in"
+            )
+        elif isinstance(stored, dict):
+            ids = {item["id"] for item in entries}
+            for engine in INSTRUCTION_ENGINES:
+                value = stored[engine]
+                if isinstance(value, str) and (
+                    value == BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID or value in ids
+                ):
+                    chosen[engine] = value
+                else:
+                    config_logger.warning(
+                        f"autotag.defaults.default_instructions.{engine} names no "
+                        "saved instructions; using Built-in"
+                    )
+        cls._migrate_template(
+            entries,
+            chosen,
+            first=damaged or "instructions" not in defaults,
+            keep_defaults=not damaged and "default_instructions" in defaults,
+        )
+        cls.INSTRUCTIONS = tuple(entries)
+        cls.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS = chosen
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _migrate_template(cls, entries, chosen, *, first, keep_defaults) -> None:
+        """Bring a template saved by an older build in as a named entry."""
+        legacy = cls._LEGACY_TEMPLATE
+        if legacy is None or legacy == DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE:
+            return
+        if first:
+            # The first upgrade: it becomes "Custom template", the default for
+            # both engines unless defaults are stored already (20A).
+            entries.append(
+                {"id": _text_id(legacy), "name": "Custom template", "text": legacy}
+            )
+            if not keep_defaults:
+                for engine in INSTRUCTION_ENGINES:
+                    chosen[engine] = entries[-1]["id"]
+            return
+        if any(item["text"] == legacy for item in entries):
+            return  # the mirror of a saved default
+        # Edited on an older build after an upgrade (B1.2): import it.
+        if len(entries) >= MAX_SAVED_INSTRUCTIONS:
+            config_logger.warning(
+                "The tagging template edited on an older version was not imported: "
+                f"the saved instructions are full ({MAX_SAVED_INSTRUCTIONS})"
+            )
+            return
+        names = {item["name"].casefold() for item in entries}
+        number = 2
+        while f"custom template ({number})" in names:
+            number += 1
+        name = f"Custom template ({number})"
+        ids = {item["id"] for item in entries}
+        new_id, n = _text_id(legacy), 2
+        while new_id in ids:
+            new_id, n = _text_id(f"{legacy}\n{n}"), n + 1
+        entries.append({"id": new_id, "name": name, "text": legacy})
+        config_logger.info(
+            "Imported the tagging template edited on an older version as " f"'{name}'"
+        )
+
     @classmethod
     def update_config(cls, new_config: Any) -> None:
         if not isinstance(new_config, dict):
@@ -698,12 +874,9 @@ class AutotagConfig:
             try:
                 setattr(cls, attr, validate(defaults[key]))
             except ValueError as error:
-                config_logger.warning(
-                    f"autotag.defaults.{key} {error}; using {default!r}"
-                    if key != "template"
-                    else f"autotag.defaults.template {error}; using the built-in one"
-                )
+                config_logger.warning(_fallback_warning(key, error, default))
                 setattr(cls, attr, default)
+        cls._load_instructions(defaults)
 
 
 class PromptManagerConfig:

py/tagging_defaults.py

@@ -4,8 +4,13 @@ Server-free on purpose: ``py.api`` must import without ComfyUI's ``server``
 module, which ``py/config.py`` needs; config re-exports all of this.
 """
 
+import csv
 import math
-from typing import Any
+import os
+import re
+import threading
+import unicodedata
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Set, Tuple
 
 # The tagging engines (``py/autotag.py`` MODELS) and the options they take.
 WD14_MODEL_TYPES = frozenset({"wd14-swinv2", "wd14-vit"})
@@ -88,3 +93,230 @@ def validate_template(value: Any, name: str = "instructions") -> str:
     if len(encoded) > MAX_INSTRUCTION_BYTES:
         raise ValueError(f"{name} {'are' if name == 'instructions' else 'is'} too long")
     return value
+
+
+# Skipped tags (#431): words whose suggested tags are never offered.
+MAX_SKIPPED_TAGS = 200
+MAX_SKIPPED_TAG_CHARS = 50
+_WORD_SEPARATORS = re.compile(r"[ _-]+")
+_FORBIDDEN_IN_ENTRY = re.compile(r"[,\x00-\x1f\x7f-\x9f\u2028\u2029]")
+
+
+def tag_words(text: str) -> Tuple[str, ...]:
+    """The words of a tag or a skipped entry: NFC, case-folded, split on runs
+    of space, ``_`` and ``-``. Every other character belongs to a word."""
+    folded = unicodedata.normalize("NFC", text).casefold()
+    return tuple(word for word in _WORD_SEPARATORS.split(folded) if word)
+
+
+def validate_skipped_tags(value: Any) -> List[str]:
+    """The Skipped tags list, each entry trimmed, or ValueError with the
+    sentence the System page shows (entries are numbered from 1)."""
+    if not isinstance(value, list):
+        raise ValueError("Skipped tags must be a list of words.")
+    if len(value) > MAX_SKIPPED_TAGS:
+        raise ValueError(f"Skipped tags: at most {MAX_SKIPPED_TAGS} entries.")
+    entries: List[str] = []
+    seen: Dict[Tuple[str, ...], int] = {}
+    for number, raw in enumerate(value, 1):
+        if not isinstance(raw, str):
+            raise ValueError(f"Skipped tags: entry {number} must be text.")
+        entry = raw.strip()
+        if not entry:
+            raise ValueError(f"Skipped tags: entry {number} is empty.")
+        if len(entry) > MAX_SKIPPED_TAG_CHARS:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Skipped tags: entry {number} must be at most "
+                f"{MAX_SKIPPED_TAG_CHARS} characters."
+            )
+        if _FORBIDDEN_IN_ENTRY.search(entry):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Skipped tags: entry {number} must not contain a comma "
+                "or a line break."
+            )
+        words = tag_words(entry)
+        if not words:
+            raise ValueError(f"Skipped tags: entry {number} is empty.")
+        if words in seen:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Skipped tags: entry {number} repeats entry {seen[words]}."
+            )
+        seen[words] = number
+        entries.append(entry)
+    return entries
+
+
+class SkipMatcher:
+    """Whether a suggested tag contains a skipped entry's words, consecutive
+    and whole (#431, 17B). Compiled once per request or job; the cost of a
+    check depends on the tag's words, not on the number of entries."""
+
+    def __init__(self, entries: Iterable[str] = ()):
+        self._entries = frozenset(filter(None, (tag_words(e) for e in entries)))
+        self._longest = max((len(words) for words in self._entries), default=0)
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self._entries)
+
+    def matches(self, name: str) -> bool:
+        if not self._entries:
+            return False
+        words = tag_words(name)
+        for start in range(len(words)):
+            stop = min(len(words), start + self._longest)
+            for end in range(start + 1, stop + 1):
+                if words[start:end] in self._entries:
+                    return True
+        return False
+
+    def counting(self) -> "CountingSkip":
+        """A per-request view that also remembers which names it hid."""
+        return CountingSkip(self)
+
+
+class CountingSkip:
+    """A :class:`SkipMatcher` that records the distinct names it hid, so the
+    Tag image dialog can say how many skipped tags were not suggested."""
+
+    def __init__(self, matcher: SkipMatcher):
+        self._matcher = matcher
+        self.hidden: Set[str] = set()
+
+    def matches(self, name: str) -> bool:
+        if self._matcher.matches(name):
+            self.hidden.add(name.casefold())
+            return True
+        return False
+
+
+# A WD14 label list's tags the engine can suggest: general (0) and character (4).
+WD14_SUGGESTED_CATEGORIES = frozenset({"0", "4"})
+_label_cache: Dict[str, Tuple[Tuple[int, int], Tuple[str, ...]]] = {}
+_label_cache_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+
+def read_wd14_label_rows(path) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
+    """Every row of a WD14 ``selected_tags.csv``, read as UTF-8 and closed
+    before returning (the handle never outlives the call, for Windows)."""
+    with open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8", newline="") as handle:
+        return list(csv.DictReader(handle))
+
+
+def wd14_label_names(path) -> Tuple[str, ...]:
+    """The names a WD14 label list can suggest (categories 0 and 4), cached
+    by ``(mtime_ns, size)``. OSError (missing) and ValueError (unreadable)
+    propagate; the caller skips that list."""
+    key = os.fspath(path)
+    stat = os.stat(key)
+    stamp = (stat.st_mtime_ns, stat.st_size)
+    with _label_cache_lock:
+        cached = _label_cache.get(key)
+    if cached is not None and cached[0] == stamp:
+        return cached[1]
+    try:
+        rows = read_wd14_label_rows(key)
+    except csv.Error as exc:  # a damaged list (a NUL byte, an oversized field)
+        raise ValueError(f"unreadable label list: {exc}") from None
+    names = tuple(
+        name
+        for row in rows
+        if row.get("category", "0") in WD14_SUGGESTED_CATEGORIES
+        and (name := (row.get("name") or "").strip())
+    )
+    with _label_cache_lock:
+        _label_cache[key] = (stamp, names)
+    return names
+
+
+# Saved instructions (#431): named language-model instructions with a default
+# per engine. Built-in is never stored; readers put it first.
+BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID = "builtin"
+BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_NAME = "Built-in"
+MAX_SAVED_INSTRUCTIONS = 20
+MAX_INSTRUCTION_NAME_CHARS = 60
+INSTRUCTION_ENGINES = ("gguf", "hf")
+ENGINE_LABELS = {"gguf": "GGUF JoyCaption", "hf": "HuggingFace JoyCaption"}
+_INSTRUCTION_ID = re.compile(r"[0-9a-f]{12}")
+_CONTROL = re.compile(r"[\x00-\x1f\x7f-\x9f

]")
+
+
+def builtin_instructions() -> Dict[str, str]:
+    """The read-only Built-in entry, always the shipped template."""
+    return {
+        "id": BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID,
+        "name": BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_NAME,
+        "text": DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE,
+    }
+
+
+def _instruction_entry(raw: Any, number: int) -> Dict[str, str]:
+    prefix = f"Saved instructions: entry {number}"
+    if (
+        not isinstance(raw, dict)
+        or set(raw) != {"id", "name", "text"}
+        or not isinstance(raw["id"], str)
+        or _INSTRUCTION_ID.fullmatch(raw["id"]) is None
+    ):
+        raise ValueError(f"{prefix} has an invalid id.")
+    name = raw["name"].strip() if isinstance(raw["name"], str) else ""
+    if not name:
+        raise ValueError(f"{prefix} needs a name.")
+    if len(name) > MAX_INSTRUCTION_NAME_CHARS:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"{prefix} name must be at most {MAX_INSTRUCTION_NAME_CHARS} characters."
+        )
+    if _CONTROL.search(name):
+        raise ValueError(f"{prefix} name must not contain a line break.")
+    if name.casefold() == BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_NAME.casefold():
+        raise ValueError("Saved instructions: the name “Built-in” is reserved.")
+    try:
+        text = validate_template(raw["text"], f"{prefix} text")
+    except ValueError as error:
+        raise ValueError(f"{error}.") from None
+    return {"id": raw["id"], "name": name, "text": text}
+
+
+def validate_instructions(value: Any) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
+    """The saved entries ``[{id, name, text}]`` in order (names trimmed), or
+    ValueError with the sentence System shows (Built-in is not counted)."""
+    if not isinstance(value, list):
+        raise ValueError("Saved instructions must be a list.")
+    if len(value) > MAX_SAVED_INSTRUCTIONS:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Saved instructions: at most {MAX_SAVED_INSTRUCTIONS} entries besides "
+            "Built-in."
+        )
+    entries: List[Dict[str, str]] = []
+    ids: Dict[str, int] = {}
+    names: Dict[str, int] = {}
+    for number, raw in enumerate(value, 1):
+        item = _instruction_entry(raw, number)
+        if item["id"] in ids:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Saved instructions: entry {number} repeats the id of entry "
+                f"{ids[item['id']]}."
+            )
+        key = item["name"].casefold()
+        if key in names:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Saved instructions: entry {number} name “{item['name']}” is "
+                "already used."
+            )
+        ids[item["id"]] = number
+        names[key] = number
+        entries.append(item)
+    return entries
+
+
+def validate_default_instructions(value: Any, entries) -> Dict[str, str]:
+    """``{gguf: id, hf: id}``, each Built-in or an id of ``entries``."""
+    if not isinstance(value, dict) or set(value) != set(INSTRUCTION_ENGINES):
+        raise ValueError("Default instructions must name GGUF and HuggingFace.")
+    ids = {BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID} | {item["id"] for item in entries}
+    for engine in INSTRUCTION_ENGINES:
+        if not isinstance(value[engine], str) or value[engine] not in ids:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Default for {ENGINE_LABELS[engine]} must be one of the saved "
+                "instructions."
+            )
+    return {engine: value[engine] for engine in INSTRUCTION_ENGINES}

tests/browser/prompt-inspector.spec.mjs

@@ -320,3 +320,44 @@ test('copy toast and fallback dialog',async({page})=>{
     await expect(fallback).toContainText('Automatic clipboard access requires a secure browser context.');
     await page.keyboard.press('Escape');await expect(fallback).toBeHidden();await expect(copy).toBeFocused();
 });
+
+// #542 D191: "All N eligible nodes" previews every node, sends one after another and names each refusal.
+test('All eligible nodes previews each node, sends in node id order and names a refusal',async({page,context},testInfo)=>{
+    const host=await context.newPage();await host.goto('/prompt_manager/workspace#/overview');
+    await host.evaluate(async()=>{
+        const {createBridgeHost}=await import('/prompt_manager/js/shared/toolkit/prompt-bridge.js');
+        const targets=['12','3','7'].map(id=>({id,label:id==='7'?'Edited in ComfyUI':'Prompt Manager (+/-)',type:'PromptManagerPair',roles:['positive','negative']}));
+        window.hostValues=Object.fromEntries(targets.map(target=>[target.id,{positive:`Existing ${target.id}`,negative:'Existing negative'}]));window.applied=[];
+        window.fixtureHost=createBridgeHost({origin:location.origin,namespace:'/',label:'Test ComfyUI',adapter:{
+            listTargets:()=>targets,
+            preview:(id,roles)=>{const target=targets.find(item=>item.id===id);return{preview:{target,fields:Object.entries(roles).map(([role,after])=>({role,before:window.hostValues[id][role],after}))},snapshot:{id,roles}};},
+            apply:({id,roles})=>{if(id==='7')throw new Error('Workflow or prompt changed. Preview again.');Object.assign(window.hostValues[id],roles);window.applied.push(id);return{targetId:id,values:roles};},
+        }});
+    });
+    try {
+        await page.goto(workspace);await select(page,'0:shared/same.png');await details(page).getByRole('button',{name:/^Send prompt pair to ComfyUI: /}).click();
+        const sender=dialog(page);const nodes=sender.getByRole('combobox',{name:'Destination node',exact:true});
+        await sender.getByRole('combobox',{name:'ComfyUI window',exact:true}).selectOption({label:'Test ComfyUI'});
+        await expect(nodes.locator('option')).toHaveText(['Choose a destination node','#12 Prompt Manager (+/-)','#3 Prompt Manager (+/-)','#7 Edited in ComfyUI','All 3 eligible nodes']);
+        await expect(nodes).toHaveValue('');
+        await nodes.selectOption({label:'All 3 eligible nodes'});
+        await expect(sender.getByRole('status')).toHaveText('Sending to all 3 eligible nodes in Test ComfyUI. Apply to send it, or preview the changes first.');
+        await page.screenshot({path:testInfo.outputPath('send-all-option.png')});
+        await sender.getByRole('button',{name:'Preview changes',exact:true}).click();
+        const reviews=sender.locator('section.prompt-sender-node');
+        await expect(reviews.locator('> h4')).toHaveText(['#3 Prompt Manager (+/-)','#7 Edited in ComfyUI','#12 Prompt Manager (+/-)']);
+        await expect(sender.getByRole('region',{name:'#12 Prompt Manager (+/-)',exact:true})).toContainText('Existing 12');
+        expect(await host.evaluate(()=>window.applied)).toEqual([]);
+        await sender.getByRole('button',{name:'Apply to ComfyUI',exact:true}).click();
+        await expect(sender.getByRole('alert')).toHaveText('Sent to 2 of 3 nodes in Test ComfyUI. #7 Edited in ComfyUI: Workflow or prompt changed. Preview again.');
+        expect(await host.evaluate(()=>window.applied)).toEqual(['3','12']);
+        expect(await host.evaluate(()=>window.hostValues['7'].positive)).toBe('Existing 7');
+        await page.screenshot({path:testInfo.outputPath('send-all-result.png')});
+        await page.setViewportSize({width:390,height:844});
+        await sender.getByRole('button',{name:'Preview changes',exact:true}).click();await expect(reviews).toHaveCount(3);
+        await reviews.last().scrollIntoViewIfNeeded();
+        expect(await page.evaluate(()=>document.querySelector('dialog.prompt-sender').scrollWidth<=document.querySelector('dialog.prompt-sender').clientWidth+1)).toBe(true);
+        await page.screenshot({path:testInfo.outputPath('send-all-mobile.png')});
+        const apply=sender.getByRole('button',{name:'Apply to ComfyUI',exact:true});await apply.focus();await expect(apply).toBeFocused();
+    } finally {await host.evaluate(()=>window.fixtureHost.dispose());await host.close();}
+});

tests/browser/server.py

@@ -85,6 +85,9 @@ class TestModel:
     suggestions: list | None = None
     # The engine's model table (``py/autotag.py`` MODELS), set at startup.
     models_config: dict = {}
+    # Where the WD14 label lists live (the Skipped tags preview, #431), set at
+    # startup; the tagging fixture writes or removes a small list there.
+    models_dir = None
 
     def get_models_status(self) -> dict:
         from py.autotag import package_fields
@@ -115,21 +118,26 @@ class TestModel:
         return ["generated", Path(image_path).parent.parent.name]
 
     def generate_tag_suggestions(
-        self, image_path: str, *, limit: int, **kwargs: object
+        self, image_path: str, *, limit: int, skip=None, **kwargs: object
     ) -> list[tuple[str, float | None]]:
-        """Fixed scored suggestions (WD14) or unscored ones (language models)."""
+        """Fixed scored suggestions (WD14) or unscored ones (language models),
+        without the ones ``skip`` hides before the limit, as the engine does
+        (#431)."""
         scored = self.loaded is not None and self.loaded.startswith("wd14")
         if self.suggestions is not None:
-            return [
+            pairs = [
                 (name, confidence if scored else None)
-                for name, confidence in self.suggestions[:limit]
+                for name, confidence in self.suggestions
             ]
-        names = ["sandstone", "desert", "arch", "sky", "rock", "dune", "canyon"]
-        names += [f"tag_{index:02d}" for index in range(100)]
-        return [
-            (name, round(0.98 - index * 0.008, 3) if scored else None)
-            for index, name in enumerate(names[:limit])
-        ]
+        else:
+            names = ["sandstone", "desert", "arch", "sky", "rock", "dune", "canyon"]
+            names += [f"tag_{index:02d}" for index in range(100)]
+            pairs = [
+                (name, round(0.98 - index * 0.008, 3) if scored else None)
+                for index, name in enumerate(names)
+            ]
+        kept = [pair for pair in pairs if skip is None or not skip.matches(pair[0])]
+        return kept[:limit]
 
     def download_model(self, model_type: str, progress_callback=None) -> bool:
         raise AssertionError("browser tests never download a model")
@@ -233,6 +241,7 @@ def create_app(root: Path) -> web.Application:
 
     TestModel.models_config = autotag.MODELS
     model = TestModel()
+    model.models_dir = root / "models"
     autotag.get_autotag_service = lambda: model
     api = PromptManagerAPI()
     api.add_routes(routes)

tests/browser/system-maintenance-concept.spec.mjs

@@ -64,11 +64,31 @@ function measureMaintenance(mainSelector) {
     };
 }
 
-/** D102: the Metadata cache row says why its review is unavailable and its button is aria-disabled (D93's dimmed style). */
-function mapMaintenanceConcept(reference) {
+/**
+ * D192 (#550, beyond the concept): Database adds "Pair category and tags" after "Unused prompt components", shaped like
+ * the concept's plain Review plan row (Optimize database's).
+ */
+function mapPairRow(reference) {
     return {
         ...reference,
-        surfaces: reference.surfaces.map(surface => ({ ...surface, rows: surface.rows.map(row => row.title !== 'Metadata cache' ? row : {
+        surfaces: reference.surfaces.map(surface => {
+            const plain = surface.rows.find(row => row.title === 'Optimize database');
+            const at = surface.rows.findIndex(row => row.title === 'Unused prompt components');
+            if (!plain || at < 0) return surface;
+            return { ...surface, tree: [...surface.tree, 'div.operation'], rows: [...surface.rows.slice(0, at + 1),
+                { ...plain, title: 'Pair category and tags', description: 'Fill an empty category or tags on prompts older ' +
+                    'Pair node runs saved, from their saved pairs. Only empty fields of never-edited prompts.' },
+                ...surface.rows.slice(at + 1)] };
+        }),
+    };
+}
+
+/** D102: the Metadata cache row says why its review is unavailable and its button is aria-disabled (D93's dimmed style). */
+function mapMaintenanceConcept(reference) {
+    const mapped = mapPairRow(reference);
+    return {
+        ...mapped,
+        surfaces: mapped.surfaces.map(surface => ({ ...surface, rows: surface.rows.map(row => row.title !== 'Metadata cache' ? row : {
             ...row, description: `${row.description} Nothing is cached in this browser.`,
             actions: row.actions.map(action => ({ ...action, opacity: '0.55', cursor: 'not-allowed' })) }) })),
     };
@@ -209,8 +229,8 @@ test('maintenance comparison detects mutations', async ({ page, request }) => {
     const expected = mapMaintenanceConcept(concept);
     const production = await productionMaintenance(page, 'dark');
     expect(diffInventory(expected, production)).toEqual([]);
-    // Unmapped, the section differs only on the D102 row.
-    expect(diffInventory(concept, production).map(item => item.path).sort()).toEqual([
+    // Mapped only for the D192 row, the section differs only on the D102 row.
+    expect(diffInventory(mapPairRow(concept), production).map(item => item.path).sort()).toEqual([
         'surfaces.1.rows.3.actions.0.cursor', 'surfaces.1.rows.3.actions.0.opacity', 'surfaces.1.rows.3.description']);
     const measure = () => page.evaluate(measureMaintenance, '#workspace-main');
     const paths = async () => diffInventory(expected, await measure()).map(item => item.path);

tests/browser/system-tagging-concept.spec.mjs

@@ -33,6 +33,10 @@ test.afterEach(async ({ page, request, browserName }) => {
 const PREVIEW_URL = '/prompt_manager/autotag/batch/preview';
 const MODEL_OPTIONS = ['WD14 SwinV2 · ~400 MB', 'WD14 ViT · ~400 MB', 'GGUF JoyCaption · ~4.5 GB', 'HuggingFace JoyCaption · ~16 GB'];
 const SUGGESTIONS = 'From 1 to 100: the most suggestions Generate shows for one image.';
+const SKIPPED_DESCRIPTION = 'Suggested tags that contain one of these words are hidden. Words are separated by spaces, _ or -; '
+    + 'other characters such as ( ) belong to the word.';
+const DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION = 'The Tag image dialog and batches start from this.';
+const INSTRUCTIONS_DESCRIPTION = 'Instructions for the language-model engines. Built-in can’t be changed; duplicate it to make your own.';
 const BATCH = 'Tag each output image from its own pixels with the model above. Prompts are not changed. Review the scope first.';
 
 /** Runs in the page: Auto-tagging's surface under `mainSelector`: rows, field, actions, operation, geometry and tokens. */
@@ -62,7 +66,7 @@ function measureTagging(mainSelector) {
             text: [...row.firstElementChild.children].map(node => [name(node), text(node), node.localName === 'label' ? node.htmlFor : null]),
             control: control(row), flexWrap: getComputedStyle(row).flexWrap,
             controlBelow: row.lastElementChild.getBoundingClientRect().top >= row.firstElementChild.getBoundingClientRect().bottom - 0.5 })),
-        field: { tree: [...field.children].map(name), label: [text(field.querySelector('label')), field.querySelector('label').htmlFor],
+        field: field && { tree: [...field.children].map(name), label: [text(field.querySelector('label')), field.querySelector('label').htmlFor],
             textarea: { id: field.querySelector('textarea').id, value: field.querySelector('textarea').value,
                 ...css(field.querySelector('textarea'), 'fontSize', 'minHeight', 'backgroundColor', 'color', 'borderTopColor') },
             ...css(field, 'display', 'rowGap', 'fontSize', 'marginTop', 'marginBottom') },
@@ -70,6 +74,31 @@ function measureTagging(mainSelector) {
             ...css(actions, 'display', 'flexWrap', 'columnGap', 'justifyContent'),
             primary: css(actions.querySelector('.ca-primary'), 'backgroundColor', 'color', 'fontSize', 'paddingTop', 'paddingLeft'),
             plain: css(actions.querySelector('button:not(.ca-primary)'), 'backgroundColor', 'color', 'fontSize', 'borderTopColor') },
+        // D202 (#431): the Skipped tags block (the concept has none).
+        skipped: (block => block && { tree: [...block.children].map(name), key: block.dataset.key,
+            text: [...block.firstElementChild.children].map(node => [node.localName, text(node), node.localName === 'label' ? node.htmlFor : null]),
+            add: [...block.querySelector('.skip-add').children].map(node => [name(node), node.id, node.getAttribute('placeholder'), text(node)]),
+            preview: [text(block.querySelector('.skip-preview')), block.querySelector('.skip-preview').getAttribute('role')],
+            ...css(block, 'paddingTop', 'paddingBottom', 'borderTopWidth', 'borderTopColor'),
+            label: css(block.querySelector('label'), 'fontSize', 'fontWeight', 'color'),
+            description: css(block.querySelector('.setting-block-text p'), 'fontSize', 'color', 'marginTop'),
+            input: css(block.querySelector('input'), 'fontSize', 'backgroundColor', 'color', 'borderTopColor') })(
+            surface.querySelector(':scope > .setting-block[data-setting="tag-skipped"]')),
+        // D203 (#431): Saved instructions (the concept has a template field instead).
+        instructions: (block => block && { tree: [...block.children].map(name), key: block.dataset.key,
+            text: [...block.firstElementChild.children].map(node => [node.localName, text(node)]),
+            list: [...block.querySelectorAll('[role="option"]')].map(option => [text(option.firstElementChild),
+                [...option.querySelectorAll('.badges > .chip')].map(chip => [text(chip), chip.className]), option.getAttribute('aria-selected')]),
+            listRole: block.querySelector('.instruction-list').getAttribute('role'),
+            actions: [...block.querySelectorAll('.instruction-actions > button')].map(item => [text(item), item.className, item.disabled]),
+            editor: [...block.querySelectorAll('.instruction-editor .field')].map(item => [text(item.querySelector('label > span')),
+                item.querySelector('input, textarea').value, item.querySelector('input, textarea').readOnly]),
+            note: text(block.querySelector('#instruction-note')),
+            layout: getComputedStyle(block.querySelector('.instructions-layout')).gridTemplateColumns.split(' ').length,
+            ...css(block, 'paddingTop', 'paddingBottom', 'borderTopWidth', 'borderTopColor'),
+            label: css(block.querySelector('label'), 'fontSize', 'fontWeight', 'color'),
+            textarea: css(block.querySelector('textarea'), 'fontSize', 'backgroundColor', 'borderTopColor') })(
+            surface.querySelector(':scope > .setting-block[data-setting="tag-instructions"]')),
         operations: [...surface.querySelectorAll(':scope > .operation')].map(row => ({ tree: [...row.children].map(name),
             title: text(row.querySelector('h3')), description: text(row.querySelector('p')),
             actions: [...row.querySelectorAll('.row-actions > button')].map(item => [text(item), item.className]) })),
@@ -103,13 +132,21 @@ function measureTagging(mainSelector) {
  * The concept's Auto-tagging with the recorded deviations applied, for the fixture (all engines on disk, none loaded).
  * `phone` is a viewport at the concept's 700px breakpoint or below.
  */
-function mapTaggingConcept(reference, { template, phone }) {
+function mapTaggingConcept(reference, { builtin, saved, phone }) {
     const [model, existing, general, character] = reference.rows;
     const [preview] = reference.actions.buttons;
+    // D203: Built-in first, then the saved entries, in each default select.
+    const names = ['Built-in', ...saved.map(entry => entry.name)];
+    const defaultRow = (engine, long) => ({ ...existing,
+        text: [['label', `Default for ${long}`, `instruction-default-${engine}`], ['p', DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION, null]],
+        control: { ...existing.control, id: `instruction-default-${engine}`, options: names.map(label => [label, false]),
+            selected: names[1] } });
     return {
         ...reference,
-        // D133 adds a row after the thresholds; D134 adds the operation after the actions.
-        tree: [...reference.tree.slice(0, 6), 'div.setting-row', ...reference.tree.slice(6), 'div.operation'],
+        // D133 adds a row after the thresholds, D202 the Skipped tags block after it; D203 replaces the template field
+        // with Saved instructions, the two default rows and their note; D134 adds the operation after the actions.
+        tree: [...reference.tree.slice(0, 6), 'div.setting-row', 'div.setting-block', 'div.setting-block', 'div.setting-row',
+            'div.setting-row', 'p.instruction-reset.small', reference.tree[7], 'div.operation'],
         rows: [
             // D132 (OQ5, OQ6): the four real engines with their download size, and the chosen one's live status.
             { ...model, text: [model.text[0], ['p', 'Downloaded. Not loaded.', null]],
@@ -120,16 +157,49 @@ function mapTaggingConcept(reference, { template, phone }) {
             // D133: the persisted suggestion count, on the concept's number row.
             { ...general, text: [['label', 'Suggestions per image', 'tag-suggestions'], ['p', SUGGESTIONS, null]],
                 control: { ...general.control, id: 'tag-suggestions', value: '10' } },
+            // D203: the default of each language-model engine (the fixture's saved entry is both), on the concept's
+            // select row.
+            defaultRow('gguf', 'GGUF JoyCaption'), defaultRow('hf', 'HuggingFace JoyCaption'),
         ],
-        // The saved template (the server's default until one is saved) replaces the concept's sample text.
-        field: { ...reference.field, textarea: { ...reference.field.textarea, value: template } },
+        // D203: Saved instructions in the concept's setting-row tokens (as D202), Built-in selected and read-only.
+        instructions: { tree: ['div.setting-block-text', 'div.instructions-layout'], key: 'autotag_instructions',
+            text: [['label', 'Saved instructions'], ['p', `${INSTRUCTIONS_DESCRIPTION} ${saved.length} of 20 saved · Built\u2011in is not counted.`]],
+            list: [['Built-in', [['Read-only', 'chip']], 'true'],
+                ...saved.map((entry, index) => [entry.name, index === 0
+                    ? [['Default for GGUF', 'chip blue'], ['Default for HuggingFace', 'chip blue']] : [], 'false'])],
+            listRole: 'listbox',
+            actions: [['+ New', '', false], ['Duplicate', '', false], ['Delete', 'danger', true]],
+            editor: [['Name', 'Built-in', true], ['Text', builtin, true]],
+            note: 'Built-in instructions can’t be changed. Duplicate them to make your own.',
+            layout: phone ? 1 : 2,
+            paddingTop: reference.row.paddingTop, paddingBottom: reference.row.paddingBottom,
+            borderTopWidth: reference.row.borderTopWidth, borderTopColor: reference.row.borderTopColor,
+            label: reference.label,
+            textarea: { fontSize: reference.field.textarea.fontSize, backgroundColor: reference.field.textarea.backgroundColor,
+                borderTopColor: reference.field.textarea.borderTopColor } },
+        // D202 (#431): the Skipped tags block in the concept's setting-row tokens: its label and description as a row's,
+        // the row's padding and rule above, the concept's field input; an empty list says so.
+        skipped: { tree: ['div.setting-block-text', 'div.skip-add', 'p.skip-problem.small', 'div.skip-chips.tags', 'p.skip-preview.small'],
+            key: 'autotag_skipped_tags',
+            text: [['label', 'Skipped tags', 'tag-skipped-input'], ['p', SKIPPED_DESCRIPTION, null]],
+            add: [['input', 'tag-skipped-input', 'Add a word or words', ''], ['button', 'tag-skipped-add', null, 'Add']],
+            preview: ['No tags are skipped.', 'status'],
+            paddingTop: reference.row.paddingTop, paddingBottom: reference.row.paddingBottom,
+            borderTopWidth: reference.row.borderTopWidth, borderTopColor: reference.row.borderTopColor,
+            label: reference.label,
+            description: { fontSize: reference.description.fontSize, color: reference.description.color,
+                marginTop: reference.description.marginTop },
+            input: { fontSize: '12px', backgroundColor: reference.field.textarea.backgroundColor, color: reference.field.textarea.color,
+                borderTopColor: reference.field.textarea.borderTopColor } },
+        // D203: no template field.
+        field: null,
         // D132: Download (for an engine already on disk, "Download again") and Unload replace the two simulated jobs.
         actions: { ...reference.actions, buttons: [preview, ['Download again', ''], ['Unload', '']] },
         // D134: the prompt-tag batch, reviewed first.
         operations: [{ tree: ['div', 'div.row-actions'], title: 'Tag output images', description: BATCH, actions: [['Review', '']] }],
         // D132 (#398): every select shows its whole chosen option at every width (at 390 the concept's 120px cap cuts
         // them; production lets each grow past it).
-        selectsFit: reference.selectsFit.map(() => true),
+        selectsFit: [...reference.selectsFit, true, true].map(() => true),
     };
 }
 
@@ -153,7 +223,9 @@ async function productionTagging(page, theme) {
 async function savedTemplate(request, page) {
     const response = await request.get('/prompt_manager/settings');
     await expect(response).toBeOK();
-    return { template: (await response.json()).settings.autotag_template, phone: page.viewportSize().width <= 700 };
+    const { settings } = await response.json();
+    return { builtin: settings.autotag_builtin_instructions, saved: settings.autotag_instructions,
+        phone: page.viewportSize().width <= 700 };
 }
 
 for (const theme of THEMES) for (const [width, height] of SIZES) {
@@ -177,14 +249,15 @@ for (const theme of THEMES) for (const width of [390, 320]) {
         await page.locator('#workspace-main #tag-existing').selectOption('replace_after_review');
         await page.locator('#workspace-main section.surface').screenshot({ path: testInfo.outputPath(`production-tagging-selects-${theme}-${width}.png`) });
         const selects = page.locator('#workspace-main section.surface > .setting-row > select');
-        await expect(selects).toHaveCount(2);
-        for (let index = 0; index < 2; index += 1) {
+        // D203 adds the two per-engine default selects.
+        await expect(selects).toHaveCount(4);
+        for (let index = 0; index < 4; index += 1) {
             const select = selects.nth(index);
             const values = await select.evaluate(node => [...node.options].map(option => option.value));
             for (const value of values) {
                 await select.selectOption(value);
                 const measured = await page.evaluate(measureTagging, '#workspace-main');
-                expect(measured.selectsFit, `${await select.getAttribute('id')}=${value}`).toEqual([true, true]);
+                expect(measured.selectsFit, `${await select.getAttribute('id')}=${value}`).toEqual([true, true, true, true]);
                 expect(measured.pageScroll, value).toBe(false);
             }
         }
@@ -198,12 +271,16 @@ test('auto-tagging comparison detects mutations', async ({ page, request }) => {
     const expected = mapTaggingConcept(concept, saved);
     const production = await productionTagging(page, 'dark');
     expect(diffInventory(expected, production)).toEqual([]);
-    // Unmapped, the section differs only where D132, D133 and D134 are recorded (and the saved template's text).
-    expect(diffInventory(concept, production).map(item => item.path.split('.').slice(0, 3).join('.'))
+    // Unmapped, the section differs only where D132, D133, D134, D202 and D203 are recorded (and the saved template's text).
+    // (The concept has no Skipped tags block, so every path under it is one D202 difference.)
+    expect(diffInventory(concept, production).map(item => (/^(skipped|instructions|field)\b/.test(item.path) ? item.path.split('.')[0]
+        : item.path.split('.').slice(0, 3).join('.')))
         .filter((path, index, all) => all.indexOf(path) === index).sort()).toEqual([
-        'actions.buttons.1', 'actions.buttons.2', 'field.textarea.value', 'operations.0.actions', 'operations.0.description',
-        'operations.0.title', 'operations.0.tree', 'operations.length', 'rows.0.control', 'rows.0.text', 'rows.4.control', 'rows.4.controlBelow',
-        'rows.4.flexWrap', 'rows.4.text', 'rows.4.tree', 'rows.length', 'tree.6', 'tree.7', 'tree.8', 'tree.9', 'tree.length'].sort());
+        'actions.buttons.1', 'actions.buttons.2', 'field', 'instructions', 'operations.0.actions', 'operations.0.description',
+        'operations.0.title', 'operations.0.tree', 'operations.length', 'rows.0.control', 'rows.0.text',
+        ...[4, 5, 6].flatMap(row => ['control', 'controlBelow', 'flexWrap', 'text', 'tree'].map(key => `rows.${row}.${key}`)),
+        'rows.length', 'selectsFit.2', 'selectsFit.3', 'selectsFit.length', 'skipped',
+        ...Array.from({ length: 8 }, (_, index) => `tree.${index + 6}`), 'tree.length'].sort());
     const measure = () => page.evaluate(measureTagging, '#workspace-main');
     const paths = async () => diffInventory(expected, await measure()).map(item => item.path);
     // A removed row.
@@ -254,8 +331,8 @@ test('auto-tagging at 390 wraps only the engine row', async ({ page, request })
     const concept = await conceptTagging(page, 'dark');
     const production = await productionTagging(page, 'dark');
     expect(diffInventory(mapTaggingConcept(concept, await savedTemplate(request, page)), production)).toEqual([]);
-    expect(production.rows.map(row => row.flexWrap)).toEqual(['wrap', 'nowrap', 'nowrap', 'nowrap', 'nowrap']);
-    expect(production.selectsFit).toEqual([true, true]);
+    expect(production.rows.map(row => row.flexWrap)).toEqual(['wrap', 'nowrap', 'nowrap', 'nowrap', 'nowrap', 'nowrap', 'nowrap']);
+    expect(production.selectsFit).toEqual([true, true, true, true]);
 });
 
 /** Runs in the page: the open review dialog: its title, body and the concept's tokens. */

tests/browser/tagging-canonical-comparison.mjs

@@ -92,6 +92,8 @@ export function cardActionsInventory(card) {
     };
 }
 
+// #431: the fixture's saved "Describe the image" entry, the default of both engines (workspace_tagging_fixture.py).
+export const FIXTURE_INSTRUCTIONS_ID='d35c71be0a1e';
 // D84 (plan D61): the legacy engines' values, labels and sizes, GGUF JoyCaption in the concept's Ollama slot.
 const MODEL_LABELS=Object.freeze({'wd14-swinv2':['wd14-swinv2','WD14 SwinV2 · ~400 MB'],'wd14-vit':['wd14-vit','WD14 ViT · ~400 MB'],
     ollama:['gguf','GGUF JoyCaption (Recommended) · ~4.5 GB'],huggingface:['hf','HuggingFace JoyCaption · ~16 GB']});
@@ -106,17 +108,24 @@ const CONCEPT_LABELS=Object.freeze({'WD14 SwinV2 · fast classifier':'WD14 SwinV
  *   (`chip`: a concept `.chip` inventory, the heading's size chip) around the row's own text (12px) in the checked
  *   row's colours (accent border, `--soft-blue`);
  * - D84 (plan D61): the legacy engine labels and values, and the server's default instructions (`instructions`);
+ * - D204 (#431): a "Saved instructions" select (`picker`: its value and options) before the instructions, on the
+ *   concept's select field tokens;
  * - D91 (plan D68): a Suggestions count field after the model's own fields, on the concept's number field tokens
  *   (`numberField`: the concept's General confidence field) with the configured count (`limit`);
  * - D29: the prototype's "Sample suggestions from …" status reads "Suggestions from …".
  * The opened state is compared unmapped: both show the concept's on-screen "Generate suggestions with the selected
  * model before approving." (its renderTagModelOptions, a1062–1076, replaces the markup's sentence at once).
  */
-export function mapConceptTagging(reference,{instructions,limit=10,chip,numberField}) {
+export function mapConceptTagging(reference,{instructions,limit=10,chip,numberField,
+    picker={value:FIXTURE_INSTRUCTIONS_ID,options:[['builtin','Built-in'],[FIXTURE_INSTRUCTIONS_ID,`${instructions} · default`]]}}) {
     const [select,...own]=reference.modelPanel.fields;
+    // D204 (#431): a "Saved instructions" select on the concept's select field, before the instructions.
+    const pickField={...select,label:'Saved instructions',control:{...select.control,id:'image-tag-instructions-pick',
+        value:picker.value,options:picker.options}};
     const suggestionsField={...numberField,label:'Suggestions',control:{...numberField.control,id:'image-suggestion-limit',
         value:String(limit),min:'1',max:'100',step:'1'}};
-    const mappedOwn=own.map(field=>field.control.id==='image-tag-instructions'?{...field,control:{...field.control,value:instructions}}:field);
+    const mappedOwn=own.flatMap(field=>field.control.id==='image-tag-instructions'
+        ?[pickField,{...field,control:{...field.control,value:instructions}}]:[field]);
     const rows=reference.suggestions.rows.map(row=>({...row,
         control:row.control?.kind==='checkbox'&&row.control.checked?{kind:'remove',label:`Remove ${row.name}`}:row.control,
         borderTopLeftRadius:chip.borderTopLeftRadius}));

tests/browser/workspace-system-backups.spec.mjs

@@ -284,6 +284,23 @@ test('a restore seen finishing elsewhere closes an open restore review and disca
     expect((await serverJson(request, '/__test__/system/backups')).stages).toBe(0);
 });
 
+// #583: in WebKit, while a page.route is armed, a file part of a FormData body is read only when the request goes on;
+// a garbage collection in between dropped the form once nothing referenced it, and the server got an empty file
+// ("Uploaded file is empty"). The page keeps the form until its upload is answered. The route holds the upload
+// through a collection; without the fix WebKit lost the file every time (0/10 in the pinned image). Chromium and
+// Firefox keep the body anyway, so there it only checks that a held upload still opens the review.
+test('a review upload survives a garbage collection while it is in flight', async ({ page, request }) => {
+    const bytes = await backupBytes(request);
+    await page.route(`**${PREVIEW_URL}`, async route => {
+        await page.requestGC();
+        await route.continue();
+    });
+    await openBackups(page);
+    expect((await chooseBackup(page, bytes)).status()).toBe(200);
+    await expect(dialog(page).locator('#modal-title')).toHaveText('Restore preview');
+    expect((await serverJson(request, '/__test__/system/backups')).stages).toBe(1);
+});
+
 test('invalid file shows the validator message; nothing is staged', async ({ page, request }) => {
     const before = await serverJson(request, '/__test__/system/digest');
     await openBackups(page);

tests/browser/workspace-system-maintenance.spec.mjs

@@ -64,7 +64,9 @@ test('the section shows the concept rows; Metadata cache follows Q5 (D102)', asy
             item.querySelector('.row-actions > button').textContent, item.querySelector('.row-actions > button').className]),
     ]))).toEqual([
         ['Database', [['Integrity & relationship checks', 'Check', ''], ['Duplicate prompt text', 'Review plan', ''],
-            ['Optimize database', 'Review plan', ''], ['Unused prompt components', 'Review plan', 'danger']]],
+            ['Optimize database', 'Review plan', ''], ['Unused prompt components', 'Review plan', 'danger'],
+            // D192 (#550): beyond the concept.
+            ['Pair category and tags', 'Review plan', '']]],
         ['Images & cache', [['Missing-file links', 'Review plan', 'danger'], ['Duplicate image files', 'Find duplicates', ''],
             ['Thumbnail cache', 'Review options', ''], ['Metadata cache', 'Review plan', '']]],
     ]);
@@ -177,6 +179,70 @@ test("plan dialog shows the server's scope, protected, backup policy and media l
         expect(await serverJson(request, '/__test__/system/digest')).toEqual(before);
     });
 
+test('D192: Pair category and tags reviews old Pair prompts, keeps an edited one and fills the other (#550)',
+    async ({ page, request }) => {
+        await expect(await request.post('/__test__/system/pair-metadata')).toBeOK();
+        const answers = [];
+        page.on('response', response => { if (response.url().endsWith(PREVIEW_URL)) answers.push(response.json()); });
+        await openMaintenance(page);
+        const pairRow = row(page, 'Pair category and tags');
+        await expect(pairRow.locator('p')).toHaveText('Fill an empty category or tags on prompts older Pair node runs saved, ' +
+            'from their saved pairs. Only empty fields of never-edited prompts.');
+        await pairRow.getByRole('button', { name: 'Review plan', exact: true }).click();
+        const plan = dialog(page);
+        await expect(plan.locator('#modal-body > h3')).toHaveText('Pair category and tags');
+        const answer = await answers[0];
+        expect(answer.operation).toBe('pair_metadata');
+        expect(await gridOf(page)).toEqual([
+            ['Scope', '1 prompt to fill: 1 category, 1 tag set'],
+            ['Protected', '1 edited after it was saved'],
+            ['Backup', `Create and verify before changes (${answer.backup.destination_label})`],
+            ['Media on disk', 'No image file or saved pair is changed.'],
+        ]);
+        await expect(plan.locator('details > summary')).toHaveText('Listed records (3)');
+        await plan.locator('details > summary').click();
+        // Protected rows come first, the Record row last.
+        const lines = (await plan.locator('details > pre').textContent()).split('\n');
+        expect(lines).toHaveLength(3);
+        expect(lines[0]).toBe('S550 harbor · Kept: edited after it was saved; its empty category or tags may be intentional');
+        expect(lines[1]).toMatch(/^S550 lantern · Fills category “night” and 2 tags: s550-glow, s550-warm \(pair \d+\)$/);
+        expect(lines[2]).toMatch(/^Record · The job's report lists every filled field\. Download it to keep it/);
+        await plan.getByRole('button', { name: 'Apply reviewed operation', exact: true }).click();
+        await expect(dialog(page)).toHaveCount(0);
+        await expect(page).toHaveURL(/#\/activity\/[0-9a-f]{32}$/);
+        const job = await ended(request, page.url().split('/').pop());
+        expect([job.title, job.state, job.counters.changed, job.counters.protected])
+            .toEqual(['Pair category and tags', 'finished', 1, 1]);
+        const main = page.locator('#workspace-main');
+        await expect(main.locator('h1')).toHaveText('Pair category and tags');
+        await expect(main.getByRole('button', { name: 'Download report', exact: true })).toBeVisible();
+        // #550 live test: the Changed group lists the path-less record rows as plain text, never an open action.
+        const results = main.getByRole('region', { name: 'Results', exact: true });
+        await results.locator('.outcome-list > button').filter({ hasText: 'Changed' }).click();
+        const records = results.locator('.outcome-files > .file-row');
+        await expect(records).toHaveCount(1);
+        await expect(records.first()).toHaveText(/^Prompt \d+: category “night”; tags s550-glow, s550-warm$/);
+        expect(await records.first().evaluate(node => node.localName)).toBe('div');
+        await expect(results.locator('.outcome-files button')).toHaveCount(0);
+        await expect(results.getByRole('searchbox', { name: 'Filter results' })).toHaveAttribute('placeholder', 'Filter records…');
+        // Protected lists each kept prompt with the review's reason (#550 live re-check).
+        await results.locator('.outcome-list > button').filter({ hasText: 'Protected' }).click();
+        await expect(records).toHaveCount(1);
+        await expect(records.first()).toHaveText(
+            /^Prompt \d+: kept, edited after it was saved; its empty category or tags may be intentional$/);
+        // An empty group says records, not files.
+        await results.locator('.outcome-list > button').filter({ hasText: 'Errors' }).click();
+        await expect(results.locator('.outcome-files > p.empty-state')).toHaveText('No records in this group.');
+        const library = await serverJson(request, '/prompt_manager/library');
+        const lantern = library.items.find(item => item.text === 'S550 lantern');
+        const harbor = library.items.find(item => item.text === 'S550 harbor');
+        const filled = (await serverJson(request, `/prompt_manager/library/${lantern.id}?archive=all`)).positive;
+        expect([filled.category, [...filled.tags].sort()]).toEqual(['night', ['s550-glow', 's550-warm']]);
+        expect((await serverJson(request, `/prompt_manager/library/${harbor.id}?archive=all`)).positive.category).toBeFalsy();
+        await page.goto(`${workspace}#/library`);
+        await expect(page.locator(`article[data-prompt-id="${lantern.id}"] .card-title > .chip`)).toHaveText('night');
+    });
+
 test('a plan with nothing to do shows only Close, never Apply', async ({ page, request }) => {
     const applies = [];
     page.on('request', item => { if (item.url().endsWith(APPLY_URL)) applies.push(item.url()); });

tests/browser/workspace-system-tagging.spec.mjs

@@ -112,13 +112,14 @@ test('model options are the four real engines with size and the description show
     await expect(status(page)).toHaveText('Unsaved changes.');
     // The other rows keep the concept's copy and the saved values (D133 adds Suggestions per image).
     expect(await surface(page).locator(':scope > .setting-row label').allTextContents()).toEqual(['Tagging model', 'Existing tags',
-        'General-tag confidence', 'Character-tag confidence', 'Suggestions per image']);
+        'General-tag confidence', 'Character-tag confidence', 'Suggestions per image', 'Default for GGUF JoyCaption',
+        'Default for HuggingFace JoyCaption']);
     await expect(page.locator('#tag-existing')).toHaveValue('skip');
     await expect(page.locator('#threshold-general')).toHaveValue('0.35');
     await expect(page.locator('#threshold-character')).toHaveValue('0.85');
     await expect(page.locator('#tag-suggestions')).toHaveValue('10');
-    const settings = await serverJson(request, SETTINGS_URL);
-    await expect(page.locator('#tag-template')).toHaveValue(settings.settings.autotag_template);
+    // D203 (#431): Saved instructions replace the template field.
+    await expect(page.locator('#tag-template')).toHaveCount(0);
     // Unload is offered only while a model is loaded (none is).
     await expect(actionOf(page, 'Unload')).toBeDisabled();
 });
@@ -418,3 +419,156 @@ test('a model that is not downloaded cannot be reviewed for a batch; the button
     await expect(dialog(page)).toHaveCount(0);
     expect(page.modelCalls.filter(call => call.includes('/batch/preview'))).toEqual([]);
 });
+
+// D202 (#431): Skipped tags: add (button and Enter), the preview over the library's tags and the WD14 label list, the
+// per-chip counts, remove, Save preferences and a reload; a list the server refuses highlights the block.
+const SKIPPED_PREVIEW = '/prompt_manager/autotag/skipped-tags/preview';
+const skippedBlock = page => surface(page).locator(':scope > .setting-block[data-setting="tag-skipped"]');
+const skippedInput = page => page.locator('#tag-skipped-input');
+const skippedChips = page => skippedBlock(page).locator('.skip-chips .chip.tag-suggestion');
+const skippedPreview = page => skippedBlock(page).locator('.skip-preview');
+
+test('skipped tags add, preview, remove, save and reload (D202)', async ({ page, request }) => {
+    await openTagging(page);
+    await expect(skippedBlock(page).locator('label')).toHaveText('Skipped tags');
+    await expect(skippedBlock(page)).toHaveAttribute('data-key', 'autotag_skipped_tags');
+    await expect(skippedPreview(page)).toHaveText('No tags are skipped.');
+    await expect(skippedPreview(page)).toHaveAttribute('role', 'status');
+    // The label list on disk (blurry, blurry_background, signature, …) and the library tags (warm_light, …).
+    let answer = page.waitForResponse(item => item.url().endsWith(SKIPPED_PREVIEW));
+    await skippedInput(page).fill('blurry');
+    await skippedInput(page).press('Enter');
+    expect((await answer).status()).toBe(200);
+    await expect(skippedInput(page)).toHaveValue('');
+    await expect(skippedPreview(page)).toHaveText('Hides 2 tags from suggestions: blurry, blurry_background. '
+        + 'Tags already on images are not changed.');
+    answer = page.waitForResponse(item => item.url().endsWith(SKIPPED_PREVIEW));
+    await skippedInput(page).fill('light');
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Add', exact: true }).click();
+    await answer;
+    await expect(skippedPreview(page)).toHaveText('Hides 3 tags from suggestions: warm_light, blurry, blurry_background. '
+        + 'Tags already on images are not changed.');
+    await expect(skippedChips(page)).toHaveText(['blurry2×', 'light1×']);
+    await expect(skippedChips(page).first()).toHaveAttribute('title', 'Hides 2 tags');
+    // An entry that hides nothing is muted; a duplicate is not added and the line under the input says so.
+    answer = page.waitForResponse(item => item.url().endsWith(SKIPPED_PREVIEW));
+    await skippedInput(page).fill('zebra');
+    await skippedInput(page).press('Enter');
+    await answer;
+    await expect(skippedChips(page).last()).toHaveClass(/\bnone\b/);
+    await expect(skippedChips(page).last()).toHaveAttribute('title', 'Hides no known tag');
+    await skippedInput(page).fill('Blurry');
+    await skippedInput(page).press('Enter');
+    await expect(page.locator('#tag-skipped-problem')).toHaveText('Already in the list.');
+    await expect(skippedInput(page)).toHaveAttribute('aria-invalid', 'true');
+    await skippedInput(page).fill('a, b');
+    await skippedInput(page).press('Enter');
+    await expect(page.locator('#tag-skipped-problem')).toHaveText('No commas or line breaks.');
+    // Remove zebra, then save.
+    await skippedChips(page).last().getByRole('button', { name: 'Remove zebra', exact: true }).click();
+    await expect(skippedChips(page)).toHaveCount(2);
+    await expect(status(page)).toHaveText('Unsaved changes.');
+    await save(page).click();
+    await expect(status(page)).toHaveText('Saved to the server configuration.');
+    expect((await serverJson(request, SETTINGS_URL)).settings.autotag_skipped_tags).toEqual(['blurry', 'light']);
+    await openTagging(page);
+    await expect(skippedChips(page)).toHaveText(['blurry2×', 'light1×']);
+    // Removing a chip and adding it back is no change.
+    await skippedChips(page).last().getByRole('button', { name: 'Remove light', exact: true }).click();
+    await expect(status(page)).toHaveText('Unsaved changes.');
+    await skippedInput(page).fill('light');
+    await skippedInput(page).press('Enter');
+    await expect(status(page)).toHaveText('No unsaved changes.');
+});
+
+test('skipped tags preview checks library tags only without a label list, and a refused save highlights it', async ({ page, request }) => {
+    await expect(await request.post('/__test__/tagging/defaults', { data: { general: 0.35, character: 0.85, limit: 10,
+        labels: false } })).toBeOK();
+    await openTagging(page);
+    const answer = page.waitForResponse(item => item.url().endsWith(SKIPPED_PREVIEW));
+    await skippedInput(page).fill('blurry');
+    await skippedInput(page).press('Enter');
+    await answer;
+    await expect(skippedPreview(page)).toHaveText('Hides 0 tags from suggestions. Checked against library tags only; no WD14 '
+        + 'label list is downloaded. Tags already on images are not changed.');
+    // The server is the authority: a list it refuses keeps the draft, says why and highlights the block.
+    await page.route(`**${SETTINGS_URL}`, route => (route.request().method() === 'POST'
+        ? route.fulfill({ status: 400, contentType: 'application/json',
+            body: JSON.stringify({ success: false, error: 'Skipped tags: entry 1 is empty.' }) })
+        : route.fallback()));
+    await save(page).click();
+    await expect(status(page)).toHaveText('Skipped tags: entry 1 is empty.');
+    await expect(skippedBlock(page)).toHaveAttribute('aria-invalid', 'true');
+    await page.unrouteAll({ behavior: 'ignoreErrors' });
+});
+
+// D203 (#431): Saved instructions: Built-in read-only, New, edit, per-engine defaults, Delete resets a default, Save
+// preferences and a reload; the server pairs the two keys. D205: the batch review names the engine's default.
+const instructionOption = (page, name) => page.locator('#instruction-list [role="option"]').filter({ has: page.locator(`span:text-is("${name}")`) });
+
+test('saved instructions: new, edit, per-engine default, delete, save and reload (D203)', async ({ page, request }) => {
+    await openTagging(page);
+    const settings = (await serverJson(request, SETTINGS_URL)).settings;
+    await expect(page.locator('#instructions-count')).toHaveText('1 of 20 saved · Built\u2011in is not counted.');
+    await expect(page.locator('#instruction-list [role="option"] > span:first-child')).toHaveText(['Built-in', 'Describe the image']);
+    await expect(page.locator('#instruction-name')).toHaveValue('Built-in');
+    await expect(page.locator('#instruction-text')).toHaveValue(settings.autotag_builtin_instructions);
+    await expect(page.locator('#instruction-text')).toHaveAttribute('readonly', '');
+    await expect(page.locator('#instruction-delete')).toBeDisabled();
+    await expect(page.locator('#instruction-default-gguf')).toHaveValue(settings.autotag_instructions[0].id);
+    // + New, then name and text it, and make it HuggingFace's default.
+    await page.locator('#instruction-new').click();
+    await expect(page.locator('#instruction-name')).toHaveValue('New instructions');
+    await expect(page.locator('#instruction-note')).toHaveText('The text must not be empty.');
+    await page.locator('#instruction-name').fill('Photo realism');
+    await page.locator('#instruction-text').fill('Tag camera angle and lighting.');
+    await expect(page.locator('#instruction-text').locator('xpath=..').locator('label .muted')).toHaveText('30 of 4,000 characters');
+    await page.locator('#instruction-default-hf').selectOption({ label: 'Photo realism' });
+    await expect(instructionOption(page, 'Photo realism').locator('.chip')).toHaveText(['Default for HuggingFace']);
+    await expect(status(page)).toHaveText('Unsaved changes.');
+    await save(page).click();
+    await expect(status(page)).toHaveText('Saved to the server configuration.');
+    let saved = (await serverJson(request, SETTINGS_URL)).settings;
+    expect(saved.autotag_instructions.map(entry => [entry.name, entry.text])).toEqual([['Describe the image', 'Describe the image'],
+        ['Photo realism', 'Tag camera angle and lighting.']]);
+    expect(saved.autotag_default_instructions.hf).toBe(saved.autotag_instructions[1].id);
+    // A reload shows the saved list; deleting GGUF's default resets it to Built-in and says so.
+    await openTagging(page);
+    await instructionOption(page, 'Describe the image').click();
+    await page.locator('#instruction-delete').click();
+    await expect(page.locator('#instruction-reset')).toHaveText('GGUF now uses Built-in.');
+    await expect(page.locator('#instruction-default-gguf')).toHaveValue('builtin');
+    await save(page).click();
+    await expect(status(page)).toHaveText('Saved to the server configuration.');
+    saved = (await serverJson(request, SETTINGS_URL)).settings;
+    expect(saved.autotag_instructions.map(entry => entry.name)).toEqual(['Photo realism']);
+    expect(saved.autotag_default_instructions.gguf).toBe('builtin');
+    expect(saved.autotag_template).toBe(saved.autotag_builtin_instructions);
+});
+
+test('a refused instructions save names the entry and highlights the block (D203)', async ({ page }) => {
+    await openTagging(page);
+    await page.locator('#instruction-duplicate').click();
+    await page.locator('#instruction-name').fill('describe the IMAGE');
+    await expect(page.locator('#instruction-note')).toHaveText('The name “describe the IMAGE” is already used.');
+    await save(page).click();
+    await expect(status(page)).toHaveText('Saved instructions: entry 2 name “describe the IMAGE” is already used.');
+    await expect(surface(page).locator('.setting-block[data-setting="tag-instructions"]')).toHaveAttribute('aria-invalid', 'true');
+});
+
+test('the batch review names the language model\'s default instructions (D205)', async ({ page }) => {
+    await openTagging(page);
+    await page.locator('#tag-model').selectOption('gguf');
+    await page.locator('#tag-existing').selectOption('merge');
+    const answer = page.waitForResponse(item => item.url().endsWith(PREVIEW_URL));
+    await reviewButton(page).click();
+    await answer;
+    await expect(dialog(page).locator('#modal-title')).toHaveText('Review tag output images');
+    const grid = await gridOf(page);
+    expect(grid.slice(-3)).toEqual([['Instructions', 'Describe the image'], ['Settings', 'Up to 10 tags per image'],
+        grid.at(-1)]);
+    // The batch sends the default's text.
+    const start = page.waitForRequest(item => item.url().endsWith('/prompt_manager/jobs/autotag'));
+    await dialog(page).getByRole('button', { name: 'Start tagging', exact: true }).click();
+    expect((await start).postDataJSON().options).toEqual({ instructions: 'Describe the image' });
+});

tests/browser/workspace-tagging-bulk.spec.mjs

@@ -341,3 +341,21 @@ test('a running scan makes the start report busy', async ({ page, request }) =>
         await request.post(`/__test__/jobs/${scan.job.id}/finish`, { data: { state: 'finished' } });
     }
 });
+
+// D204 (#431): Auto-tag selected has the same picker; the job sends the text the dialog shows.
+test('Auto-tag selected picks saved instructions and sends the text shown (D204)', async ({ page }) => {
+    await select(page, FIRST);
+    await barButton(page, 'Auto-tag selected').click();
+    await expect(title(page)).toHaveText('Auto-tag selected images');
+    const body = modal(page).locator('#modal-body');
+    await body.getByRole('combobox', { name: 'Tagging model', exact: true }).selectOption('gguf');
+    const pick = body.getByRole('combobox', { name: 'Saved instructions', exact: true });
+    await expect(pick).toHaveAttribute('id', 'bulk-tag-instructions-pick');
+    await expect(pick.locator('option')).toHaveText(['Built-in', 'Describe the image · default']);
+    const text = body.getByRole('textbox', { name: 'Tagging instructions', exact: true });
+    await text.fill('Bulk one-off.');
+    await expect(pick.locator('option:checked')).toHaveText('Edited for this run');
+    const started = jobStart(page);
+    await actionButtons(page).filter({ hasText: 'Start auto-tagging' }).click();
+    expect((await started).postDataJSON().options.instructions).toBe('Bulk one-off.');
+});

tests/browser/workspace-tagging.spec.mjs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import { startCoverage, saveCoverage } from '../../tools/vendor/browser-coverage.mjs';
 import { test, expect } from './fixtures.mjs';
 import { saveImageTags } from './concept-inventory.mjs';
-import { taggingInventory } from './tagging-canonical-comparison.mjs';
+import { FIXTURE_INSTRUCTIONS_ID, taggingInventory } from './tagging-canonical-comparison.mjs';
 
 const images = '/prompt_manager/workspace#/images';
 const MODULE = '/prompt_manager/js/workspace/image-tagging.mjs';
@@ -849,3 +849,61 @@ test('a failed listing re-read after a save says so and keeps the cards (M2)', a
     await expect(page.locator('#gallery-continuation [aria-disabled="true"]')).toHaveCount(0);
     await page.unroute(failing);
 });
+
+// #431: the saved Skipped tags hide matching suggestions before the limit (WD14 fills it from lower scores), and the
+// chip hint says how many were not suggested.
+test('suggestions omit skipped tags and say how many were hidden', async ({ page, request }) => {
+    await expect(await request.post('/__test__/tagging/defaults', { data: { general: 0.35, character: 0.85, limit: 4,
+        skipped: ['desert', 'rock'] } })).toBeOK();
+    await openTag(page);
+    const answer = await (await generated(page)).json();
+    expect(answer.skipped).toBe(2);
+    await expect(chips(page).locator(':scope > span:first-child')).toHaveText(['sandstone', 'arch', 'sky', 'dune']);
+    await expect(dialog(page).locator('#tag-suggestions > p.small')).toHaveText(`${CHIP_HINT} 2 skipped tags were not suggested.`);
+});
+
+// D204 (#431): the Saved instructions select above Tagging instructions: the engine default, a pick, a one-off edit
+// ("Edited for this run" and the muted note), an engine switch resets, WD14 hides both; Generate sends the text shown.
+test('the saved instructions picker fills, edits one-off and resets per engine (D204)', async ({ page, request }) => {
+    const settings = await (await request.get('/prompt_manager/settings')).json();
+    const builtin = settings.settings.autotag_builtin_instructions;
+    await openTag(page);
+    const options = dialog(page).locator('#image-tag-model-options');
+    const pick = options.getByRole('combobox', { name: 'Saved instructions', exact: true });
+    const text = options.getByRole('textbox', { name: 'Tagging instructions', exact: true });
+    const note = options.locator('.instructions-edited');
+    await expect(pick).toHaveCount(0);
+    await model(page).selectOption('gguf');
+    await expect(pick.locator('option')).toHaveText(['Built-in', 'Describe the image · default']);
+    await expect(pick).toHaveAttribute('id', 'image-tag-instructions-pick');
+    await expect(text).toHaveValue('Describe the image');
+    await expect(note).toBeHidden();
+    // A keyboard pick (the select focused) keeps focus on the select the fields are re-rendered with.
+    await pick.focus();
+    await pick.selectOption('builtin');
+    await expect(text).toHaveValue(builtin);
+    await expect(pick).toBeFocused();
+    await text.fill('Only the sky.');
+    await expect(text).toHaveAttribute('aria-describedby', 'image-tag-instructions-pick-note');
+    await expect(pick.locator('option:checked')).toHaveText('Edited for this run');
+    await expect(pick.locator('option[value="edited"]')).toBeDisabled();
+    await expect(note).toHaveText('Edits apply to this run only. Manage saved instructions in System › Auto-tagging.');
+    await expect(text).toBeFocused();
+    // Generate sends the edited text; the saved entries are unchanged.
+    const sent = page.waitForRequest(item => item.url().endsWith('/image-annotations/suggest'));
+    await generate(page).click();
+    expect((await sent).postDataJSON().options.instructions).toBe('Only the sky.');
+    // Choosing an entry replaces the edit; switching engines starts from the new engine's default.
+    await pick.selectOption('builtin');
+    await expect(text).toHaveValue(builtin);
+    await expect(note).toBeHidden();
+    await text.fill('Edited again.');
+    await model(page).selectOption('hf');
+    await expect(text).toHaveValue('Describe the image');
+    await expect(pick).toHaveValue(FIXTURE_INSTRUCTIONS_ID);
+    await model(page).selectOption('wd14-vit');
+    await expect(pick).toHaveCount(0);
+    await expect(text).toHaveCount(0);
+    expect((await (await request.get('/prompt_manager/settings')).json()).settings.autotag_instructions)
+        .toEqual(settings.settings.autotag_instructions);
+});

tests/browser/workspace_system_fixture.py

@@ -41,6 +41,11 @@ read. These per-server hooks only change what a System test needs on top:
 - ``POST /__test__/system/duplicate-prompts`` (S7) adds two prompts whose
   text differs only in case and spacing (a duplicate prompt text group);
   ``{"again": true}`` adds a third, so a reviewed plan no longer matches;
+- ``POST /__test__/system/pair-metadata`` (#550) saves two saved pairs the
+  way the Pair node did before #546 (the pair holds the category and tags,
+  its new positive prompt none): ``S550 lantern`` (category ``night``, tags
+  ``s550-glow``, ``s550-warm``) fills; ``S550 harbor`` was edited after it was
+  saved, so the plan keeps it;
 - ``POST /__test__/system/duplicate-files`` (S7) writes one PNG's bytes three
   times: ``output/s7-dupes/same.png``, ``input/s7-dupes/same.png`` (the same
   relative path in the other source) and ``output/s7-dupes/copy.png``;
@@ -344,6 +349,25 @@ def register_system_commands(app, routes, api, root: Path):
             conn.commit()
         return web.json_response({"success": True})
 
+    @routes.post("/__test__/system/pair-metadata")
+    async def pair_metadata(request):
+        def seed():
+            api.db.save_prompt_pair(
+                "S550 lantern",
+                "S550 blurry",
+                category="night",
+                tags=["s550-glow", "s550-warm"],
+            )
+            api.db.save_prompt_pair("S550 harbor", category="night")
+            with api.db.model.get_connection() as conn:
+                conn.execute(
+                    "UPDATE prompts SET updated_at='2099-01-01T00:00:00+00:00' "
+                    "WHERE text='S550 harbor'"
+                )
+
+        await api._run_in_executor(seed)
+        return web.json_response({"success": True})
+
     @routes.post("/__test__/system/duplicate-files")
     async def duplicate_files(request):
         body = await request.json() if request.can_read_body else {}

tests/browser/workspace_tagging_fixture.py

@@ -226,6 +226,7 @@ def register_tagging_commands(
         return download["result"]
 
     _set_defaults(model, DEFAULTS)  # the server starts on the standard ones
+    _write_labels(model, True)
 
     @routes.post("/__test__/tagging/reset")
     async def reset(request: web.Request) -> web.Response:
@@ -244,6 +245,7 @@ def register_tagging_commands(
         model.loaded = None
         restore_download()
         _set_defaults(model, DEFAULTS)
+        await api._run_in_executor(_write_labels, model, True)
         # A test that ends with the dialog open leaves its capture behind; drop
         # every capture so the next test starts below the store's limits.
         await api._run_in_executor(api.close_annotation_captures)
@@ -353,13 +355,22 @@ def register_tagging_commands(
 
         ``{"general": g, "character": c, "limit": n}``: the WD14 thresholds
         (in [0, 1]) and the persisted suggestion count (1..100), so a test can
-        tell the server's values from the dialog's built-in ones. Reset
-        restores the standard 0.35 / 0.85 / 10.
+        tell the server's values from the dialog's built-in ones. Optional
+        ``skipped`` sets the saved Skipped tags (#431) and ``labels`` (true or
+        false) writes or removes the fake WD14 SwinV2 label list the Skipped
+        tags preview reads. Reset restores the standard 0.35 / 0.85 / 10, no
+        skipped tags and the label list.
         """
         data = await request.json() if request.can_read_body else None
         if request.query or not _valid_defaults(data):
             raise web.HTTPBadRequest()
         _set_defaults(model, (data["general"], data["character"], data["limit"]))
+        if "skipped" in data:
+            from py.config import AutotagConfig
+
+            AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS = tuple(data["skipped"])
+        if "labels" in data:
+            await api._run_in_executor(_write_labels, model, data["labels"])
         return web.json_response({"success": True})
 
     @routes.get("/__test__/tagging/captures")
@@ -380,10 +391,15 @@ DOWNLOAD_HOLD_LIMIT_S = 60
 DEFAULTS = (0.35, 0.85, 10)
 
 
+# The saved "Describe the image" entry's id (#431).
+FIXTURE_INSTRUCTIONS_ID = "d35c71be0a1e"
+
+
 def _set_defaults(model, values) -> None:
     """Set the saved tagging defaults (``AutotagConfig``, #328); a reset also
-    puts back the saved model, batch policy and template (the fake model's
-    short instructions, which the concept comparisons show)."""
+    puts back the saved model, batch policy, skipped tags and instructions
+    (the fake model's short instructions, which the concept comparisons
+    show)."""
     from py.config import AutotagConfig
 
     general, character, limit = values
@@ -393,7 +409,48 @@ def _set_defaults(model, values) -> None:
     if values == DEFAULTS:
         AutotagConfig.MODEL_TYPE = "wd14-swinv2"
         AutotagConfig.EXISTING = "skip"
-        AutotagConfig.TEMPLATE = model.default_prompt
+        # #431: Built-in is always the shipped text, so the fake model's short
+        # instructions are a saved entry, the default of both engines (the
+        # concept comparisons show it).
+        AutotagConfig.INSTRUCTIONS = (
+            {
+                "id": FIXTURE_INSTRUCTIONS_ID,
+                "name": model.default_prompt,
+                "text": model.default_prompt,
+            },
+        )
+        AutotagConfig.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS = {
+            "gguf": FIXTURE_INSTRUCTIONS_ID,
+            "hf": FIXTURE_INSTRUCTIONS_ID,
+        }
+        AutotagConfig._LEGACY_TEMPLATE = None
+        AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS = ()
+
+
+# The fake WD14 SwinV2 label list (general 0, character 4, rating 9): the
+# names the Skipped tags preview checks beside the library's tags (#431).
+FAKE_LABELS = (
+    ("blurry", "0"),
+    ("blurry_background", "0"),
+    ("signature", "0"),
+    ("watermark", "0"),
+    ("t-shirt", "0"),
+    ("half-closed_eyes", "0"),
+    ("saber_(fate)", "4"),
+    ("general", "9"),
+)
+
+
+def _write_labels(model, present: bool) -> None:
+    """Write (or remove) the fake label list under the fake models folder."""
+    path = Path(model.models_dir) / "WD14-SwinV2" / "selected_tags.csv"
+    if not present:
+        path.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+        return
+    path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    lines = ["tag_id,name,category,count"]
+    lines += [f"{i},{name},{cat},1" for i, (name, cat) in enumerate(FAKE_LABELS)]
+    path.write_text("\n".join(lines) + "\n", encoding="utf-8")
 
 
 def _valid_defaults(data: object) -> bool:
@@ -402,9 +459,20 @@ def _valid_defaults(data: object) -> bool:
         and not isinstance(value, bool)
         and 0 <= value <= 1
     )
+    optional = {"skipped", "labels"}
+    if isinstance(data, dict) and "skipped" in data:
+        try:
+            from py.tagging_defaults import validate_skipped_tags
+
+            validate_skipped_tags(data["skipped"])
+        except ValueError:
+            return False
+    if isinstance(data, dict) and not isinstance(data.get("labels", True), bool):
+        return False
     return (
         isinstance(data, dict)
-        and set(data) == {"general", "character", "limit"}
+        and {"general", "character", "limit"} <= set(data)
+        and set(data) <= {"general", "character", "limit"} | optional
         and unit(data["general"])
         and unit(data["character"])
         and type(data["limit"]) is int

tests/comfyui/prompt-sender.spec.mjs

@@ -131,11 +131,40 @@ test('native image inspector previews and sends a pair into real visible widgets
         const twinId=await page.evaluate(async()=>{const {app}=await import('/scripts/app.js');const node=LiteGraph.createNode('PromptManagerPair');app.graph.add(node);return node.id;});
         await find0.click();
         const targets=sender.getByRole('combobox',{name:'Destination node',exact:true});
-        await expect(targets.locator('option')).toHaveCount(3);
+        await expect(targets.locator('option')).toHaveCount(4);
         await expect(targets).toHaveValue('');
         await expect(apply).toBeDisabled();
         await expect(targets.locator('option').nth(2)).toHaveText(new RegExp(`^#${twinId} `));
-        await page.evaluate(async twinId=>{const {app}=await import('/scripts/app.js');app.graph.remove(app.graph.getNodeById(twinId));},twinId);
+        // #542 D191: "All 2 eligible nodes" writes both real nodes, one after another; a linked third node is not offered.
+        const linkedId=await page.evaluate(async()=>{
+            const {app}=await import('/scripts/app.js');const {convertToInput}=await import('/extensions/core/widgetInputs.js');
+            const node=LiteGraph.createNode('PromptManagerPair');app.graph.add(node);
+            const widget=node.widgets.find(widget=>widget.name==='text');
+            if(!node.inputs.some(input=>input.name==='text'))convertToInput(node,widget);
+            const source=LiteGraph.createNode('PrimitiveString');app.graph.add(source);
+            source.connect(0,node,node.inputs.findIndex(input=>input.name==='text'));
+            for(const each of app.graph._nodes.filter(item=>item.type==='PromptManagerPair')){const text=each.widgets.find(widget=>widget.name==='text');if(text)text.value=`Before all ${each.id}`;}
+            return node.id;
+        });
+        await find0.click();
+        await expect(targets.locator('option')).toHaveText(['Choose a destination node',new RegExp(`^#${id} `),new RegExp(`^#${twinId} `),'All 2 eligible nodes']);
+        await expect(sender.getByRole('status')).toContainText('1 other Prompt Manager node cannot receive this prompt.');
+        await targets.selectOption({label:'All 2 eligible nodes'});
+        await sender.getByRole('button',{name:'Preview changes',exact:true}).click();
+        await expect(sender.locator('section.prompt-sender-node > h4')).toHaveText([new RegExp(`^#${id} `),new RegExp(`^#${twinId} `)]);
+        await apply.click();
+        // The tab title gains ComfyUI's unsaved mark once the workflow changed, so the window is matched loosely.
+        await expect(sender.getByRole('status')).toHaveText(/^Sent to 2 of 2 nodes in .*ComfyUI\.$/);
+        await expect(apply).toBeDisabled();
+        const all=await page.evaluate(async ids=>{
+            const {app}=await import('/scripts/app.js');const output=(await app.graphToPrompt()).output;
+            return ids.map(nodeId=>{const node=app.graph.getNodeById(nodeId);const serialized=node.serialize();const index=node.widgets.findIndex(widget=>widget.name==='negative_text');
+                return{prompt:output[String(nodeId)]?.inputs.negative_text,serialized:serialized.widgets_values[index],text:node.widgets.find(widget=>widget.name==='text')?.value};});
+        },[id,twinId,linkedId]);
+        expect(all.slice(0,2)).toEqual([{prompt:negative,serialized:negative,text:positive},{prompt:negative,serialized:negative,text:positive}]);
+        expect(all[2].text).toBe(`Before all ${linkedId}`);
+        expect(await page.evaluate(()=>window.senderEffects.queue-window.senderSendBaseline.queue)).toBe(0);
+        await page.evaluate(async ids=>{const {app}=await import('/scripts/app.js');for(const nodeId of ids)app.graph.remove(app.graph.getNodeById(nodeId));},[twinId,linkedId]);
         // #535: the status line says why a window cannot receive.
         const find=sender.getByRole('button',{name:'Find ComfyUI windows',exact:true});
         const preview=sender.getByRole('button',{name:'Preview changes',exact:true});

tests/fixtures/legacy_contract_snapshot.json

@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@
     "POST /prompt_manager/autotag/batch/preview",
     "POST /prompt_manager/autotag/download/{model_type}",
     "POST /prompt_manager/autotag/single",
+    "POST /prompt_manager/autotag/skipped-tags/preview",
     "POST /prompt_manager/autotag/start",
     "POST /prompt_manager/autotag/unload",
     "POST /prompt_manager/bulk/category",
@@ -184,10 +185,14 @@
     "monitor.scheduled",
     "revision",
     "settings",
+    "settings.autotag_builtin_instructions",
     "settings.autotag_character_threshold",
+    "settings.autotag_default_instructions",
     "settings.autotag_existing",
     "settings.autotag_general_threshold",
+    "settings.autotag_instructions",
     "settings.autotag_model_type",
+    "settings.autotag_skipped_tags",
     "settings.autotag_suggestion_limit",
     "settings.autotag_template",
     "settings.cpu_count",

tests/js/prompt-sender.test.js

@@ -225,3 +225,141 @@ test('acknowledgement cannot claim an extra role beyond approved changes',async(
     const {createSendSession}=await source;const s=setup(createSendSession,{apply:async()=>({targetId:'one',values:{positive:'new',negative:'also changed'}})});
     await s.session.discover();s.session.selectHost('host');s.session.selectTarget('one');await s.session.preview();await s.session.apply();assert.equal(s.session.state.phase,'error');assert.match(s.session.state.message,/unexpected acknowledgement/);s.session.dispose();
 });
+// #542: "All N eligible nodes" sends to every eligible node of one window, previewing every node first (Q542-2 C).
+function allHost({nodes=['10','9','2'],revision,preview,apply,discover}={}) {
+    const calls=[];const sent=new Set();
+    const targets=nodes.map(id=>pm(id,['positive'],revision?{revision}:{}));
+    const client={
+        discover:discover ?? (async()=>[window1(targets)]),
+        preview:async(host,id,roles)=>{calls.push(['preview',id]);if(preview)return preview(id,calls,sent);return{ticket:`t-${id}-${calls.length}`,revision,target:{id,label:`Node ${id}`},fields:[{role:'positive',before:sent.has(id)?'new':'old',after:roles.positive}]};},
+        apply:async(host,ticket)=>{const id=ticket.split('-')[1];calls.push(['apply',id,ticket]);if(apply)return apply(id,calls);sent.add(id);return{targetId:id,values:{positive:'new'}};},
+        dispose:()=>calls.push(['dispose']),
+    };
+    return {client,calls,sent};
+}
+async function allSession(createSendSession,options) {
+    const host=allHost(options);const session=createSendSession({client:host.client,roles:{positive:'new'},onChange:()=>{}});
+    await session.discover();return {...host,session};
+}
+const order=calls=>calls.filter(call=>call[0]!=='dispose').map(call=>`${call[0]} ${call[1]}`);
+test('All is offered only with two or more eligible nodes and is never selected for you',async()=>{
+    const {createSendSession,ALL_NODES}=await source;
+    const one=await allSession(createSendSession,{nodes:['1']});
+    one.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);assert.equal(one.session.state.targetId,'');assert.equal(one.calls.length,0);one.session.dispose();
+    const two=await allSession(createSendSession,{nodes:['1','2']});
+    assert.equal(two.session.state.targetId,'');
+    two.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);assert.equal(two.session.state.targetId,ALL_NODES);
+    assert.match(two.session.state.message,/all 2 eligible nodes in Flow - ComfyUI/);
+    await two.session.discover();assert.equal(two.session.state.targetId,'');two.session.dispose();
+});
+test('Apply to All previews every node first, then sends one after another in node id order',async()=>{
+    const {createSendSession,ALL_NODES}=await source;const s=await allSession(createSendSession);
+    s.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);await s.session.apply();
+    assert.deepEqual(order(s.calls),['preview 2','preview 9','preview 10','apply 2','preview 9','apply 9','preview 10','apply 10']);
+    assert.equal(s.session.state.phase,'success');assert.equal(s.session.state.message,'Sent to 3 of 3 nodes in Flow - ComfyUI.');
+    await s.session.apply();assert.equal(s.calls.filter(call=>call[0]==='apply').length,3);s.session.dispose();
+});
+test('a double click on Apply to All sends to each node once',async()=>{
+    const {createSendSession,ALL_NODES}=await source;const s=await allSession(createSendSession,{nodes:['1','2']});
+    s.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);await Promise.all([s.session.apply(),s.session.apply()]);
+    assert.deepEqual(s.calls.filter(call=>call[0]==='apply').map(call=>call[1]),['1','2']);s.session.dispose();
+});
+test('a node refusing its preview stops All before anything is written and names the node',async()=>{
+    const {createSendSession,ALL_NODES}=await source;
+    const s=await allSession(createSendSession,{preview:id=>{if(id==='9')throw Error('positive is connected to an upstream input.');return{ticket:`t-${id}`,target:{id},fields:[{role:'positive',before:'old',after:'new'}]};}});
+    s.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);await s.session.apply();
+    assert.equal(s.calls.filter(call=>call[0]==='apply').length,0);assert.equal(s.session.state.phase,'error');
+    assert.match(s.session.state.message,/^#9 Node 9: positive is connected to an upstream input\. Nothing was sent\./);
+    assert.equal(s.session.state.outcomeUnknown,false);s.session.dispose();
+});
+test('a refusal while sending to All is reported by node and the other nodes are still sent',async()=>{
+    const {createSendSession,ALL_NODES}=await source;
+    const s=await allSession(createSendSession,{apply:id=>{if(id==='9')throw Error('Workflow or prompt changed. Preview again.');return{targetId:id,values:{positive:'new'}};}});
+    s.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);await s.session.apply();
+    assert.deepEqual(s.calls.filter(call=>call[0]==='apply').map(call=>call[1]),['2','9','10']);
+    assert.equal(s.session.state.phase,'error');assert.equal(s.session.state.outcomeUnknown,false);
+    assert.equal(s.session.state.message,'Sent to 2 of 3 nodes in Flow - ComfyUI. #9 Node 9: Workflow or prompt changed. Preview again.');s.session.dispose();
+});
+test('a lost reply on one node of All leaves the later nodes unsent and that outcome unknown',async()=>{
+    const {createSendSession,ALL_NODES}=await source;
+    const s=await allSession(createSendSession,{apply:id=>{if(id==='9')throw Error('Bridge request timed out');return{targetId:id,values:{positive:'new'}};}});
+    s.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);await s.session.apply();
+    assert.deepEqual(s.calls.filter(call=>call[0]==='apply').map(call=>call[1]),['2','9']);
+    assert.equal(s.session.state.outcomeUnknown,true);
+    assert.match(s.session.state.message,/^Sent to 1 of 3 nodes in Flow - ComfyUI\. No confirmation received from #9 Node 9; the update may have applied\. Not sent: #10 Node 10\. Check ComfyUI, then preview again\. Bridge request timed out$/);
+    await s.session.apply();assert.equal(s.calls.filter(call=>call[0]==='apply').length,2);s.session.dispose();
+});
+test('closing the dialog during All stops after the current node',async()=>{
+    const {createSendSession,ALL_NODES}=await source;let release;
+    const s=await allSession(createSendSession,{apply:id=>id==='2'?new Promise(done=>release=()=>done({targetId:id,values:{positive:'new'}})):{targetId:id,values:{positive:'new'}}});
+    s.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);const pending=s.session.apply();
+    for(let i=0;i<50 && !release;i++)await tick();assert.ok(release,'the first node was sent');
+    s.session.dispose();release();await pending;
+    assert.deepEqual(s.calls.filter(call=>call[0]==='apply').map(call=>call[1]),['2']);
+});
+test('All accepts the revision our own write moved, but not a workflow changed before the run',async()=>{
+    const {createSendSession,ALL_NODES}=await source;
+    // The host moves the graph version on every write: later nodes preview with the new revision.
+    let version=4;
+    const bumped=await allSession(createSendSession,{revision:'1:4',preview:id=>({ticket:`t-${id}`,revision:`1:${version}`,target:{id},fields:[{role:'positive',before:'old',after:'new'}]}),apply:id=>{version++;return{targetId:id,values:{positive:'new'}};}});
+    bumped.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);await bumped.session.apply();
+    assert.equal(bumped.session.state.message,'Sent to 3 of 3 nodes in Flow - ComfyUI.');bumped.session.dispose();
+    const moved=await allSession(createSendSession,{revision:'1:4',preview:id=>({ticket:`t-${id}`,revision:'1:5',target:{id},fields:[{role:'positive',before:'old',after:'new'}]})});
+    moved.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);await moved.session.apply();
+    assert.match(moved.session.state.message,/workflow changed since this window was found/i);assert.equal(moved.calls.filter(call=>call[0]==='apply').length,0);moved.session.dispose();
+});
+test('a node whose text changed after the preview pass is refused, not overwritten',async()=>{
+    const {createSendSession,ALL_NODES}=await source;let edited=false;
+    const s=await allSession(createSendSession,{preview:id=>({ticket:`t-${id}`,target:{id},fields:[{role:'positive',before:id==='10'&&edited?'typed in ComfyUI':'old',after:'new'}]}),apply:id=>{edited=true;return{targetId:id,values:{positive:'new'}};}});
+    s.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);await s.session.apply();
+    assert.deepEqual(s.calls.filter(call=>call[0]==='apply').map(call=>call[1]),['2','9']);
+    assert.match(s.session.state.message,/^Sent to 2 of 3 nodes in Flow - ComfyUI\. #10 Node 10: Its prompt changed since the preview\./);s.session.dispose();
+});
+test('Preview with All shows every node in order, and Apply sends fresh tickets that match the review',async()=>{
+    const {createSendSession,ALL_NODES}=await source;const s=await allSession(createSendSession);
+    s.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);await s.session.preview();
+    assert.equal(s.session.state.phase,'ready');assert.equal(s.session.state.preview,null);
+    assert.deepEqual(s.session.state.previews.map(item=>item.label),['#2 Node 2','#9 Node 9','#10 Node 10']);
+    assert.match(s.session.state.message,/Sending to all 3 eligible nodes in Flow - ComfyUI\. Review the complete changes, then apply\./);
+    const first=s.session.state.previews[0].preview.ticket;
+    await s.session.apply();
+    // A held review may have outlived the host's 30 s tickets, so even the first node takes a fresh one.
+    assert.deepEqual(order(s.calls),['preview 2','preview 9','preview 10','preview 2','apply 2','preview 9','apply 9','preview 10','apply 10']);
+    assert.notEqual(s.calls.find(call=>call[0]==='apply')[2],first);assert.equal(s.session.state.phase,'success');
+    s.session.selectTarget('2');assert.deepEqual(s.session.state.previews,[]);s.session.dispose();
+});
+test('the dialog offers All for two or more nodes and reviews each node under its name',async()=>{
+    const {createPromptSender,ALL_NODES}=await source;const {createScope}=await import('../../web/js/shared/toolkit/core.js');
+    const dom=fakeDOM();const scope=createScope();
+    const {client}=allHost({nodes:['1','2']});
+    try {
+        createPromptSender({scope,clientFactory:()=>client}).open({positive:'new'});await tick();
+        const dialog=dom.body.children.at(-1);const target=dom.find(dialog,node=>node.id==='prompt-sender-target');
+        assert.deepEqual(target.children.map(option=>[option.value,option.textContent]),[['','Choose a destination node'],['1','#1 Node 1'],['2','#2 Node 2'],[ALL_NODES,'All 2 eligible nodes']]);
+        assert.equal(target.value,'');target.value=ALL_NODES;target.dispatchEvent(new Event('change'));
+        dom.find(dialog,node=>node.textContent==='Preview changes').dispatchEvent(new Event('click'));for(let i=0;i<5;i++)await tick();
+        const sections=[];(function walk(node){if(node.className==='prompt-sender-node')sections.push(node);node.children.forEach(walk);})(dialog);
+        assert.deepEqual(sections.map(section=>section.children[0].textContent),['#1 Node 1','#2 Node 2']);
+        dom.find(dialog,node=>node.textContent==='Apply to ComfyUI').dispatchEvent(new Event('click'));for(let i=0;i<10;i++)await tick();
+        assert.ok(dom.find(dialog,node=>node.textContent==='Sent to 2 of 2 nodes in Flow - ComfyUI.'));
+    } finally {scope.dispose();dom.restore();}
+});
+test('an expired review still sends every node, and a held review checks the discovered revision first',async()=>{
+    const {createSendSession,ALL_NODES}=await source;let reviewing=true;
+    // The host refuses every ticket taken during the review, as after its 30 s expiry.
+    const s=await allSession(createSendSession,{preview:(id,calls)=>({ticket:`t-${id}-${reviewing?'old':calls.length}`,target:{id},fields:[{role:'positive',before:'old',after:'new'}]}),apply:id=>({targetId:id,values:{positive:'new'}})});
+    const realApply=s.client.apply;s.client.apply=async(host,ticket,options)=>{if(ticket.endsWith('-old'))throw Error('Preview expired or unavailable; preview again');return realApply(host,ticket,options);};
+    s.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);await s.session.preview();reviewing=false;await s.session.apply();
+    assert.equal(s.session.state.message,'Sent to 3 of 3 nodes in Flow - ComfyUI.');s.session.dispose();
+    const moved=await allSession(createSendSession,{revision:'1:4',preview:(id,calls)=>({ticket:`t-${id}`,revision:calls.length>3?'1:5':'1:4',target:{id},fields:[{role:'positive',before:'old',after:'new'}]})});
+    moved.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);await moved.session.preview();assert.equal(moved.session.state.phase,'ready');await moved.session.apply();
+    assert.match(moved.session.state.message,/^Sent to 0 of 3 nodes in Flow - ComfyUI\. #2 Node 2: The workflow changed since this window was found/);
+    assert.equal(moved.calls.filter(call=>call[0]==='apply').length,0);moved.session.dispose();
+});
+test('a changed prepend or append after the review refuses that node',async()=>{
+    const {createSendSession,ALL_NODES}=await source;let edited=false;
+    const s=await allSession(createSendSession,{preview:id=>({ticket:`t-${id}`,target:{id},fields:[{role:'positive',before:'old',after:'new'}],composition:{prepend:id==='9'&&edited?'typed':'trigger',append:'',before:'trigger old',after:'trigger new'}}),apply:id=>{edited=true;return{targetId:id,values:{positive:'new'}};}});
+    s.session.selectTarget(ALL_NODES);await s.session.apply();
+    assert.deepEqual(s.calls.filter(call=>call[0]==='apply').map(call=>call[1]),['2','10']);
+    assert.match(s.session.state.message,/^Sent to 2 of 3 nodes in Flow - ComfyUI\. #9 Node 9: Its prompt changed since the preview\./);s.session.dispose();
+});

tests/js/workspace-image-tagging-state.test.js

@@ -53,8 +53,12 @@ function observed(overrides = {}, capture = {}) {
         ...overrides,
     };
 }
+// #431: the saved instructions; the fixture's entry is the default of both engines.
+const SAVED_ENTRY = { id: '0123456789ab', name: 'Saved', text: DEFAULT_PROMPT };
 const models = (overrides = {}) => ({
-    success: true, models: { 'wd14-swinv2': { downloaded: true } }, default_prompt: DEFAULT_PROMPT,
+    success: true, models: { 'wd14-swinv2': { downloaded: true } },
+    instructions: [{ id: 'builtin', name: 'Built-in', text: 'Built-in text.' }, SAVED_ENTRY],
+    default_instructions: { gguf: SAVED_ENTRY.id, hf: SAVED_ENTRY.id },
     wd14_general_threshold: 0.35, wd14_character_threshold: 0.85, suggestion_limit: 10, ...overrides,
 });
 const SANDSTONE = [
@@ -244,10 +248,13 @@ test('dialog starts on the saved model unless a preset or the user chose one', a
 });
 
 test('an unreadable or malformed models read falls back to the documented defaults', async () => {
-    for (const route of [() => fail(500, null), () => response(200, models({ default_prompt: 4, suggestion_limit: 0, wd14_general_threshold: 2, wd14_character_threshold: 'x' }))]) {
+    for (const route of [() => fail(500, null), () => response(200, models({ instructions: 4, suggestion_limit: 0, wd14_general_threshold: 2, wd14_character_threshold: 'x' }))]) {
         const { c } = await opened({ [`GET ${MODELS}`]: route });
         assert.equal(c.state.phase, 'ready');
-        assert.deepEqual({ ...c.state.options }, { general_threshold: 0.35, character_threshold: 0.85, instructions: '', suggestion_limit: 10 });
+        // #431: the client's Built-in copy (D204's read failure).
+        const { BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS } = await load();
+        assert.deepEqual({ ...c.state.options }, { general_threshold: 0.35, character_threshold: 0.85, instructions: BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS,
+            suggestion_limit: 10 });
     }
 });
 
@@ -936,3 +943,99 @@ test('#515: text typed before Retry after a failed first observation follows the
     assert.equal(c.state.manual, 'Minimal, warm_light, dunes');
     assert.equal(c.state.statusText, '');
 });
+
+test('the chip hint says how many skipped tags were not suggested (#431)', async () => {
+    const { skippedNote } = await load();
+    assert.equal(skippedNote(0), '');
+    assert.equal(skippedNote(undefined), '');
+    assert.equal(skippedNote(1), ' 1 skipped tag was not suggested.');
+    assert.equal(skippedNote(2), ' 2 skipped tags were not suggested.');
+    for (const [skipped, hint] of [[2, 'Remove anything you do not want to add. 2 skipped tags were not suggested.'],
+        [0, 'Remove anything you do not want to add.'], ['3', 'Remove anything you do not want to add.']]) {
+        const { c } = await opened({ [`POST ${SUGGEST}`]: () => response(200, { ...suggested(), skipped }) });
+        await c.generate();
+        assert.equal(c.state.chipHint, hint, String(skipped));
+    }
+});
+
+// D204 (#431): the Saved instructions picker of both dialogs.
+const PHOTO_ENTRY = { id: '0123456789ac', name: 'Photo', text: 'Photo tags.' };
+const picker = (overrides = {}) => ({ [`GET ${MODELS}`]: () => response(200, models({ model_type: 'gguf',
+    instructions: [{ id: 'builtin', name: 'Built-in', text: 'Built-in text.' }, SAVED_ENTRY, PHOTO_ENTRY],
+    default_instructions: { gguf: SAVED_ENTRY.id, hf: PHOTO_ENTRY.id }, ...overrides })) });
+
+test('the picker starts at the engine default; a pick replaces the text and an edit is one-off (D204)', async () => {
+    const { c } = await opened(picker());
+    assert.deepEqual([c.state.instructionId, c.state.options.instructions, c.state.instructionsEdited], [SAVED_ENTRY.id, DEFAULT_PROMPT, false]);
+    const revision = c.state.optionsRevision;
+    c.pickInstructions(PHOTO_ENTRY.id);
+    assert.deepEqual([c.state.instructionId, c.state.options.instructions, c.state.instructionsEdited], [PHOTO_ENTRY.id, 'Photo tags.', false]);
+    assert.equal(c.state.optionsRevision, revision + 1, 'a pick re-renders the textarea');
+    c.setOption('instructions', 'Photo tags, please.');
+    assert.equal(c.state.instructionsEdited, true);
+    assert.equal(c.state.optionsRevision, revision + 1, 'typing never re-renders');
+    // Choosing an entry again replaces the edit without asking; an unknown id changes nothing.
+    c.pickInstructions(PHOTO_ENTRY.id);
+    assert.deepEqual([c.state.options.instructions, c.state.instructionsEdited], ['Photo tags.', false]);
+    c.pickInstructions('nope');
+    assert.equal(c.state.instructionId, PHOTO_ENTRY.id);
+    // Switching engines resets to the new engine's default and drops a one-off edit; WD14 is never "edited".
+    c.setOption('instructions', 'edited');
+    c.setModel('hf');
+    assert.deepEqual([c.state.instructionId, c.state.options.instructions, c.state.instructionsEdited], [PHOTO_ENTRY.id, 'Photo tags.', false]);
+    c.setModel('wd14-vit');
+    assert.equal(c.state.instructionsEdited, false);
+    c.setModel('gguf');
+    assert.deepEqual([c.state.instructionId, c.state.options.instructions], [SAVED_ENTRY.id, DEFAULT_PROMPT]);
+    c.dispose();
+});
+
+test('a preset shows the entry with its text, else "Edited for this run" (D204)', async () => {
+    const { c } = await opened(picker(), { preset: { model: 'hf', options: { instructions: DEFAULT_PROMPT } } });
+    assert.deepEqual([c.state.instructionId, c.state.instructionsEdited], [SAVED_ENTRY.id, false]);
+    const { c: other } = await opened(picker(), { preset: { model: 'hf', options: { instructions: 'Something else' } } });
+    assert.deepEqual([other.state.instructionId, other.state.options.instructions, other.state.instructionsEdited],
+        [PHOTO_ENTRY.id, 'Something else', true]);
+    for (const controller of [c, other]) controller.dispose();
+});
+
+test('a models read without instructions offers Built-in only with the client copy (D204)', async () => {
+    const { BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS, readChoices } = await load();
+    assert.equal(BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS.startsWith('Generate only comma-separated Danbooru tags'), true);
+    for (const value of [null, {}, { instructions: [] }, { instructions: [{ id: 'x', name: 'X', text: 'y' }] }]) {
+        assert.deepEqual(readChoices(value).entries.map(entry => entry.id), ['builtin'], JSON.stringify(value));
+    }
+    // A default naming no entry is Built-in.
+    assert.deepEqual({ ...readChoices({ instructions: [{ id: 'builtin', name: 'Built-in', text: 't' }], default_instructions: { gguf: 'gone' } }).defaults },
+        { gguf: 'builtin', hf: 'builtin' });
+    const { c } = await opened(picker({ instructions: 'broken' }));
+    assert.deepEqual([c.state.instructionId, c.state.options.instructions], ['builtin', BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS]);
+    c.dispose();
+});
+
+test('the bulk options pick and reset like the Tag image dialog (D204)', async () => {
+    const { createTaggingOptionsController } = await load();
+    const options = createTaggingOptionsController({ api: harness(defaultRoutes(picker())).api });
+    await options.open();
+    assert.deepEqual([options.state.model, options.state.instructionId, options.state.options.instructions], ['gguf', SAVED_ENTRY.id, DEFAULT_PROMPT]);
+    options.pickInstructions(PHOTO_ENTRY.id);
+    assert.equal(options.request().options.instructions, 'Photo tags.');
+    options.setOption('instructions', 'One-off.');
+    assert.equal(options.state.instructionsEdited, true);
+    assert.equal(options.request().options.instructions, 'One-off.');
+    options.setModel('hf');
+    assert.deepEqual([options.state.instructionId, options.state.instructionsEdited], [PHOTO_ENTRY.id, false]);
+    options.pickInstructions('nope');
+    options.dispose();
+    options.pickInstructions(SAVED_ENTRY.id);
+    assert.equal(options.state.instructionId, PHOTO_ENTRY.id);
+});
+
+test('the client Built-in copy equals the server DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE (#431)', async () => {
+    const { BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS } = await load();
+    const source = require('node:fs').readFileSync(require('node:path').join(__dirname, '../../py/tagging_defaults.py'), 'utf8');
+    const block = source.slice(source.indexOf('DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE = ('), source.indexOf('\n)\n', source.indexOf('DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE = (')));
+    const text = [...block.matchAll(/"((?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"/g)].map(([, part]) => JSON.parse(`"${part}"`)).join('');
+    assert.ok(text.length > 100);
+    assert.equal(BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS, text);
+});

tests/js/workspace-images-tagging-bulk.test.js

@@ -180,7 +180,9 @@ test('the bulk options start from the server defaults and wait for them before S
     assert.equal(options.state.canStart, false);
     assert.equal(options.state.canGenerate, false);
     const opening = options.open();
-    answer({ wd14_general_threshold: 0.5, wd14_character_threshold: 0.9, default_prompt: 'Say it', suggestion_limit: 7,
+    answer({ wd14_general_threshold: 0.5, wd14_character_threshold: 0.9, suggestion_limit: 7,
+        instructions: [{ id: 'builtin', name: 'Built-in', text: 'Built-in text.' }, { id: '0123456789ab', name: 'Say', text: 'Say it' }],
+        default_instructions: { gguf: '0123456789ab', hf: 'builtin' },
         models: { 'wd14-swinv2': { downloaded: true }, 'wd14-vit': { downloaded: false }, gguf: { downloaded: true } } });
     await opening;
     assert.equal(options.state.canStart, true);

tests/js/workspace-system-backups.test.js

@@ -128,6 +128,24 @@ test('invalid file shows the validator message; a refusal names its job; a lost
     assert.deepEqual(await uploadRestore(file, { ApiError, fetchUrl: async () => response(200, PREVIEW) }), PREVIEW);
 });
 
+// #583: WebKit reads a FormData's file part by reference, possibly after a garbage collection; the page holds the form
+// until the upload is answered, then lets it go, whether the server staged it, refused it or the request failed.
+test('a review upload keeps its form referenced until the upload is answered', async () => {
+    const { uploadRestore, uploadsInFlight } = await backups;
+    const file = new File(['bytes'], 'b.db');
+    for (const answer of [async () => response(200, PREVIEW), async () => response(400, { success: false, error: 'x' }),
+        async () => { throw new TypeError('offline'); }]) {
+        let held;
+        const upload = uploadRestore(file, { ApiError, fetchUrl: async (url, init) => {
+            held = uploadsInFlight.has(init.body) && init.body.get('database_file').size === file.size;
+            return answer();
+        } }).catch(() => {});
+        await upload;
+        assert.equal(held, true);
+        assert.equal(uploadsInFlight.size, 0);
+    }
+});
+
 test('Cancel discards the stage through the api client and never throws', async () => {
     const { discardRestore, PREVIEW_URL } = await backups;
     const calls = [];

tests/js/workspace-system-instructions.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+// System › Auto-tagging "Saved instructions" (#431, D203): Built-in read-only, New, Duplicate, Delete (a deleted default
+// resets to Built-in), the caps, the editor drafts and the per-engine default selects.
+const test = require('node:test');
+const assert = require('node:assert/strict');
+
+const instructionsModule = import('../../web/js/workspace/system-instructions.mjs');
+const stateModule = import('../../web/js/workspace/system-state.mjs');
+const coreModule = import('../../web/js/shared/toolkit/core.js');
+
+/** A minimal DOM: elements with children, attributes, listeners (aborted by their signal) and focus. */
+function fakeDOM() {
+    const previous = global.document;
+    class Element {
+        constructor(tag) {
+            this.tagName = tag.toUpperCase();
+            this.children = [];
+            this.attributes = {};
+            this.listeners = [];
+            this.dataset = {};
+            this.className = '';
+            this.id = '';
+            this.value = '';
+            this.title = '';
+            this.disabled = false;
+            this._text = '';
+        }
+        get localName() { return this.tagName.toLowerCase(); }
+        get textContent() { return this._text + this.children.map(child => (typeof child === 'string' ? child : child.textContent)).join(''); }
+        set textContent(text) { this.children = []; this._text = String(text); }
+        append(...nodes) { for (const node of nodes) { if (typeof node !== 'string') node.parentNode = this; this.children.push(node); } }
+        replaceChildren(...nodes) { this.children = []; this._text = ''; this.append(...nodes); }
+        querySelectorAll(selector) {
+            assert.equal(selector, 'button');
+            const found = [];
+            const walk = node => { for (const child of node.children) if (typeof child !== 'string') { if (child.tagName === 'BUTTON') found.push(child); walk(child); } };
+            walk(this);
+            return found;
+        }
+        focus() { global.document.activeElement = this; }
+        setAttribute(name, value) { this.attributes[name] = String(value); }
+        getAttribute(name) { return Object.hasOwn(this.attributes, name) ? this.attributes[name] : null; }
+        removeAttribute(name) { delete this.attributes[name]; }
+        addEventListener(type, callback, options = {}) {
+            if (options.signal?.aborted) return;
+            const entry = { type, callback };
+            this.listeners.push(entry);
+            options.signal?.addEventListener('abort', () => { this.listeners = this.listeners.filter(item => item !== entry); });
+        }
+        dispatch(type, event = {}) {
+            return Promise.all(this.listeners.filter(item => item.type === type).map(({ callback }) => callback({ type, target: this, ...event })));
+        }
+    }
+    global.document = { createElement: tag => new Element(tag), activeElement: null };
+    const walk = (node, found = []) => { found.push(node); node.children.forEach(child => typeof child !== 'string' && walk(child, found)); return found; };
+    return { find: (root, predicate) => walk(root).find(predicate), restore() { global.document = previous; } };
+}
+
+
+const PHOTO = { id: '0123456789ab', name: 'Custom template', text: 'Photo tags.' };
+const ANIME = { id: '0123456789ac', name: 'Anime', text: 'Anime tags.' };
+const HOST = { autotag_builtin_instructions: 'Built-in text.', autotag_instructions: [PHOTO, ANIME],
+    autotag_default_instructions: { gguf: PHOTO.id, hf: PHOTO.id } };
+
+async function mounted({ host = HOST } = {}) {
+    const { savedInstructionsBlock } = await instructionsModule;
+    const { createSystemDrafts } = await stateModule;
+    const { createScope } = await coreModule;
+    const dom = fakeDOM();
+    const drafts = createSystemDrafts({
+        readBrowser: () => ({}), readRuntime: () => ({}), readHost: async () => ({ values: host, revision: 'sha256:one' }),
+        writeBrowser: async () => ({}), writeHost: async () => ({ success: true, persisted: true }), writeRuntime: async () => ({}),
+    });
+    const scope = createScope();
+    let counter = 0;
+    const random = bytes => bytes.map(() => (counter += 1));
+    const block = savedInstructionsBlock({ scope, drafts, random });
+    const root = global.document.createElement('div');
+    root.append(...block.nodes);
+    scope.cleanup(drafts.subscribe(block.repaint));
+    block.repaint();
+    await drafts.reloadHost();
+    const byId = id => dom.find(root, node => node.id === id);
+    const options = () => byId('instruction-list').children.map(option => [option.children[0].textContent,
+        option.children[1]?.children.map(badge => badge.textContent) ?? [], option.getAttribute('aria-selected')]);
+    const click = id => byId(id).dispatch('click');
+    // A click on an option reaches the list's one listener (as it bubbles in a browser).
+    const pick = name => byId('instruction-list').dispatch('click', { target: byId('instruction-list').children
+        .find(option => option.children[0].textContent === name).children[0] });
+    return { dom, drafts, scope, block, byId, options, click, pick, root };
+}
+
+test('helpers: Built-in first, defaults, free names, ids and the server sentences', async () => {
+    const { allEntries, defaultEntry, freeName, newId, listProblem, entryNote } = await instructionsModule;
+    assert.deepEqual(allEntries(HOST).map(entry => entry.name), ['Built-in', 'Custom template', 'Anime']);
+    assert.equal(allEntries(HOST)[0].text, 'Built-in text.');
+    assert.equal(defaultEntry(HOST, 'hf').text, 'Photo tags.');
+    assert.equal(defaultEntry({ ...HOST, autotag_default_instructions: { gguf: 'gone', hf: 'builtin' } }, 'gguf').name, 'Built-in');
+    assert.equal(freeName('New instructions', allEntries(HOST)), 'New instructions');
+    assert.equal(freeName('anime', allEntries(HOST)), 'anime (2)');
+    assert.equal(freeName('Anime', [...allEntries(HOST), { name: 'Anime (2)' }]), 'Anime (3)');
+    let calls = 0;
+    const id = newId([{ id: '000000000000' }], bytes => { calls += 1; return bytes.fill(calls === 1 ? 0 : 171); });
+    assert.equal(id, 'abababababab');
+    assert.match(newId([]), /^[0-9a-f]{12}$/);
+    const list = entries => listProblem({ autotag_instructions: entries });
+    assert.equal(list([PHOTO]), null);
+    assert.equal(list([{ ...PHOTO, name: ' ' }]), 'Saved instructions: entry 1 needs a name.');
+    assert.equal(list([PHOTO, { ...ANIME, name: 'x'.repeat(61) }]), 'Saved instructions: entry 2 name must be at most 60 characters.');
+    assert.equal(list([{ ...PHOTO, name: 'a\nb' }]), 'Saved instructions: entry 1 name must not contain a line break.');
+    assert.equal(list([{ ...PHOTO, name: 'built-in' }]), 'Saved instructions: the name “Built-in” is reserved.');
+    assert.equal(list([PHOTO, { ...ANIME, name: ' custom TEMPLATE ' }]), 'Saved instructions: entry 2 name “custom TEMPLATE” is already used.');
+    assert.equal(list([{ ...PHOTO, text: ' ' }]), 'Saved instructions: entry 1 text must be non-empty text.');
+    assert.equal(list([{ ...PHOTO, text: 'x'.repeat(4001) }]), 'Saved instructions: entry 1 text must be at most 4000 characters.');
+    const long = { ...PHOTO, text: 'x'.repeat(4001) };
+    assert.equal(entryNote(long, [long]), 'The text must be at most 4,000 characters.');
+});
+
+test('the list shows Built-in read-only first, the saved entries and their default chips', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted();
+    try {
+        assert.deepEqual(view.options(), [['Built-in', ['Read-only'], 'true'],
+            ['Custom template', ['Default for GGUF', 'Default for HuggingFace'], 'false'], ['Anime', [], 'false']]);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instructions-count').textContent, '2 of 20 saved · Built‑in is not counted.');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-name').value, 'Built-in');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-name').readOnly, true);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-text').value, 'Built-in text.');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-text').readOnly, true);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-note').textContent, 'Built-in instructions can’t be changed. Duplicate them to make your own.');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-delete').disabled, true);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-list').getAttribute('role'), 'listbox');
+        assert.equal(view.block.nodes[0].dataset.key, 'autotag_instructions');
+        assert.deepEqual(view.byId('instruction-default-gguf').children.map(option => option.textContent), ['Built-in', 'Custom template', 'Anime']);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-default-gguf').value, PHOTO.id);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-default-hf').dataset.key, 'autotag_default_instructions');
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+});
+
+test('editing a saved entry drafts the list; its counts and note follow', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted();
+    try {
+        await view.pick('Anime');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-name').readOnly, false);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-delete').disabled, false);
+        view.byId('instruction-name').value = 'Anime tags';
+        await view.byId('instruction-name').dispatch('input');
+        view.byId('instruction-text').value = 'Tags, anime.';
+        await view.byId('instruction-text').dispatch('input');
+        assert.deepEqual(view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_instructions'), [PHOTO, { ...ANIME, name: 'Anime tags', text: 'Tags, anime.' }]);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-name').parentNode.children[0].children[1].textContent, '10 of 60');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-text').parentNode.children[0].children[1].textContent, '12 of 4,000 characters');
+        view.byId('instruction-name').value = 'custom template';
+        await view.byId('instruction-name').dispatch('input');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-note').textContent, 'The name “custom template” is already used.');
+        // Built-in is never edited.
+        await view.pick('Built-in');
+        view.byId('instruction-text').value = 'changed';
+        await view.byId('instruction-text').dispatch('input');
+        assert.equal(view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_instructions')[0], PHOTO);
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+});
+
+test('New and Duplicate append an entry with a fresh id and a free name; the caps disable them', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted();
+    try {
+        await view.click('instruction-new');
+        const added = view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_instructions').at(-1);
+        assert.match(added.id, /^[0-9a-f]{12}$/);
+        assert.deepEqual([added.name, added.text], ['New instructions', '']);
+        assert.equal(view.options().at(-1)[2], 'true');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-note').textContent, 'The text must not be empty.');
+        await view.pick('Built-in');
+        await view.click('instruction-duplicate');
+        assert.deepEqual(view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_instructions').at(-1).name, 'Built-in copy');
+        assert.equal(view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_instructions').at(-1).text, 'Built-in text.');
+        const full = await mounted({ host: { ...HOST, autotag_instructions: Array.from({ length: 20 },
+            (_, i) => ({ id: i.toString(16).padStart(12, '0'), name: `n${i}`, text: 't' })) } });
+        try {
+            assert.equal(full.byId('instruction-new').disabled, true);
+            assert.equal(full.byId('instruction-duplicate').disabled, true);
+            assert.equal(full.byId('instruction-cap').hidden, false);
+            await full.click('instruction-new');
+            assert.equal(full.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_instructions').length, 20);
+        } finally { full.scope.dispose(); }
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+});
+
+test('deleting a default resets that engine to Built-in and says so; a select change clears the note', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted();
+    try {
+        await view.pick('Custom template');
+        await view.click('instruction-delete');
+        assert.deepEqual(view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_instructions'), [ANIME]);
+        assert.deepEqual(view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_default_instructions'), { gguf: 'builtin', hf: 'builtin' });
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-reset').textContent, 'GGUF and HuggingFace now use Built-in.');
+        assert.equal(view.options()[1][2], 'true', 'the next entry is selected');
+        view.byId('instruction-default-hf').value = ANIME.id;
+        await view.byId('instruction-default-hf').dispatch('change');
+        assert.deepEqual(view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_default_instructions'), { gguf: 'builtin', hf: ANIME.id });
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-reset').textContent, '');
+        await view.click('instruction-delete');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-reset').textContent, 'HuggingFace now uses Built-in.');
+        assert.deepEqual(view.options().map(([name]) => name), ['Built-in']);
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+});
+
+test('arrow keys move the selection; before the read everything is disabled', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted();
+    try {
+        const list = view.byId('instruction-list');
+        await list.dispatch('keydown', { key: 'ArrowDown' });
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-name').value, 'Custom template');
+        await list.dispatch('keydown', { key: 'End' });
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-name').value, 'Anime');
+        await list.dispatch('keydown', { key: 'ArrowDown' });
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-name').value, 'Anime');
+        await list.dispatch('keydown', { key: 'Home' });
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-name').value, 'Built-in');
+        await list.dispatch('keydown', { key: 'a' });
+        assert.equal(list.getAttribute('aria-activedescendant'), 'instruction-option-builtin');
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+    const unread = await mounted({ host: {} });
+    try {
+        assert.equal(unread.byId('instruction-new').disabled, true);
+        assert.equal(unread.byId('instruction-default-gguf').disabled, true);
+    } finally { unread.scope.dispose(); unread.dom.restore(); }
+});
+
+test('the reset note goes once the defaults are saved; a long name is cut to fit its copy suffix', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted();
+    try {
+        await view.pick('Custom template');
+        await view.click('instruction-delete');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-reset').textContent, 'GGUF and HuggingFace now use Built-in.');
+        await view.drafts.save();
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-reset').textContent, '');
+        await view.pick('Anime');
+        view.byId('instruction-name').value = 'x'.repeat(60);
+        await view.byId('instruction-name').dispatch('input');
+        await view.click('instruction-duplicate');
+        const copy = view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_instructions').at(-1).name;
+        assert.equal(copy, `${'x'.repeat(55)} copy`);
+        await view.click('instruction-duplicate');
+        assert.equal([...view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_instructions').at(-1).name].length <= 60, true);
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+});
+
+test('option clicks are one listener on the list, not one per repaint', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted();
+    try {
+        const list = view.byId('instruction-list');
+        const before = list.listeners.length;
+        for (let i = 0; i < 5; i += 1) await view.pick('Anime');
+        assert.equal(list.listeners.length, before);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-list').children.every(option => option.listeners.length === 0), true);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('instruction-name').value, 'Anime');
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+});

tests/js/workspace-system-maintenance.test.js

@@ -21,8 +21,23 @@ test('the section lists the concept rows in its order, labels and danger marks',
     assert.deepEqual(MAINTENANCE_SURFACES.map(([heading]) => heading), surfaces.map(text => text.replace('&', '&')));
     const production = MAINTENANCE_SURFACES.flatMap(([, rows]) => rows.map(([title, description, label, , danger = false]) =>
         [title, description, label, danger]));
-    assert.deepEqual(production, concept.map(([title, ...rest]) => [title.replace('&', '&'), ...rest]));
-    assert.equal(production.length, 8);
+    // D192 (#550, beyond the concept): "Pair category and tags" follows "Unused prompt components" in Database.
+    const expected = concept.map(([title, ...rest]) => [title.replace('&', '&'), ...rest]);
+    expected.splice(expected.findIndex(([title]) => title === 'Unused prompt components') + 1, 0, PAIR_ROW);
+    assert.deepEqual(production, expected);
+    assert.equal(production.length, 9);
+});
+
+const PAIR_ROW = Object.freeze(['Pair category and tags', 'Fill an empty category or tags on prompts older Pair node runs ' +
+    'saved, from their saved pairs. Only empty fields of never-edited prompts.', 'Review plan', false]);
+
+test('D192: the Pair category and tags row reviews the pair_metadata plan under its title (#550)', async () => {
+    const { MAINTENANCE_SURFACES } = await maintenance;
+    const { OPERATION_TITLES } = await review;
+    const [, database] = MAINTENANCE_SURFACES[0];
+    const row = database.find(([title]) => title === PAIR_ROW[0]);
+    assert.deepEqual(row, [PAIR_ROW[0], PAIR_ROW[1], PAIR_ROW[2], 'pair_metadata']);
+    assert.equal(OPERATION_TITLES.pair_metadata, 'Pair category and tags');
 });
 
 const PLAN = Object.freeze({
@@ -210,3 +225,40 @@ test('a rotated-log cleanup the log overtook offers Review again (S12)', async (
     assert.deepEqual(reviewAgainOf({ kind: 'maintenance', state: 'failed', scope: { operation: 'rotated_logs', failure: 'plan-changed' } }),
         { operation: 'rotated_logs' });
 });
+
+// #550 live test: a records operation's rows have no path, only a detail ("Prompt 12: category …").
+const RECORD_JOB = Object.freeze({
+    id: 'a'.repeat(32), kind: 'maintenance', title: 'Pair category and tags', state: 'finished',
+    admission: 'records', cancellable: false, progress: 100, processed: 0, total: 0, status_line: 'Filled 2 prompts',
+    scope: { operation: 'pair_metadata' }, counters: { changed: 2, protected: 0, errors: 0 },
+    started_at: 1, finished_at: 2,
+});
+
+test('#550: path-less record rows are kept with their detail; file rows are unchanged', async () => {
+    const { parseDetail, filterRows } = await jobView;
+    const parsed = parseDetail({ ...RECORD_JOB, outcomes: { changed: [
+        { path: '', root: '', root_index: null, detail: 'Prompt 2325: category “asian”; tags asian' },
+        { path: '', root: '', root_index: null, detail: '' },
+        { path: 'a/b.png', root: 'output', root_index: 0, detail: 'Link removed' },
+    ] }, log: [] });
+    assert.deepEqual(parsed.outcomes.changed, [
+        { path: '', root: '', root_index: null, detail: 'Prompt 2325: category “asian”; tags asian', record: true },
+        { path: 'a/b.png', root: 'output', root_index: 0, detail: 'Link removed', record: false },
+    ]);
+    // The filter reads a record's detail and a file's path.
+    assert.deepEqual(filterRows(parsed.outcomes.changed, 'asian').map(row => row.detail),
+        ['Prompt 2325: category “asian”; tags asian']);
+    assert.deepEqual(filterRows(parsed.outcomes.changed, 'a/b').map(row => row.path), ['a/b.png']);
+});
+
+test('#550: a records operation says records, not files, for an empty group and a filter', async () => {
+    const { groupCopy, EMPTY_GROUP, NO_MATCH } = await jobView;
+    assert.deepEqual(groupCopy(RECORD_JOB), { empty: 'No records in this group.', noMatch: 'No listed record matches this filter.',
+        placeholder: 'Filter records…' });
+    for (const operation of ['duplicate_prompts', 'unused_components']) {
+        assert.equal(groupCopy({ ...RECORD_JOB, scope: { operation } }).empty, 'No records in this group.');
+    }
+    const files = { empty: EMPTY_GROUP, noMatch: NO_MATCH, placeholder: 'Filter by file path…' };
+    assert.deepEqual(groupCopy({ ...RECORD_JOB, scope: { operation: 'missing_links' } }), files);
+    assert.deepEqual(groupCopy({ ...RECORD_JOB, kind: 'scan', scope: {} }), files);
+});

tests/js/workspace-system-skipped-tags.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+// System › Auto-tagging "Skipped tags" (#431, D202): the add input, the chips, the client checks and the preview line.
+const test = require('node:test');
+const assert = require('node:assert/strict');
+
+const skippedModule = import('../../web/js/workspace/system-skipped-tags.mjs');
+const stateModule = import('../../web/js/workspace/system-state.mjs');
+const coreModule = import('../../web/js/shared/toolkit/core.js');
+
+/** A minimal DOM: elements with children, attributes, listeners (aborted by their signal) and focus. */
+function fakeDOM() {
+    const previous = global.document;
+    class Element {
+        constructor(tag) {
+            this.tagName = tag.toUpperCase();
+            this.children = [];
+            this.attributes = {};
+            this.listeners = [];
+            this.dataset = {};
+            this.className = '';
+            this.id = '';
+            this.value = '';
+            this.title = '';
+            this.disabled = false;
+            this._text = '';
+        }
+        get localName() { return this.tagName.toLowerCase(); }
+        get textContent() { return this._text + this.children.map(child => (typeof child === 'string' ? child : child.textContent)).join(''); }
+        set textContent(text) { this.children = []; this._text = String(text); }
+        append(...nodes) { for (const node of nodes) { if (typeof node !== 'string') node.parentNode = this; this.children.push(node); } }
+        replaceChildren(...nodes) { this.children = []; this._text = ''; this.append(...nodes); }
+        querySelectorAll(selector) {
+            assert.equal(selector, 'button');
+            const found = [];
+            const walk = node => { for (const child of node.children) if (typeof child !== 'string') { if (child.tagName === 'BUTTON') found.push(child); walk(child); } };
+            walk(this);
+            return found;
+        }
+        focus() { global.document.activeElement = this; }
+        setAttribute(name, value) { this.attributes[name] = String(value); }
+        getAttribute(name) { return Object.hasOwn(this.attributes, name) ? this.attributes[name] : null; }
+        removeAttribute(name) { delete this.attributes[name]; }
+        addEventListener(type, callback, options = {}) {
+            if (options.signal?.aborted) return;
+            const entry = { type, callback };
+            this.listeners.push(entry);
+            options.signal?.addEventListener('abort', () => { this.listeners = this.listeners.filter(item => item !== entry); });
+        }
+        dispatch(type, event = {}) {
+            return Promise.all(this.listeners.filter(item => item.type === type).map(({ callback }) => callback({ type, target: this, ...event })));
+        }
+    }
+    global.document = { createElement: tag => new Element(tag), activeElement: null };
+    const walk = (node, found = []) => { found.push(node); node.children.forEach(child => typeof child !== 'string' && walk(child, found)); return found; };
+    return { find: (root, predicate) => walk(root).find(predicate), restore() { global.document = previous; } };
+}
+
+const tick = () => new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 5));
+
+async function mounted({ saved = ['blurry'], answer, host = true } = {}) {
+    const { skippedTagsBlock } = await skippedModule;
+    const { createSystemDrafts } = await stateModule;
+    const { createScope } = await coreModule;
+    const dom = fakeDOM();
+    const drafts = createSystemDrafts({
+        readBrowser: () => ({}), readRuntime: () => ({}),
+        readHost: async () => ({ values: host ? { autotag_skipped_tags: saved } : {}, revision: 'sha256:one' }),
+        writeBrowser: async () => ({}), writeHost: async () => ({ success: true, persisted: true }), writeRuntime: async () => ({}),
+    });
+    const scope = createScope();
+    const posts = [];
+    const api = {
+        post: (url, body, options) => {
+            posts.push({ url, body, signal: options.signal });
+            if (answer) return answer(body, options);
+            return Promise.resolve({ success: true, count: body.entries.length, sample: body.entries, sample_limit: 12,
+                per_entry: body.entries.map((entry, index) => ({ entry, count: index })), sources: { library: 3, wd14: ['WD14 SwinV2'] } });
+        },
+    };
+    const block = skippedTagsBlock({ api, scope, drafts, delay: 1 });
+    scope.cleanup(drafts.subscribe(block.repaint));
+    block.repaint();
+    await drafts.reloadHost();
+    const byId = id => dom.find(block.node, node => node.id === id);
+    const chips = () => dom.find(block.node, node => node.className === 'tags skip-chips');
+    const preview = () => dom.find(block.node, node => node.className === 'small skip-preview');
+    const add = async text => { byId('tag-skipped-input').value = text; await byId('tag-skipped-add').dispatch('click'); };
+    return { dom, drafts, scope, block, byId, chips, preview, posts, add };
+}
+
+test('words split like the server: NFC, lower case, space, _ and - only', async () => {
+    const { entryWords } = await skippedModule;
+    assert.deepEqual(entryWords('Half-closed_eyes'), ['half', 'closed', 'eyes']);
+    assert.deepEqual(entryWords('saber_(fate)'), ['saber', '(fate)']);
+    assert.deepEqual(entryWords(' _ - '), []);
+    assert.deepEqual(entryWords('CAFÉ'), ['café']);
+});
+
+test('the client checks say why an entry is not added', async () => {
+    const { entryProblem, SKIPPED_COPY } = await skippedModule;
+    assert.equal(entryProblem('  sky ', ['blurry']), '');
+    assert.equal(entryProblem('   ', []), SKIPPED_COPY.empty);
+    assert.equal(entryProblem('_--', []), 'Enter a word.');
+    assert.equal(entryProblem('a, b', []), 'No commas or line breaks.');
+    assert.equal(entryProblem('a\nb', []), 'No commas or line breaks.');
+    assert.equal(entryProblem('x'.repeat(51), []), 'At most 50 characters.');
+    assert.equal(entryProblem('🏜'.repeat(50), []), '');
+    assert.equal(entryProblem('Blurry-Background', ['blurry background']), 'Already in the list.');
+    assert.equal(entryProblem('sky', Array.from({ length: 200 }, (_, i) => `w${i}`)), 'The list is full (200).');
+});
+
+test('the preview line states the count, the sample and the sources', async () => {
+    const { previewText, chipCount } = await skippedModule;
+    assert.deepEqual(previewText({ count: 15, sample: ['blurry', 'signature'], sources: { wd14: ['WD14 SwinV2'] } }), {
+        lead: 'Hides 15 tags from suggestions', rest: ': blurry, signature and 13 more. Tags already on images are not changed.' });
+    assert.deepEqual(previewText({ count: 1, sample: ['blurry'], sources: { wd14: [] } }), {
+        lead: 'Hides 1 tag from suggestions',
+        rest: ': blurry. Checked against library tags only; no WD14 label list is downloaded. Tags already on images are not changed.' });
+    assert.deepEqual(previewText({ count: 0, sample: [], sources: { wd14: ['WD14 ViT'] } }), {
+        lead: 'Hides 0 tags from suggestions', rest: '. Tags already on images are not changed.' });
+    assert.deepEqual(previewText(null).lead, 'Hides 0 tags from suggestions');
+    assert.deepEqual(chipCount(3), { title: 'Hides 3 tags', text: '3' });
+    assert.deepEqual(chipCount(1), { title: 'Hides 1 tag', text: '1' });
+    assert.deepEqual(chipCount(0), { title: 'Hides no known tag', text: 'none' });
+    assert.equal(chipCount(undefined), null);
+});
+
+test('the block shows the saved list, previews it and carries its setting keys', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted({ saved: ['blurry', 'signature'] });
+    try {
+        assert.equal(view.block.node.dataset.setting, 'tag-skipped');
+        assert.equal(view.block.node.dataset.key, 'autotag_skipped_tags');
+        assert.equal(view.preview().textContent, 'Checking…');
+        await tick();
+        assert.deepEqual(view.posts.map(post => [post.url, post.body]),
+            [['/prompt_manager/autotag/skipped-tags/preview', { entries: ['blurry', 'signature'] }]]);
+        assert.equal(view.preview().textContent, 'Hides 2 tags from suggestions: blurry, signature. Tags already on images are not changed.');
+        const chips = view.chips().children;
+        assert.deepEqual(chips.map(chip => [chip.className, chip.title, chip.textContent]), [
+            ['chip tag-suggestion none', 'Hides no known tag', 'blurrynone×'],
+            ['chip tag-suggestion', 'Hides 1 tag', 'signature1×']]);
+        assert.equal(chips[1].children[2].getAttribute('aria-label'), 'Remove signature');
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+});
+
+test('add and remove draft the list; a list set back is clean; Enter adds', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted();
+    try {
+        await view.add('  closed eyes ');
+        assert.deepEqual(view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_skipped_tags'), ['blurry', 'closed eyes']);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('tag-skipped-input').value, '');
+        assert.equal(view.drafts.dirty(), true);
+        view.byId('tag-skipped-input').value = 'sky';
+        let prevented = false;
+        await view.byId('tag-skipped-input').dispatch('keydown', { key: 'Enter', preventDefault: () => { prevented = true; } });
+        assert.equal(prevented, true);
+        await view.byId('tag-skipped-input').dispatch('keydown', { key: 'a' });
+        assert.deepEqual(view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_skipped_tags'), ['blurry', 'closed eyes', 'sky']);
+        // Remove the two added chips: the list equals the saved one and nothing is unsaved (sameDraft).
+        const removeButton = index => view.chips().children[index].children.at(-1);
+        removeButton(2).focus();
+        await removeButton(2).dispatch('click');
+        assert.equal(global.document.activeElement, removeButton(1), 'focus moves to the neighbour');
+        await removeButton(1).dispatch('click');
+        assert.deepEqual(view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_skipped_tags'), ['blurry']);
+        assert.equal(view.drafts.dirty(), false);
+        await tick();
+        // Only the last list of a quick series is asked for.
+        assert.deepEqual(view.posts.map(post => post.body.entries), [['blurry']]);
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+});
+
+test('a refused entry is not added and the line under the input says why', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted();
+    try {
+        const problem = () => view.byId('tag-skipped-problem').textContent;
+        await view.add('Blurry');
+        assert.equal(problem(), 'Already in the list.');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('tag-skipped-input').getAttribute('aria-invalid'), 'true');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('tag-skipped-input').value, 'Blurry');
+        await view.byId('tag-skipped-input').dispatch('input');
+        assert.equal(problem(), '');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('tag-skipped-input').getAttribute('aria-invalid'), null);
+        await view.add('a,b');
+        assert.equal(problem(), 'No commas or line breaks.');
+        await view.add(' ');
+        assert.equal(problem(), 'Enter a word.');
+        assert.deepEqual(view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_skipped_tags'), ['blurry']);
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+});
+
+test('a full list disables Add and says so', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted({ saved: Array.from({ length: 200 }, (_, i) => `w${i}`) });
+    try {
+        assert.equal(view.byId('tag-skipped-add').disabled, true);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('tag-skipped-problem').textContent, 'The list is full (200).');
+        await view.chips().children[0].children.at(-1).dispatch('click');
+        assert.equal(view.byId('tag-skipped-add').disabled, false);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('tag-skipped-problem').textContent, '');
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+});
+
+test('an empty list says no tags are skipped without a request', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted({ saved: [] });
+    try {
+        await tick();
+        assert.equal(view.preview().textContent, 'No tags are skipped.');
+        assert.deepEqual(view.posts, []);
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+});
+
+test('a failed preview says so; a newer list aborts the older request', async () => {
+    let calls = 0;
+    const view = await mounted({ answer: (body, options) => {
+        calls += 1;
+        if (calls === 1) return new Promise((_resolve, reject) => options.signal.addEventListener('abort', () => reject(new Error('aborted'))));
+        return Promise.reject(Object.assign(new Error('busy'), { code: 'busy' }));
+    } });
+    try {
+        await tick();
+        assert.equal(view.posts.length, 1);
+        await view.add('sky');
+        assert.equal(view.posts[0].signal.aborted, true);
+        await tick();
+        assert.equal(view.preview().textContent, 'The preview could not be read.');
+        // The list stays editable.
+        assert.equal(view.byId('tag-skipped-input').disabled, false);
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+});
+
+test('before the settings are read the controls are disabled', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted({ host: false });
+    try {
+        assert.equal(view.byId('tag-skipped-input').disabled, true);
+        assert.equal(view.byId('tag-skipped-add').disabled, true);
+        await view.add('sky');
+        assert.equal(view.drafts.get('host', 'autotag_skipped_tags'), undefined);
+    } finally { view.scope.dispose(); view.dom.restore(); }
+});
+
+test('leaving the section aborts a request in flight and the pending timer', async () => {
+    const view = await mounted({ answer: (_body, options) => new Promise((_r, reject) => options.signal.addEventListener('abort', () => reject(new Error('x')))) });
+    await tick();
+    assert.equal(view.posts.length, 1);
+    view.scope.dispose();
+    assert.equal(view.posts[0].signal.aborted, true);
+    view.dom.restore();
+});

tests/js/workspace-system-state.test.js

@@ -402,11 +402,12 @@ test('a partial host save keeps what saved, adopts its revision and fails only t
     assert.equal(drafts.statusText(), 'missing can\'t be used: not found. Remove it or reconnect it, then save.');
     // The next save carries the revision the saved part produced: no false "changed elsewhere".
     domains.outcome.host = null;
-    drafts.set('host', 'gallery_root_paths', ['a']);
+    // (#431: a list equal to the saved one is no change, so a different one is drafted.)
+    drafts.set('host', 'gallery_root_paths', ['a', 'b']);
     const second = await drafts.save();
     assert.equal(second.host, 'saved');
     assert.equal(domains.calls.at(-1)[2].expected_revision, 'sha256:lora');
-    assert.deepEqual(domains.calls.at(-1)[1], { gallery_root_paths: ['a'] });
+    assert.deepEqual(domains.calls.at(-1)[1], { gallery_root_paths: ['a', 'b'] });
     // Without a server reason, the status says some were saved and the highlighted ones were not.
     domains.outcome.host = () => { throw Object.assign(new Error('boom'), { partial: { saved: ['x'], revision: 'sha256:three' } }); };
     drafts.set('host', 'x', 1);
@@ -429,3 +430,39 @@ test('runtime adapter maps config.level to runtime_level and back', async () =>
     assert.deepEqual(runtimeBody({ runtime_level: 'WARNING' }), { level: 'WARNING' });
     assert.deepEqual(runtimeBody({ runtime_level: 'CRITICAL', console_logging: true }), { level: 'CRITICAL', console_logging: true });
 });
+
+test('sameDraft compares arrays and plain objects by value, keys in any order (#431)', async () => {
+    const { sameDraft } = await source;
+    assert.equal(sameDraft(1, 1), true);
+    assert.equal(sameDraft(Number.NaN, Number.NaN), true);
+    assert.equal(sameDraft(0, -0), false);
+    assert.equal(sameDraft(['a', 'b'], ['a', 'b']), true);
+    assert.equal(sameDraft(['a', 'b'], ['b', 'a']), false);
+    assert.equal(sameDraft([], []), true);
+    assert.equal(sameDraft([], {}), false);
+    assert.equal(sameDraft({ gguf: 'x', hf: 'y' }, { hf: 'y', gguf: 'x' }), true);
+    assert.equal(sameDraft([{ id: 'a', name: 'n' }], [{ name: 'n', id: 'a' }]), true);
+    assert.equal(sameDraft({ a: 1 }, { a: 2 }), false);
+    assert.equal(sameDraft('a', ['a']), false);
+    assert.equal(sameDraft(null, {}), false);
+    assert.equal(sameDraft(new Date(0), new Date(0)), false);
+});
+
+test('a list draft set back to the saved list is clean, and a save cleans it (#431)', async () => {
+    const domains = adapters({ host: { autotag_skipped_tags: ['blurry'] } });
+    const drafts = await loaded(domains);
+    drafts.set('host', 'autotag_skipped_tags', ['blurry', 'signature']);
+    assert.equal(drafts.dirty('host'), true);
+    // Removing the added chip builds a new array equal to the saved one.
+    drafts.set('host', 'autotag_skipped_tags', ['blurry']);
+    assert.equal(drafts.dirty('host'), false);
+    drafts.set('host', 'autotag_skipped_tags', ['signature']);
+    await drafts.save();
+    assert.equal(drafts.dirty('host'), false);
+    assert.deepEqual(drafts.saved('host').autotag_skipped_tags, ['signature']);
+    // A reload whose list equals the draft's (a new array) keeps nothing dirty.
+    drafts.set('host', 'autotag_skipped_tags', ['sky']);
+    domains.readHost = async () => ({ values: { autotag_skipped_tags: ['sky'] }, revision: 'sha256:three' });
+    await drafts.load('host');
+    assert.equal(drafts.dirty('host'), false);
+});

tests/js/workspace-system-tagging.test.js

@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ function fakeDOM() {
                 this.children.push(node);
             }
         }
+        replaceChildren(...nodes) { this.children = []; this._text = ''; this.append(...nodes); }
+        focus() { global.document.activeElement = this; }
         remove() { if (this.parentNode) this.parentNode.children = this.parentNode.children.filter(child => child !== this); this.parentNode = null; }
         setAttribute(name, value) { this.attributes[name] = String(value); }
         getAttribute(name) { return Object.hasOwn(this.attributes, name) ? this.attributes[name] : null; }
@@ -65,7 +67,9 @@ function fakeDOM() {
 }
 
 const HOST = { autotag_model_type: 'wd14-swinv2', autotag_existing: 'skip', autotag_general_threshold: 0.35,
-    autotag_character_threshold: 0.85, autotag_suggestion_limit: 10, autotag_template: 'Describe the image as tags.' };
+    autotag_character_threshold: 0.85, autotag_suggestion_limit: 10, autotag_builtin_instructions: 'Built-in tags.',
+    autotag_instructions: [{ id: '0123456789ab', name: 'Describe', text: 'Describe the image as tags.' }],
+    autotag_default_instructions: { gguf: '0123456789ab', hf: 'builtin' } };
 const entry = (label, size, extra = {}) => ({ name: label, label, size_label: size, downloaded: true, loaded: false, ...extra });
 const MODELS = {
     success: true,
@@ -124,7 +128,8 @@ test('the section keeps the concept surface, rows, labels and actions in order',
     for (const option of ['Skip already tagged', 'Merge with existing', 'Replace after review']) assert.ok(body.includes(option) && SOURCE.includes(`'${option}'`));
     assert.ok(body.includes('<h2>Auto-tagging</h2>') && SOURCE.includes("'h2', 'Auto-tagging'"));
     assert.ok(body.includes('One tagging configuration for images and prompt-library actions. Every result can be reviewed before applying.'));
-    assert.ok(body.includes('LLM tag template') && SOURCE.includes("'LLM tag template'"));
+    // D203 (#431): Saved instructions replace the concept's template field.
+    assert.ok(body.includes('LLM tag template') && !SOURCE.includes("'LLM tag template'"));
     assert.ok(body.includes('"Preview tagging review", "tag-review", "", "ca-primary"'));
     // Prototype copy is never shipped.
     for (const sample of ['Simulate download', 'Simulate unload', 'Ollama']) assert.ok(!SOURCE.includes(sample), sample);
@@ -167,27 +172,25 @@ test('controls draft their host keys; numbers as numbers, other text as typed',
     const { SETTING_KEYS, coerceNumber, draftValue } = await tagging;
     assert.deepEqual(SETTING_KEYS, { 'tag-model': 'autotag_model_type', 'tag-existing': 'autotag_existing',
         'threshold-general': 'autotag_general_threshold', 'threshold-character': 'autotag_character_threshold',
-        'tag-suggestions': 'autotag_suggestion_limit', 'tag-template': 'autotag_template' });
+        'tag-suggestions': 'autotag_suggestion_limit' });
     assert.deepEqual(['0.4', ' 1.5 ', '15', '', 'abc', '1e-1'].map(coerceNumber), [0.4, 1.5, 15, '', 'abc', 0.1]);
     assert.equal(draftValue('autotag_suggestion_limit', '15'), 15);
-    assert.equal(draftValue('autotag_template', ' 12 '), ' 12 ');
+    assert.equal(draftValue('autotag_existing', ' 12 '), ' 12 ');
     assert.equal(draftValue('autotag_existing', undefined), '');
     const { dom, drafts, scope, byId } = await mounted();
     try {
         assert.equal(byId('tag-model').value, 'wd14-swinv2');
         assert.equal(byId('threshold-general').value, '0.35');
-        assert.equal(byId('tag-template').value, HOST.autotag_template);
         assert.deepEqual([byId('threshold-general').min, byId('threshold-general').max, byId('threshold-general').step], ['0', '1', '0.05']);
         assert.deepEqual([byId('tag-suggestions').min, byId('tag-suggestions').max], ['1', '100']);
         byId('tag-existing').value = 'merge'; await byId('tag-existing').dispatch('change');
         byId('threshold-general').value = '0.4'; await byId('threshold-general').dispatch('change');
         byId('tag-suggestions').value = '15'; await byId('tag-suggestions').dispatch('change');
-        byId('tag-template').value = 'Tags only.'; await byId('tag-template').dispatch('input');
         assert.deepEqual(drafts.changes('host'), { autotag_existing: 'merge', autotag_general_threshold: 0.4,
-            autotag_suggestion_limit: 15, autotag_template: 'Tags only.' });
+            autotag_suggestion_limit: 15 });
         // Every control names its stored key, so a refused save highlights it (D92).
         for (const id of Object.keys(SETTING_KEYS)) assert.equal(byId(id).dataset.key, SETTING_KEYS[id]);
-        assert.equal(byId('tag-template').dataset.setting, 'tag-template');
+        assert.equal(byId('tag-template'), undefined);
     } finally { scope.dispose(); assert.equal(dom.listenerCount(), 0); dom.restore(); }
 });
 
@@ -201,7 +204,8 @@ test('opening the section reads the model status once; the select waits for it',
         assert.deepEqual(byId('tag-model').options.map(option => option.textContent),
             ['WD14 SwinV2 · ~400 MB', 'WD14 ViT · ~400 MB', 'GGUF JoyCaption · ~4.5 GB', 'HuggingFace JoyCaption · ~16 GB']);
         assert.deepEqual(surface.children.map(node => node.className),
-            ['', '', 'setting-row', 'setting-row', 'setting-row', 'setting-row', 'setting-row', 'field', 'row-actions', 'operation']);
+            ['', '', 'setting-row', 'setting-row', 'setting-row', 'setting-row', 'setting-row', 'setting-block', 'setting-block', 'setting-row',
+            'setting-row', 'small instruction-reset', 'row-actions', 'operation']);
     } finally { scope.dispose(); dom.restore(); }
     const failed = await mounted({ modelsFail: true });
     try {
@@ -302,7 +306,9 @@ test('Preview tagging review opens the Tag image dialog with the section’s val
     assert.deepEqual(taggingPreset(HOST), { model: 'wd14-swinv2', options: { general_threshold: 0.35, character_threshold: 0.85,
         suggestion_limit: 10 } });
     assert.deepEqual(taggingPreset({ ...HOST, autotag_model_type: 'gguf' }), { model: 'gguf',
-        options: { instructions: HOST.autotag_template, suggestion_limit: 10 } });
+        options: { instructions: 'Describe the image as tags.', suggestion_limit: 10 } });
+    // D205 (#431): each language-model engine reads its own drafted default; Built-in's text comes from the server.
+    assert.deepEqual(taggingPreset({ ...HOST, autotag_model_type: 'hf' }).options.instructions, 'Built-in tags.');
     assert.equal(draftProblem(HOST), null);
     assert.deepEqual(draftProblem({ ...HOST, autotag_general_threshold: 1.5 }),
         { key: 'autotag_general_threshold', message: 'General-tag confidence must be between 0 and 1.' });
@@ -319,15 +325,17 @@ test('Preview tagging review opens the Tag image dialog with the section’s val
     assert.equal(taggingPreset({ ...HOST, autotag_general_threshold: 0.1 + 0.2 }).options.general_threshold, 0.3);
     assert.equal(draftProblem({ ...HOST, autotag_suggestion_limit: 2.5 }).key, 'autotag_suggestion_limit');
     assert.equal(draftProblem({ ...HOST, autotag_suggestion_limit: 0 }, { limit: false }), null);
-    assert.deepEqual(draftProblem({ ...HOST, autotag_model_type: 'hf', autotag_template: '  ' }),
-        { key: 'autotag_template', message: 'LLM tag template must be non-empty text.' });
-    assert.deepEqual(draftProblem({ ...HOST, autotag_model_type: 'hf', autotag_template: 'x'.repeat(4001) }),
-        { key: 'autotag_template', message: 'LLM tag template must be at most 4000 characters.' });
+    // #431: a saved entry the server would refuse holds back a language-model run, with the server's sentence.
+    const entries = list => ({ ...HOST, autotag_model_type: 'hf', autotag_instructions: list });
+    assert.deepEqual(draftProblem(entries([{ id: '0123456789ab', name: 'A', text: '  ' }])),
+        { key: 'autotag_instructions', message: 'Saved instructions: entry 1 text must be non-empty text.' });
+    assert.deepEqual(draftProblem(entries([{ id: '0123456789ab', name: 'A', text: 'x'.repeat(4001) }])),
+        { key: 'autotag_instructions', message: 'Saved instructions: entry 1 text must be at most 4000 characters.' });
     // Characters are code points, as Python's len counts them: 4000 emoji (8000 UTF-16 units) are allowed.
-    assert.equal(draftProblem({ ...HOST, autotag_model_type: 'hf', autotag_template: '🏜'.repeat(4000) }), null);
-    assert.equal(draftProblem({ ...HOST, autotag_model_type: 'hf', autotag_template: '🏜'.repeat(4001) }).key, 'autotag_template');
-    // A WD14 run never reads the template, nor a language model the thresholds.
-    assert.equal(draftProblem({ ...HOST, autotag_template: '' }), null);
+    assert.equal(draftProblem(entries([{ id: '0123456789ab', name: 'A', text: '🏜'.repeat(4000) }])), null);
+    assert.equal(draftProblem(entries([{ id: '0123456789ab', name: 'A', text: '🏜'.repeat(4001) }])).key, 'autotag_instructions');
+    // A WD14 run never reads the instructions, nor a language model the thresholds.
+    assert.equal(draftProblem({ ...HOST, autotag_instructions: [{ id: '0123456789ab', name: '', text: '' }] }), null);
     assert.equal(draftProblem({ ...HOST, autotag_model_type: 'gguf', autotag_general_threshold: 7 }), null);
 
     const none = await mounted({ image: null });
@@ -372,9 +380,12 @@ test('the batch review grid, body and Cancel-only reasons (D134, #379, CUJ 4–5
         ['Settings', 'General 0.35 · Character 0.85 · up to 10 tags per image'], ['Backup', 'Create and verify before changes']]);
     const llm = { ...HOST, autotag_model_type: 'gguf' };
     assert.deepEqual(batchGrid({ ...PLAN, model: { type: 'gguf' }, backup: { policy: 'off' }, estimate_seconds: null,
-        estimate_device: null, suggestion_limit: 4 }, llm).slice(-3),
+        estimate_device: null, suggestion_limit: 4 }, llm).slice(-4),
     [['Time', 'Language-model engines take longer per image. Activity shows the time left once tagging starts.'],
-        ['Settings', 'Template of 27 characters · up to 4 tags per image'], ['Backup', 'No safety backup (the policy is off)']]);
+        ['Instructions', 'Describe'], ['Settings', 'Up to 4 tags per image'], ['Backup', 'No safety backup (the policy is off)']]);
+    // D205 (#431): HF shows its own default by name.
+    assert.deepEqual(batchGrid({ ...PLAN, model: { type: 'hf' } }, { ...llm, autotag_model_type: 'hf' }).find(([term]) => term === 'Instructions'),
+        ['Instructions', 'Built-in']);
     assert.equal(batchGrid({}, HOST)[2][1], '0');
     assert.equal(batchGrid({}, HOST)[6][1], 'General 0.35 · Character 0.85');
     assert.equal(existingLabel('odd'), 'odd');
@@ -382,7 +393,7 @@ test('the batch review grid, body and Cancel-only reasons (D134, #379, CUJ 4–5
         options: { general_threshold: 0.35, character_threshold: 0.85 } });
     // #369: a threshold a hair off the grid is sent snapped to it.
     assert.equal(batchBody({ ...HOST, autotag_character_threshold: 0.1 + 0.2 }).options.character_threshold, 0.3);
-    assert.deepEqual(batchBody(llm), { model_type: 'gguf', existing: 'skip', options: { instructions: HOST.autotag_template } });
+    assert.deepEqual(batchBody(llm), { model_type: 'gguf', existing: 'skip', options: { instructions: 'Describe the image as tags.' } });
     assert.equal(batchCloseNote(PLAN), null);
     assert.equal(batchCloseNote({ ...PLAN, review_required: true }), REPLACE_NOTE);
     assert.equal(REPLACE_NOTE, 'Replacing tags needs a review of each image. Use Preview tagging review, or choose Skip or Merge for a batch run.');

tests/test_api_annotation_suggest.py

@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ class FakeTagger:
         self.calls = []
         self.read_paths = []
         self.read_bytes = []
+        self.skips = []
         self.download_model = MagicMock(side_effect=AssertionError("downloaded"))
         self.load_error = None
         self.block = None  # (entered, proceed) events
@@ -115,8 +116,10 @@ class FakeTagger:
         prompt=None,
         general_threshold=None,
         character_threshold=None,
+        skip=None,
     ):
         self.read_paths.append(image_path)
+        self.skips.append(skip)
         with open(image_path, "rb") as handle:
             self.read_bytes.append(handle.read())
         self.calls.append(
@@ -132,9 +135,11 @@ class FakeTagger:
             entered, proceed = self.block
             entered.set()
             proceed.wait(WAIT)
+        # As the engine does (#431): a skipped tag uses up no slot.
+        kept = [pair for pair in SCORED if skip is None or not skip.matches(pair[0])]
         if self.loaded.startswith("wd14"):
-            return list(SCORED[:limit])
-        return [(name, None) for name, _ in SCORED[:limit]]
+            return list(kept[:limit])
+        return [(name, None) for name, _ in kept[:limit]]
 
 
 class SuggestTestCase(AnnotationAPITestCase):

tests/test_api_annotations.py

@@ -1144,8 +1144,10 @@ class TestEnvelopes(AnnotationAPITestCase):
         self.assertEqual(
             sorted(await self.json_of(resp)),
             [
+                "default_instructions",  # #431 adds the saved instructions
                 "default_prompt",
                 "existing",  # #328 adds the saved batch policy and model
+                "instructions",
                 "loaded_model_type",
                 "model_loaded",
                 "model_type",

tests/test_api_autotag.py

@@ -129,8 +129,10 @@ class FakeAutotagService:
         prompt=None,
         general_threshold=None,
         character_threshold=None,
+        skip=None,
     ):
-        """The suggestion entry point (#379): the fixed tags, at most ``limit``."""
+        """The suggestion entry point (#379): the fixed tags, at most ``limit``,
+        without the ones ``skip`` hides (#431)."""
         self.suggest_calls += 1
         tags = self.generate_tags(
             image_path,
@@ -138,6 +140,7 @@ class FakeAutotagService:
             general_threshold=general_threshold,
             character_threshold=character_threshold,
         )
+        tags = [name for name in tags if skip is None or not skip.matches(name)]
         return [(name, None) for name in tags[:limit]]
 
 
@@ -1533,7 +1536,8 @@ class TestSavedTaggingDefaults(AutotagAPITestCase):
             "EXISTING",
             "GENERAL_THRESHOLD",
             "CHARACTER_THRESHOLD",
-            "TEMPLATE",
+            "INSTRUCTIONS",
+            "DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS",
             "SUGGESTION_LIMIT",
         ):
             self.addCleanup(setattr, AutotagConfig, attr, getattr(AutotagConfig, attr))
@@ -1554,7 +1558,11 @@ class TestSavedTaggingDefaults(AutotagAPITestCase):
         self.config.EXISTING = "replace_after_review"
         self.config.GENERAL_THRESHOLD = 0.4
         self.config.CHARACTER_THRESHOLD = 0.7
-        self.config.TEMPLATE = "Saved template"
+        # #431: the saved engine's default instructions.
+        self.config.INSTRUCTIONS = (
+            {"id": "0123456789ab", "name": "Saved", "text": "Saved template"},
+        )
+        self.config.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS = {"gguf": "0123456789ab", "hf": "builtin"}
         self.config.SUGGESTION_LIMIT = 15
         data = await (await self.client.get("/prompt_manager/autotag/models")).json()
         self.assertEqual(
@@ -1578,6 +1586,27 @@ class TestSavedTaggingDefaults(AutotagAPITestCase):
                 "suggestion_limit": 15,
             },
         )
+        # Built-in first with every text, and each engine's default.
+        self.assertEqual(
+            data["instructions"],
+            [
+                {"id": "builtin", "name": "Built-in", "text": DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE},
+                {"id": "0123456789ab", "name": "Saved", "text": "Saved template"},
+            ],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            data["default_instructions"], {"gguf": "0123456789ab", "hf": "builtin"}
+        )
+        # HF reads its own default; a WD14 engine reads GGUF's.
+        for model_type, prompt in (
+            ("hf", DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE),
+            ("wd14-vit", "Saved template"),
+        ):
+            self.config.MODEL_TYPE = model_type
+            data = await (
+                await self.client.get("/prompt_manager/autotag/models")
+            ).json()
+            self.assertEqual(data["default_prompt"], prompt, model_type)
 
     async def test_single_without_thresholds_uses_saved_ones(self):
         image = self._make_image(self.output_dir)

tests/test_api_maintenance_pair_metadata.py

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+"""Pair category and tags repair through the maintenance routes (#550).
+
+``pair_metadata`` is reviewed and applied like the other maintenance plans:
+``options`` must be ``{}``, the job is titled "Pair category and tags", the
+safety backup follows the ``maintenance.safety_backup`` policy, and the job's
+downloadable report lists every filled prompt, never cut at 200 rows.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import os
+import sys
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
+
+_mock_server = MagicMock()
+_mock_server.PromptServer.instance.routes = MagicMock()
+sys.modules.setdefault("server", _mock_server)
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+
+from py.api.jobs import MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS  # noqa: E402
+from py.api.maintenance import MAINTENANCE_TITLES  # noqa: E402
+from py.config import PromptManagerConfig  # noqa: E402
+
+try:
+    from tests.test_api_maintenance import WAIT, ApplyTestCase  # noqa: E402
+except ImportError:  # discovered with tests/ as the top-level directory
+    from test_api_maintenance import WAIT, ApplyTestCase  # noqa: E402
+
+OPERATION = "pair_metadata"
+TITLE = "Pair category and tags"
+
+
+class PairMetadataAPITestCase(ApplyTestCase):
+    def pair(self, positive, negative="", **metadata):
+        pair_id = self.api.db.save_prompt_pair(positive, negative, **metadata)
+        with self.api.db.model.get_connection() as conn:
+            prompt = conn.execute(
+                "SELECT positive_prompt_id FROM prompt_pairs WHERE id=?", (pair_id,)
+            ).fetchone()[0]
+        return pair_id, prompt
+
+    def category(self, prompt_id):
+        with self.api.db.model.get_connection() as conn:
+            return conn.execute(
+                "SELECT category FROM prompts WHERE id=?", (prompt_id,)
+            ).fetchone()[0]
+
+
+class TestPairMetadataRoutes(PairMetadataAPITestCase):
+    async def test_preview_accepts_the_operation_and_no_options(self):
+        self.assertEqual(MAINTENANCE_TITLES[OPERATION], TITLE)
+        self.pair("a cat", category="portrait", tags=["a"])
+        plan = await self.preview(OPERATION)
+        self.assertEqual(plan["operation"], OPERATION)
+        self.assertEqual(plan["scope"]["count"], 1)
+        self.assertEqual(plan["backup"]["policy"], "on")
+        refused = await self.preview(OPERATION, 400, options={"all": True})
+        self.assertEqual(refused["code"], "invalid-request")
+
+    async def test_apply_fills_with_a_backup_and_names_it(self):
+        _pair, prompt = self.pair("a cat", "neg", category="portrait", tags=["a", "b"])
+        plan, summary, job = await self.run_apply(OPERATION)
+        self.assertEqual(summary["title"], TITLE)
+        self.assertEqual(summary["admission"], "records")
+        self.assertEqual(job.state, "finished", job.log)
+        self.assertEqual(self.category(prompt), "portrait")
+        [backup] = self.backups()
+        self.assertEqual(
+            job.status_line,
+            "Filled 1 prompt from its saved pairs (1 category, 1 tag set) · "
+            f"Safety backup {backup}",
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            job.outcomes["changed"][0]["detail"],
+            f"Prompt {prompt}: category “portrait”; tags a, b",
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(job.counters["changed"], 1)
+
+    async def test_protected_prompts_are_counted(self):
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("conflict", "n1", category="x")
+        self.pair("conflict", "n2", category="y")
+        self.pair("fill me", category="portrait")
+        plan, _summary, job = await self.run_apply(OPERATION)
+        self.assertEqual(plan["protected"]["reasons"], ["1 where pairs disagree"])
+        self.assertEqual(job.counters["protected"], 1)
+        self.assertIsNone(self.category(prompt))
+        # Live test (#550): the count comes with its rows, in the review's wording.
+        self.assertEqual(
+            job.outcomes["protected"],
+            [
+                {
+                    "path": "",
+                    "root": "",
+                    "root_index": None,
+                    "detail": (
+                        f"Prompt {prompt}: kept, pairs disagree on category: x, y"
+                    ),
+                }
+            ],
+        )
+        report = job.report()["outcomes"]["protected"]
+        self.assertEqual((report["count"], report["truncated"]), (1, False))
+
+    async def test_report_lists_every_kept_prompt(self):
+        PromptManagerConfig.SAFETY_BACKUP = False
+        count = MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS + 5
+        for n in range(count):
+            _pair, prompt = self.pair(f"kept {n:03d}", category="portrait")
+            with self.api.db.model.get_connection() as conn:
+                conn.execute(
+                    "UPDATE prompts SET updated_at='2099-01-01T00:00:00+00:00' "
+                    "WHERE id=?",
+                    (prompt,),
+                )
+        _plan, _summary, job = await self.run_apply(OPERATION)
+        self.assertEqual(job.counters["protected"], count)
+        self.assertEqual(len(job.outcomes["protected"]), MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS)
+        protected = job.report()["outcomes"]["protected"]
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (len(protected["rows"]), protected["truncated"]), (count, False)
+        )
+        self.assertTrue(
+            protected["rows"][0]["detail"].endswith(
+                ": kept, edited after it was saved; its empty category or tags "
+                "may be intentional"
+            )
+        )
+
+    async def test_policy_off_writes_without_a_backup(self):
+        PromptManagerConfig.SAFETY_BACKUP = False
+        _pair, prompt = self.pair("no backup", category="portrait")
+        plan, _summary, job = await self.run_apply(OPERATION)
+        self.assertEqual(plan["backup"]["policy"], "off")
+        self.assertEqual(job.state, "finished", job.log)
+        self.assertIn("No safety backup (the policy is off)", "\n".join(job.log))
+        self.assertTrue(job.status_line.endswith("· No safety backup"))
+        self.assertEqual(self.backups(), [])
+        self.assertEqual(self.category(prompt), "portrait")
+
+    async def test_reviewed_with_the_policy_on_keeps_the_backup(self):
+        self.pair("promise", category="portrait")
+        plan = await self.preview(OPERATION)
+        PromptManagerConfig.SAFETY_BACKUP = False
+        body = await self.apply(plan["token"])
+        job = self.api._jobs.get(body["job"]["id"])
+        await asyncio.wait_for(asyncio.shield(job.task), WAIT)
+        self.assertEqual(len(self.backups()), 1)
+
+    async def test_plan_changed_writes_nothing(self):
+        pair_id, prompt = self.pair("drift", category="portrait")
+        plan = await self.preview(OPERATION)
+        self.api.db.update_prompt_pair_metadata(pair_id, category="landscape")
+        body = await self.apply(plan["token"])
+        job = self.api._jobs.get(body["job"]["id"])
+        await asyncio.wait_for(asyncio.shield(job.task), WAIT)
+        self.assertEqual(job.state, "failed")
+        self.assertEqual(job.last_event["code"], "plan-changed")
+        self.assertIsNone(self.category(prompt))
+
+    async def test_report_lists_every_filled_prompt(self):
+        PromptManagerConfig.SAFETY_BACKUP = False
+        count = MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS + 5
+        for n in range(count):
+            self.pair(f"bulk {n:03d}", category="portrait")
+        _plan, _summary, job = await self.run_apply(OPERATION)
+        self.assertEqual(job.state, "finished", job.log)
+        self.assertEqual(len(job.outcomes["changed"]), MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS)
+        response = await self.client.request(
+            "GET", f"/prompt_manager/jobs/{job.id}/report"
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(response.status, 200)
+        report = await response.json()
+        changed = report["outcomes"]["changed"]
+        self.assertEqual(changed["count"], count)
+        self.assertEqual(len(changed["rows"]), count)
+        self.assertFalse(changed["truncated"])
+        self.assertTrue(
+            all(
+                row["detail"].endswith("category “portrait”") for row in changed["rows"]
+            )
+        )

tests/test_api_workspace_images.py

@@ -908,20 +908,20 @@ class TestWorkspaceImages(ImageAPITestCase):
 
     async def test_one_cards_parse_error_spares_the_page(self):
         prompt = self._save_prompt("a fox")
-        for name, mtime in (("bad.png", 200), ("ok.png", 100)):
+        # Cards are read on the image pool (#523), in no fixed order: the
+        # parser fails on bad.png's own record (seed 6), not on a call count.
+        for name, mtime, seed in (("bad.png", 200, 6), ("ok.png", 100, 5)):
             path = records_png(
-                self.output_dir / name, seeded_records("a fox", 5), mtime
+                self.output_dir / name, seeded_records("a fox", seed), mtime
             )
             self.api.db.link_image_to_prompt(prompt, str(path))
         real_parse = header_params_of_images()
 
         def parsing(info):
-            if parsing.calls == 0:
-                parsing.calls += 1
+            if '"seed": 6' in info["prompt"]:
                 raise RuntimeError("unexpected parser bug")
             return real_parse(info)
 
-        parsing.calls = 0
         with (
             patch("py.api.images.header_params", side_effect=parsing),
             self.assertLogs(self.api.logger, "WARNING") as logged,

tests/test_autotag_batch.py

@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@ class PerImageTagger(HookedTagger):
         names = self.by_bytes.get(self.read_bytes[-1])
         if names is None:
             return result
+        skip = kwargs.get("skip")  # as the engine does (#431)
+        names = [name for name in names if skip is None or not skip.matches(name)]
         return [(name, 0.9) for name in names][: kwargs["limit"]]
 
 

tests/test_autotag_legacy.py

@@ -158,7 +158,30 @@ class TestLegacyBatch(LegacyTestCase):
         self.image("b.png", (2, 2, 2))
         await self.relist()
         await self.legacy("model_type=gguf&prompt=%20")
-        self.assertEqual(self.tagger.calls[-1]["prompt"], AutotagConfig.TEMPLATE)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.tagger.calls[-1]["prompt"],
+            AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text("gguf"),
+        )
+        # #431: a blank prompt falls back to the request engine's own default.
+        saved = (AutotagConfig.INSTRUCTIONS, AutotagConfig.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS)
+        self.addCleanup(
+            lambda: (
+                setattr(AutotagConfig, "INSTRUCTIONS", saved[0]),
+                setattr(AutotagConfig, "DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS", saved[1]),
+            )
+        )
+        AutotagConfig.INSTRUCTIONS = (
+            {"id": "0123456789ab", "name": "Photo", "text": "Photo tags."},
+        )
+        AutotagConfig.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS = {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "0123456789ab"}
+        for model_type, expected in (
+            ("hf", "Photo tags."),
+            ("gguf", AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text("gguf")),
+        ):
+            self.image(f"{model_type}.png", (3, 3, len(model_type)))
+            await self.relist()
+            await self.legacy(f"model_type={model_type}&prompt=%20&skip_tagged=false")
+            self.assertEqual(self.tagger.calls[-1]["prompt"], expected, model_type)
         self.assertEqual(self.tagger.custom_prompt, "legacy prompt")
 
     async def test_a_missing_backend_package_is_one_error_frame(self):

tests/test_config.py

@@ -442,8 +442,11 @@ class TestAutotagConfig(unittest.TestCase):
                 "EXISTING",
                 "GENERAL_THRESHOLD",
                 "CHARACTER_THRESHOLD",
-                "TEMPLATE",
                 "SUGGESTION_LIMIT",
+                "SKIPPED_TAGS",
+                "INSTRUCTIONS",
+                "DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS",
+                "_LEGACY_TEMPLATE",
             )
         }
 
@@ -487,16 +490,14 @@ class TestAutotagConfig(unittest.TestCase):
                     "general_threshold": 0.35,
                     "character_threshold": 0.85,
                     "suggestion_limit": 10,
+                    "skipped_tags": [],
+                    "instructions": [],
+                    "default_instructions": {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "builtin"},
                 }
             },
         )
-        # The built-in template is not written; a saved one is.
-        self.config_class.TEMPLATE = "Saved."
-        self.assertEqual(
-            PromptManagerConfig.get_config()["autotag"]["defaults"]["template"],
-            "Saved.",
-        )
-        self.config_class.TEMPLATE = config_module.DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE
+        # #431: the old template key is written only as the GGUF default's
+        # mirror (test_saved_instructions covers it).
         with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
             path = os.path.join(tmpdir, "config.json")
             PromptManagerConfig.update_config(
@@ -524,16 +525,16 @@ class TestAutotagConfig(unittest.TestCase):
             "existing": "merge",
             "general_threshold": 0.4,
             "character_threshold": 0.7,
-            "template": "Tags only.",
             "suggestion_limit": 15,
+            "skipped_tags": ("blurry", "closed eyes"),
         }
         fallback = {
             "model_type": "wd14-swinv2",
             "existing": "skip",
             "general_threshold": 0.35,
             "character_threshold": 0.85,
-            "template": config_module.DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE,
             "suggestion_limit": 10,
+            "skipped_tags": (),
         }
         bad_values = {
             "model_type": ["wd14-convnext", 3, None],
@@ -544,6 +545,8 @@ class TestAutotagConfig(unittest.TestCase):
             # 4000 characters are at most 16,000 UTF-8 bytes, so the 16 KiB
             # byte cap can only be met past the character cap.
             "template": ["", "   ", "x" * 4001, "\U0001f600" * 4097, "\ud800", 7],
+            # #431: the whole list falls back; entries are never dropped one by one.
+            "skipped_tags": ["blurry", ["a,b"], ["sky", "Sky"], [""], ["x"] * 201],
         }
         for key, values in bad_values.items():
             for value in values:
@@ -552,7 +555,7 @@ class TestAutotagConfig(unittest.TestCase):
                     with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
                         path = os.path.join(tmpdir, "config.json")
                         with open(path, "w") as f:
-                            json.dump({"autotag": {"defaults": saved}}, f)
+                            json.dump({"autotag": {"defaults": saved}}, f, default=list)
                         with self.assertLogs(
                             "prompt_manager.config", level="WARNING"
                         ) as logs:
@@ -563,7 +566,32 @@ class TestAutotagConfig(unittest.TestCase):
                         k: getattr(self.config_class, attr)
                         for k, (attr, _v, _d) in self.config_class._KEYS.items()
                     }
-                    self.assertEqual(loaded, dict(good, **{key: fallback[key]}))
+                    # The old template is no attribute any more (#431): a bad
+                    # one is only warned about and imports nothing.
+                    expected = (
+                        dict(good, **{key: fallback[key]}) if key in fallback else good
+                    )
+                    self.assertEqual(loaded, expected)
+
+    def test_skipped_tags_load_trimmed_and_warn_once_when_damaged(self):
+        """#431: the list is kept as typed (trimmed); a damaged list is
+        replaced by no skipped tags with one warning naming the reason."""
+        PromptManagerConfig.update_config(
+            {"autotag": {"defaults": {"skipped_tags": [" blurry ", "(fate)"]}}}
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(self.config_class.SKIPPED_TAGS, ("blurry", "(fate)"))
+        with self.assertLogs("prompt_manager.config", level="WARNING") as logs:
+            PromptManagerConfig.update_config(
+                {"autotag": {"defaults": {"skipped_tags": ["sky", "a,b"]}}}
+            )
+        self.assertEqual(self.config_class.SKIPPED_TAGS, ())
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [record.getMessage() for record in logs.records],
+            [
+                "autotag.defaults.skipped_tags entry 2 must not contain a comma"
+                " or a line break; using no skipped tags"
+            ],
+        )
 
     def test_tagging_validators_moved_with_their_messages(self):
         validate_threshold = config_module.validate_threshold

tests/test_exit_window_threads.py

@@ -146,6 +146,18 @@ class TestPreviewQueueRefusedAtShutdown(unittest.TestCase):
 
 
 class TestMapParallelRefusedAtShutdown(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        # The job pool is long-lived (#523): start each test without one, so
+        # the patched pool class is the one created.
+        self.assertTrue(parallel.shutdown_job_pool(30))
+        self.addCleanup(parallel.shutdown_job_pool, 30)
+
+    def test_the_refused_pool_is_not_reused(self):
+        with mock.patch.object(parallel, "ThreadPoolExecutor", _ShutPool):
+            parallel.map_parallel(lambda n: n, [1, 2], 2)
+        self.assertFalse(parallel.job_pool_started())
+        self.assertEqual(parallel.map_parallel(lambda n: n + 1, [1, 2], 2), [2, 3])
+
     def test_a_shut_pool_runs_the_items_on_the_calling_thread(self):
         records = _capture(self, "prompt_manager.parallel")
         with mock.patch.object(parallel, "ThreadPoolExecutor", _ShutPool):

tests/test_image_pools.py

@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+"""Image work runs on PromptManager's own pools, never the default executor (#523).
+
+glibc keeps each thread's malloc arena at its high-water mark, so image work
+spread over the default executor's threads (min(32, cpus + 4)) kept an
+image-sized buffer per thread. Interactive image work (card facts, inspector
+reads, view previews) runs on the fixed interactive image pool
+(``pm-image``); jobs (scan metadata, thumbnail jobs, capture previews) on the
+long-lived Worker threads pool (``pm-worker``). After a scan or thumbnail
+job, glibc's free pages are released once (``malloc_trim``).
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import threading
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import py.api as api_package
+import py.api.images as images_module
+import py.api.inspection_service as inspection_service
+import py.api.thumbnail_auto as auto
+from utils import parallel
+
+try:
+    from tests.test_api_images import make_png
+    from tests.test_thumbnail_auto import WAIT, AutoThumbnailCase, _entry
+except ImportError:  # discovered with tests/ as the top-level directory
+    from test_api_images import make_png
+    from test_thumbnail_auto import WAIT, AutoThumbnailCase, _entry
+
+IMAGE_THREAD = auto.POOL_PREFIX + "_"
+JOB_THREAD = parallel.JOB_THREAD_PREFIX + "_"
+
+
+class ImagePoolCase(AutoThumbnailCase):
+    async def asyncSetUp(self):
+        await super().asyncSetUp()
+        self.assertTrue(parallel.shutdown_job_pool(WAIT))
+        self.addCleanup(parallel.shutdown_job_pool, WAIT)
+        self.threads = []
+        self.lock = threading.Lock()
+
+    def spy(self, owner, name):
+        """Record the thread every call of ``owner.name`` runs on."""
+        original = getattr(owner, name)
+
+        def recording(*args, **kwargs):
+            with self.lock:
+                self.threads.append(threading.current_thread().name)
+            return original(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        patcher = patch.object(owner, name, recording)
+        patcher.start()
+        self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
+
+    def assert_threads(self, prefix):
+        self.assertTrue(self.threads, "the spied call never ran")
+        self.assertTrue(
+            all(name.startswith(prefix) for name in self.threads), self.threads
+        )
+
+    async def run_job(self, path, body=None):
+        response = await self.client.post(path, json=body or {})
+        self.assertEqual(response.status, 202, await response.text())
+        job = self.api._jobs.get((await response.json())["job"]["id"])
+        await asyncio.wait_for(asyncio.shield(job.task), WAIT)
+        return job
+
+
+class TestInteractiveImagePool(ImagePoolCase):
+    async def test_workspace_card_facts_are_read_on_the_image_pool(self):
+        for index in range(5):
+            make_png(self.output_dir / f"c{index}.png", size=(32, 32))
+        self.spy(images_module, "_card_header")
+        response = await self.client.get(
+            "/prompt_manager/images/output?mode=workspace&limit=100"
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(response.status, 200, await response.text())
+        images = (await response.json())["images"]
+        self.assertEqual([image["width"] for image in images], [32] * 5)
+        self.assert_threads(IMAGE_THREAD)
+        self.assertEqual(len(self.threads), 5)
+
+    async def test_cached_card_facts_need_no_image_pool_trip(self):
+        make_png(self.output_dir / "c.png", size=(32, 32))
+        url = "/prompt_manager/images/output?mode=workspace&limit=100"
+        await (await self.client.get(url)).read()
+        self.spy(images_module, "_card_header")
+        response = await self.client.get(url)
+        self.assertEqual((await response.json())["images"][0]["width"], 32)
+        self.assertEqual(self.threads, [])
+
+    async def test_the_inspector_reads_on_the_image_pool(self):
+        make_png(self.output_dir / "i.png", size=(32, 32))
+        self.spy(inspection_service, "read_inspection_file")
+        response = await self.client.get("/prompt_manager/images/inspect/i.png?root=0")
+        self.assertEqual(response.status, 200, await response.text())
+        self.assert_threads(IMAGE_THREAD)
+
+    async def test_view_previews_and_card_reads_share_three_threads(self):
+        names = [f"v{i}.png" for i in range(auto.ON_DEMAND_LIMIT + 3)]
+        for name in names:
+            make_png(self.output_dir / name, size=(64, 64))
+        calls = []
+        original = self.api._generate_one
+
+        def recording(*args, **kwargs):
+            calls.append(threading.current_thread().name)
+            return original(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        self.api._generate_one = recording
+        for name in names:
+            url = _entry(self.api, self.output_dir, name)["thumbnail_url"]
+            await (await self.client.get(url)).read()
+        self.assertEqual(len(calls), len(names))
+        self.assertTrue(all(name.startswith(IMAGE_THREAD) for name in calls), calls)
+        self.assertLessEqual(len(self.api._image_pool_threads()), auto.IMAGE_POOL_SIZE)
+
+    def test_map_image_keeps_order_and_runs_inline_on_a_pool_thread(self):
+        self.assertEqual(self.api._map_image(lambda n: n * 2, [3, 1, 2]), [6, 2, 4])
+        nested = self.api._image_pool().submit(
+            self.api._map_image, lambda _: threading.current_thread().name, [1]
+        )
+        (name,) = nested.result(WAIT)
+        self.assertTrue(name.startswith(IMAGE_THREAD), name)
+
+    def test_map_image_after_a_close_runs_on_the_calling_thread(self):
+        pool = self.api._image_pool()
+        pool.shutdown(wait=True)
+        here = threading.current_thread().name
+        with patch.object(self.api, "_image_pool", return_value=pool):
+            names = self.api._map_image(
+                lambda _: threading.current_thread().name, [1, 2]
+            )
+        self.assertEqual(names, [here, here])
+
+    async def test_after_the_final_close_no_image_thread_starts(self):
+        await asyncio.get_running_loop().run_in_executor(
+            None, lambda: self.api.close_auto_thumbnails(final=True)
+        )
+        self.assertIsNone(self.api._image_pool())
+        here = threading.current_thread().name
+        names = self.api._map_image(lambda _: threading.current_thread().name, [1])
+        self.assertEqual(names, [here])
+        name = await self.api._run_image(lambda: threading.current_thread().name)
+        self.assertFalse(name.startswith(IMAGE_THREAD), name)
+        self.assertEqual(self.api._image_pool_threads(), [])
+
+    def test_map_image_runs_items_a_shutdown_cancelled_here(self):
+        entered = threading.Barrier(auto.IMAGE_POOL_SIZE + 1)
+        release = threading.Event()
+        self.addCleanup(release.set)
+        pool = self.api._image_pool()
+        for _ in range(auto.IMAGE_POOL_SIZE):  # occupy every pool thread
+            pool.submit(lambda: (entered.wait(WAIT), release.wait(WAIT)))
+        entered.wait(WAIT)
+        here = threading.current_thread().name
+        results, submitted = {}, threading.Event()
+
+        class Counting:
+            calls = 0
+
+            def submit(self, *args):
+                future = pool.submit(*args)
+                Counting.calls += 1
+                if Counting.calls == 2:
+                    submitted.set()
+                return future
+
+        def call():
+            with patch.object(self.api, "_image_pool", return_value=Counting()):
+                results["names"] = self.api._map_image(
+                    lambda _: threading.current_thread().name, [1, 2]
+                )
+
+        caller = threading.Thread(target=call, name="map-image-caller")
+        caller.start()
+        # The caller's two items are queued behind the busy threads; the
+        # shutdown cancels them and the caller runs them itself.
+        self.assertTrue(submitted.wait(WAIT))
+        pool.shutdown(wait=False, cancel_futures=True)
+        caller.join(WAIT)
+        release.set()
+        self.assertFalse(caller.is_alive())
+        self.assertEqual(results["names"], ["map-image-caller"] * 2)
+        self.assertNotEqual(here, "map-image-caller")
+
+    async def test_run_image_after_a_close_uses_the_default_executor(self):
+        pool = self.api._image_pool()
+        pool.shutdown(wait=True)
+        with patch.object(self.api, "_image_pool", return_value=pool):
+            name = await self.api._run_image(lambda: threading.current_thread().name)
+        self.assertFalse(name.startswith(IMAGE_THREAD), name)
+
+
+class TestJobPool(ImagePoolCase):
+    def test_scan_metadata_is_read_on_the_job_pool(self):
+        paths = [
+            make_png(self.output_dir / f"s{i}.png", size=(16, 16)) for i in range(4)
+        ]
+        self.spy(self.api, "_extract_comfyui_metadata")
+        results = self.api._extract_batch_metadata_sync(paths)
+        self.assertEqual([path for path, _ in results], paths)
+        self.assert_threads(JOB_THREAD)
+
+    async def test_thumbnail_job_writes_on_the_job_pool_and_trims_after(self):
+        for index in range(3):
+            make_png(self.output_dir / f"t{index}.png", size=(64, 64))
+        self.spy(self.api, "_generate_one")
+        with patch.object(api_package, "release_free_memory") as trim:
+            job = await self.run_job("/prompt_manager/jobs/thumbnails")
+        self.assertEqual(job.state, "finished")
+        self.assert_threads(JOB_THREAD)
+        trim.assert_called_once_with()
+
+    async def test_scan_job_trims_after_it_finishes(self):
+        make_png(self.output_dir / "s.png", size=(16, 16))
+        states = []
+
+        def trim():
+            states.append(self.api._jobs.active("scan"))
+            return True
+
+        with patch.object(api_package, "release_free_memory", side_effect=trim):
+            job = await self.run_job("/prompt_manager/jobs/scan")
+        self.assertEqual(job.state, "finished")
+        self.assertGreaterEqual(len(states), 1)
+        self.assertIsNone(states[0], "trimmed after the scan finished")
+
+    async def test_a_failing_trim_never_fails_the_job(self):
+        make_png(self.output_dir / "t.png", size=(64, 64))
+        with patch.object(
+            api_package, "release_free_memory", side_effect=RuntimeError("no")
+        ):
+            job = await self.run_job("/prompt_manager/jobs/thumbnails")
+        self.assertEqual(job.state, "finished")
+
+    async def test_capture_previews_write_on_the_job_pool(self):
+        path = make_png(self.output_dir / "a.png", size=(64, 64))
+        self.spy(self.api, "_generate_one")
+        self.assertEqual(self.api.queue_capture_thumbnail(str(path)), "queued")
+        await self._idle()
+        self.assert_threads(JOB_THREAD)

tests/test_init_package.py

@@ -136,6 +136,11 @@ def cleanup_package(package, require_stopped=True):
     if registration is not None:
         assert registration.dispose(3), "package history worker leaked"
     close_every_database()
+    # The package's exit actions outlive it otherwise: at interpreter exit
+    # they would import from a package no longer in sys.modules (#580).
+    exit_signal = getattr(package, "_exit_signal", None)
+    if exit_signal is not None:
+        exit_signal.reset()
     sys.modules.pop(package.__name__, None)
 
 
@@ -402,6 +407,29 @@ class TestConsoleBanner(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertNotIn("Loaded:", banner)
 
 
+class TestFixtureExitActions(unittest.TestCase):
+    """A disposed fixture package runs nothing at interpreter exit (#580)."""
+
+    def test_a_disposed_package_leaves_no_exit_action(self):
+        tmp = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()
+        self.addCleanup(tmp.cleanup)
+        self.addCleanup(close_every_database)
+        output_dir = os.path.join(tmp.name, "output")
+        os.makedirs(output_dir)
+        name = "prompt_manager_pkg_exit_actions"
+        self.addCleanup(sys.modules.pop, name, None)
+
+        with contextlib.redirect_stdout(io.StringIO()):
+            with load_package(name, os.path.join(tmp.name, "p.db"), output_dir) as (
+                package,
+                _,
+            ):
+                signal = package._exit_signal
+                self.assertTrue(signal._on_exit, "the package installs exit actions")
+
+        self.assertEqual(signal._on_exit, [])
+
+
 class PriorFileHandler(logging.FileHandler):
     """A caller-owned sink that stays closed once its owner closes it.
 
@@ -771,6 +799,45 @@ class TestPackageTeardown(PackageTeardownCase):
         self.assertIsNone(seen["worker"])
         self.assertTrue(all(result.values()), result)
 
+    def test_teardown_stops_the_job_pool_once_a_job_used_it(self):
+        """#523: the long-lived job pool is a teardown part of its own."""
+        package = self.load()
+        parallel = sys.modules[package.__name__ + ".utils.parallel"]
+        self.assertEqual(parallel.map_parallel(lambda n: n * 2, [1, 2], 2), [2, 4])
+        # This package's own pool (the suite's top-level one may also run).
+        threads = list(parallel._pool[1]._threads)
+        self.assertTrue(threads)
+
+        result = package._stop_background_work()
+
+        self.assertEqual(list(result), ["monitor", "thumbnails", "workers", "tracker"])
+        self.assertTrue(all(result.values()), result)
+        self.assertFalse(parallel.job_pool_started())
+        self.assertFalse(any(t.is_alive() for t in threads))
+
+    def test_teardown_reports_a_job_thread_past_its_bound(self):
+        package = self.load(require_stopped=False)
+        parallel = sys.modules[package.__name__ + ".utils.parallel"]
+        entered, release = threading.Event(), threading.Event()
+
+        def hold(_):
+            entered.set()
+            release.wait(30)
+
+        caller = threading.Thread(target=parallel.map_parallel, args=(hold, [1], 1))
+        caller.start()
+        self.addCleanup(caller.join, 30)
+        self.addCleanup(release.set)
+        self.assertTrue(entered.wait(30))
+        with (
+            mock.patch.object(parallel, "JOB_POOL_JOIN_SECONDS", 0.05),
+            self.assertLogs("prompt_manager.init", "WARNING") as logs,
+        ):
+            result = package._stop_background_work()
+        self.assertFalse(result["workers"])
+        self.assertTrue(result["tracker"])
+        self.assertRegex("\n".join(logs.output), r"not stopped in time .*workers")
+
     def test_teardown_kills_ffmpeg_and_stops_the_preview_worker(self):
         package = self.load()
         held = self.hold_a_preview(package, advance=4.0, kill_releases=True)

tests/test_jobs.py

@@ -490,6 +490,22 @@ class TestJobOutcomesAndLog(unittest.TestCase):
         with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
             job.record_counted("bogus", 1)
 
+    def test_record_counted_complete_keeps_every_row_for_the_report(self):
+        # #550: a repair's record of each change is never cut at the cap.
+        job = Job("maintenance", "Pair category and tags", groups=("changed", "errors"))
+        rows = [
+            {"path": "", "detail": f"Prompt {i}"} for i in range(MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS + 5)
+        ]
+        job.record_counted("changed", len(rows), rows, complete=True)
+        self.assertEqual(len(job.outcomes["changed"]), MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS)
+        report = job.report()["outcomes"]
+        self.assertEqual(len(report["changed"]["rows"]), MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS + 5)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            report["changed"]["rows"][-1]["detail"], f"Prompt {MAX_OUTCOME_ROWS + 4}"
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(report["changed"]["truncated"])
+        self.assertEqual(report["errors"], {"count": 0, "rows": [], "truncated": False})
+
     def test_thumbnail_job_groups(self):
         self.assertEqual(
             jobs_module.THUMBNAIL_GROUP_NAMES, ("generated", "skipped", "errors")

tests/test_maintenance_pair_metadata.py

@@ -0,0 +1,539 @@
+"""Pair category and tags repair (#550): the ``pair_metadata`` maintenance plan.
+
+Before #546 a Pair node run saved its category and tags on the saved pair
+only, so the positive prompt it created stayed Uncategorized and untagged.
+``pair_metadata`` reviews those prompts and fills only their empty fields
+from the prompt's non-archived pairs when every pair with a value agrees.
+It never touches a negative, a saved pair or ``updated_at``, and a prompt
+the Pair node did not create, that was edited, archived, or whose pairs
+disagree, is kept (``550-design.md``).
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+import unittest
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+
+from database import maintenance  # noqa: E402
+from database import pair_metadata_repair as repair  # noqa: E402
+
+try:
+    from tests.test_maintenance_plans import MaintenanceDatabaseCase  # noqa: E402
+except ImportError:  # discovered with tests/ as the top-level directory
+    from test_maintenance_plans import MaintenanceDatabaseCase  # noqa: E402
+
+OPERATION = "pair_metadata"
+
+
+class PairMetadataCase(MaintenanceDatabaseCase):
+    def pair(self, positive, negative="", **metadata):
+        """A pre-#546 Pair save: the pair gets the metadata, the prompt none."""
+        pair_id = self.db.save_prompt_pair(positive, negative, **metadata)
+        return pair_id, self.positive_of(pair_id)
+
+    def positive_of(self, pair_id):
+        return self.sql(
+            "SELECT positive_prompt_id FROM prompt_pairs WHERE id=?", pair_id
+        )[0][0]
+
+    def sql(self, statement, *args):
+        with self.db.model.get_connection() as conn:
+            return [tuple(row) for row in conn.execute(statement, args)]
+
+    def run_sql(self, statement, *args):
+        with self.db.model.get_connection() as conn:
+            conn.execute(statement, args)
+
+    def category(self, prompt_id):
+        return self.sql("SELECT category FROM prompts WHERE id=?", prompt_id)[0][0]
+
+    def tags(self, prompt_id):
+        return sorted(
+            row[0]
+            for row in self.sql(
+                "SELECT t.name FROM prompt_tags pt JOIN tags t ON t.id=pt.tag_id "
+                "WHERE pt.prompt_id=?",
+                prompt_id,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def preview(self, operation=OPERATION, roots=None):
+        return self.db.preview_maintenance(operation, [])
+
+    def apply(self, draft):
+        return self.db.apply_maintenance(
+            draft.operation, draft.fingerprint, draft.targets, []
+        )
+
+    def edit_stamp(self, prompt_id, updated_at="2099-01-01T00:00:00+00:00"):
+        self.run_sql(
+            "UPDATE prompts SET updated_at=? WHERE id=?", updated_at, prompt_id
+        )
+
+    def details(self, draft):
+        return [(row["label"], row["detail"]) for row in draft.details]
+
+
+class TestClassification(PairMetadataCase):
+    def test_fills_empty_category_and_tags_from_the_pair(self):
+        pair_id, prompt = self.pair(
+            "a cat on a sofa", "blurry", category="portrait", tags=["b", "a"]
+        )
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(draft.operation, OPERATION)
+        self.assertEqual(draft.targets, [[prompt, True, True]])
+        self.assertEqual(draft.scope["count"], 1)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            draft.scope["label"], "1 prompt to fill: 1 category, 1 tag set"
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(draft.protected, {"count": 0, "reasons": []})
+        self.assertEqual(
+            draft.media,
+            {
+                "deletes_files": False,
+                "label": "No image file or saved pair is changed.",
+            },
+        )
+        self.assertIn(
+            (
+                "a cat on a sofa",
+                f"Fills category “portrait” and 2 tags: a, b (pair {pair_id})",
+            ),
+            self.details(draft),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(draft.details[-1]["label"], "Record")
+        self.assertEqual(draft.details[-1]["detail"], repair.RECORD_NOTE)
+
+    def test_empty_plan(self):
+        self.save("plain prompt")
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(draft.targets, [])
+        self.assertEqual(draft.scope["count"], 0)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            draft.scope["label"], "No Pair prompts are missing a category or tags"
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(draft.details, [])
+
+    def test_prompt_already_complete_is_not_counted(self):
+        _pair, prompt = self.pair("done", category="portrait", tags=["a"])
+        self.run_sql("UPDATE prompts SET category='portrait' WHERE id=?", prompt)
+        self.db.set_prompt_tags(prompt, ["a"])
+        self.edit_stamp(
+            prompt, self.sql("SELECT created_at FROM prompts WHERE id=?", prompt)[0][0]
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(self.preview().scope["count"], 0)
+
+    def test_whitespace_category_is_blank_on_prompt_and_pair(self):
+        _p1, blank_prompt = self.pair("ws prompt", category="  portrait  ")
+        self.run_sql("UPDATE prompts SET category='   ' WHERE id=?", blank_prompt)
+        _p2, blank_pair = self.pair("ws pair", category="   ")
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(draft.targets, [[blank_prompt, True, False]])
+        self.assertIn("“portrait”", self.details(draft)[0][1])
+        self.assertNotIn(blank_pair, [t[0] for t in draft.targets])
+
+    def test_mixed_fields_category_fills_while_tags_conflict(self):
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("mixed", "n1", category="portrait", tags=["a"])
+        self.pair("mixed", "n2", category="portrait", tags=["b"])
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(draft.targets, [[prompt, True, False]])
+        self.assertEqual(draft.scope["count"], 1)
+        self.assertEqual(draft.protected["count"], 1)
+        self.assertEqual(draft.protected["reasons"], ["1 where pairs disagree"])
+        self.assertIn(("mixed", "Kept: pairs disagree on tags"), self.details(draft))
+
+    def test_mixed_fields_tags_fill_while_category_conflicts(self):
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("mixed2", "n1", category="portrait", tags=["a"])
+        self.pair("mixed2", "n2", category="landscape", tags=["a"])
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(draft.targets, [[prompt, False, True]])
+        self.assertIn(
+            ("mixed2", "Kept: pairs disagree on category: landscape, portrait"),
+            self.details(draft),
+        )
+
+    def test_category_set_and_tags_empty_fills_tags_only(self):
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("has cat", category="portrait", tags=["a"])
+        self.run_sql("UPDATE prompts SET category='mine' WHERE id=?", prompt)
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(draft.targets, [[prompt, False, True]])
+
+    def test_pairs_without_a_value_are_ignored(self):
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("partial", "n1", category="portrait", tags=["a"])
+        self.pair("partial", "n2")  # no category, no tags
+        self.assertEqual(self.preview().targets, [[prompt, True, True]])
+
+    def test_equal_values_across_pairs_fill(self):
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("same", "n1", category="portrait", tags=["a", "b"])
+        self.pair("same", "n2", category="portrait", tags=["b", "a"])
+        self.assertEqual(self.preview().targets, [[prompt, True, True]])
+
+    def test_category_is_case_sensitive(self):
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("case", "n1", category="Portrait")
+        self.pair("case", "n2", category="portrait")
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(draft.targets, [])
+        self.assertEqual(draft.protected["count"], 1)
+
+    def test_edited_prompt_is_protected(self):
+        cases = {
+            "later": "2099-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
+            "null": None,
+            "legacy": "2020-01-01 10:00:00",
+            "garbage": "yesterday",
+        }
+        for name, stamp in cases.items():
+            with self.subTest(name=name):
+                _a, prompt = self.pair(f"edited {name}", category="portrait")
+                self.edit_stamp(prompt, stamp)
+                draft = self.preview()
+                self.assertNotIn(prompt, [t[0] for t in draft.targets])
+                self.assertIn(
+                    (
+                        f"edited {name}",
+                        "Kept: edited after it was saved; its empty category or "
+                        "tags may be intentional",
+                    ),
+                    self.details(draft),
+                )
+                self.run_sql(
+                    "DELETE FROM prompt_pairs WHERE positive_prompt_id=?", prompt
+                )
+
+    def test_first_release_stamps_microseconds_apart_are_never_edited(self):
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("caa9649f", category="portrait")
+        self.run_sql(
+            "UPDATE prompts SET created_at=?, updated_at=? WHERE id=?",
+            "2026-10-18T10:00:00.000100+00:00",
+            "2026-10-18T10:00:00.000180+00:00",
+            prompt,
+        )
+        self.run_sql(
+            "UPDATE prompt_pairs SET created_at=? WHERE positive_prompt_id=?",
+            "2026-10-18T10:00:00.000400+00:00",
+            prompt,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(self.preview().targets, [[prompt, True, False]])
+
+    def test_edited_beats_conflict(self):
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("both", "n1", category="portrait")
+        self.pair("both", "n2", category="landscape")
+        self.edit_stamp(prompt)
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(draft.protected["reasons"], ["1 edited after it was saved"])
+
+    def test_archived_prompt_is_protected(self):
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("archived", category="portrait")
+        self.run_sql(
+            "INSERT INTO prompt_archive(prompt_id, archived_at) VALUES(?, ?)",
+            prompt,
+            "2026-10-31T00:00:00+00:00",
+        )
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(draft.targets, [])
+        self.assertEqual(draft.protected["reasons"], ["1 archived in the Library"])
+        self.assertIn(
+            ("archived", "Kept: archived in the Library"), self.details(draft)
+        )
+
+    def test_archived_pairs_are_no_source(self):
+        pair_id, prompt = self.pair("old pair", "n1", category="portrait")
+        self.db.archive_prompt_pair(pair_id)
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(draft.targets, [])
+        self.assertEqual(draft.protected["count"], 0)
+        # An archived pair also never disagrees with a live one.
+        self.pair("old pair", "n2", category="landscape")
+        self.assertEqual(self.preview().targets, [[prompt, True, False]])
+        self.assertIn("landscape", self.details(self.preview())[0][1])
+
+    def test_prompt_not_created_by_its_pair_is_out_of_scope(self):
+        prompt = self.save("saved by the node first")
+        self.run_sql(
+            "UPDATE prompts SET created_at=?, updated_at=? WHERE id=?",
+            "2026-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
+            "2026-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
+            prompt,
+        )
+        self.db.save_prompt_pair("saved by the node first", category="portrait")
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(draft.targets, [])
+        self.assertEqual(draft.protected["count"], 0)
+
+    def test_negative_is_never_a_target_and_positive_role_sources_only(self):
+        _a, both = self.pair("dual", "shared negative", category="portrait")
+        neg = self.sql("SELECT id FROM prompts WHERE text='shared negative'")[0][0]
+        # The negative of pair A is the positive of pair B, made later: not
+        # Pair-created as a positive, so out of scope.
+        self.db.save_prompt_pair("shared negative", category="landscape")
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(draft.targets, [[both, True, False]])
+        self.assertNotIn(neg, [t[0] for t in draft.targets])
+
+    def test_positive_first_then_negative_is_filled_from_positive_pairs_only(self):
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("pos first", category="portrait")
+        self.db.save_prompt_pair("another", "pos first", category="landscape")
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertIn([prompt, True, False], draft.targets)
+        self.assertIn("“portrait”", dict(self.details(draft))["pos first"])
+
+    def test_more_than_twenty_tags_is_protected(self):
+        tags = [f"t{n:02d}" for n in range(21)]
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("many tags", category="portrait", tags=tags)
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(draft.targets, [[prompt, True, False]])
+        self.assertEqual(
+            draft.protected["reasons"], ["1 whose pair has more than 20 tags"]
+        )
+        self.assertIn(
+            ("many tags", "Kept: its pair has more than 20 tags"), self.details(draft)
+        )
+
+    def test_protected_rows_come_first_within_fifty(self):
+        _c, conflict = self.pair("zz conflict", "n1", category="x")
+        self.pair("zz conflict", "n2", category="y")
+        for n in range(60):
+            self.pair(f"fill {n:02d}", category="portrait")
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(len(draft.details), maintenance.MAX_DETAILS)
+        self.assertEqual(draft.details[0]["label"], "zz conflict")
+        self.assertEqual(draft.details[-1]["label"], "Record")
+        self.assertEqual(draft.scope["count"], 60)
+
+    def test_detail_rows_list_conflicts_before_other_kept_prompts(self):
+        _a, archived = self.pair("aa archived", category="portrait")
+        self.run_sql(
+            "INSERT INTO prompt_archive(prompt_id, archived_at) VALUES(?, ?)",
+            archived,
+            "2026-10-31T00:00:00+00:00",
+        )
+        _b, edited = self.pair("bb edited", category="portrait")
+        self.edit_stamp(edited)
+        self.pair("zz conflict", "n1", category="x")
+        self.pair("zz conflict", "n2", category="y")
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [label for label, _detail in self.details(draft)],
+            ["zz conflict", "bb edited", "aa archived"],
+        )
+        # The reasons keep the precedence order.
+        self.assertEqual(
+            draft.protected["reasons"],
+            [
+                "1 archived in the Library",
+                "1 edited after it was saved",
+                "1 where pairs disagree",
+            ],
+        )
+
+    def test_same_library_same_fingerprint_and_pair_use_does_not_change_it(self):
+        pair_id, _prompt = self.pair("fp", category="portrait", tags=["a"])
+        first = self.preview().fingerprint
+        self.db.record_prompt_pair_use(pair_id)
+        self.db.update_prompt_pair_metadata(pair_id, notes="a note", title="t")
+        self.assertEqual(self.preview().fingerprint, first)
+
+
+class TestPreviewWritesNothing(PairMetadataCase):
+    def test_preview_reads_one_read_only_snapshot(self):
+        self.pair("cat", category="portrait", tags=["a"])
+        before = self.sql("SELECT * FROM prompts ORDER BY id")
+        tags = self.sql("SELECT * FROM prompt_tags ORDER BY prompt_id, tag_id")
+        connect = maintenance.sqlite3.connect
+        opened = []
+
+        def spy(*args, **kwargs):
+            opened.append(args[0])
+            return connect(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        with patch.object(maintenance.sqlite3, "connect", side_effect=spy):
+            self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(len(opened), 1)
+        self.assertTrue(str(opened[0]).endswith("?mode=ro"))
+        self.assertEqual(self.sql("SELECT * FROM prompts ORDER BY id"), before)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.sql("SELECT * FROM prompt_tags ORDER BY prompt_id, tag_id"), tags
+        )
+
+
+class TestApply(PairMetadataCase):
+    def snapshot_pairs(self):
+        return (
+            self.sql("SELECT * FROM prompt_pairs ORDER BY id"),
+            self.sql("SELECT * FROM prompt_pair_tags ORDER BY pair_id, tag_id"),
+        )
+
+    def test_apply_fills_only_empty_fields_and_leaves_pairs_alone(self):
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("apply me", "neg", category="portrait", tags=["a", "b"])
+        _b, partial = self.pair("partial", "n1", category="portrait", tags=["a"])
+        self.pair("partial", "n2", category="portrait", tags=["c"])
+        neg = self.sql("SELECT id FROM prompts WHERE text='neg'")[0][0]
+        pairs = self.snapshot_pairs()
+        stamps = self.sql("SELECT id, created_at, updated_at FROM prompts ORDER BY id")
+        state = self.sql("SELECT * FROM prompt_library_state ORDER BY prompt_id")
+        tag_rows = self.sql("SELECT id, name FROM tags ORDER BY id")
+        draft = self.preview()
+        result = self.apply(draft)
+        self.assertEqual(result["changed"], 2)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            result["rows"],
+            [
+                {"prompt_id": prompt, "category": "portrait", "tags": ["a", "b"]},
+                {"prompt_id": partial, "category": "portrait"},
+            ],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(result["categories"], 2)
+        self.assertEqual(result["tag_sets"], 1)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (self.category(prompt), self.tags(prompt)), ("portrait", ["a", "b"])
+        )
+        self.assertEqual((self.category(partial), self.tags(partial)), ("portrait", []))
+        self.assertEqual((self.category(neg), self.tags(neg)), (None, []))
+        self.assertEqual(self.snapshot_pairs(), pairs)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.sql("SELECT id, created_at, updated_at FROM prompts ORDER BY id"),
+            stamps,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.sql("SELECT * FROM prompt_library_state ORDER BY prompt_id"), state
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(self.sql("SELECT id, name FROM tags ORDER BY id"), tag_rows)
+
+    def test_apply_returns_one_kept_row_per_protected_prompt(self):
+        _a, conflict = self.pair("conflict", "n1", category="asian")
+        self.pair("conflict", "n2", category="Adult")
+        _b, edited = self.pair("edited", category="portrait")
+        self.edit_stamp(edited)
+        _c, both = self.pair(
+            "both", "n1", category="x", tags=[f"t{n}" for n in range(21)]
+        )
+        self.pair("both", "n2", category="y", tags=[f"t{n}" for n in range(21)])
+        _d, filled = self.pair("fill", category="portrait")
+        draft = self.preview()
+        result = self.apply(draft)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            result["kept"],
+            [
+                {
+                    "prompt_id": conflict,
+                    "reasons": ["pairs disagree on category: Adult, asian"],
+                },
+                {
+                    "prompt_id": edited,
+                    "reasons": [
+                        "edited after it was saved; its empty category or tags "
+                        "may be intentional"
+                    ],
+                },
+                {
+                    "prompt_id": both,
+                    "reasons": [
+                        "pairs disagree on category: x, y",
+                        "its pair has more than 20 tags",
+                    ],
+                },
+            ],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(len(result["kept"]), draft.protected["count"])
+        self.assertEqual(self.category(filled), "portrait")
+
+    def test_kept_rows_are_never_capped(self):
+        for n in range(205):
+            _p, prompt = self.pair(f"kept {n:03d}", category="portrait")
+            self.edit_stamp(prompt)
+        result = self.apply(self.preview())
+        self.assertEqual(result["changed"], 0)
+        self.assertEqual(len(result["kept"]), 205)
+
+    def test_second_run_finds_nothing_and_a_partial_fill_completes_later(self):
+        _a, prompt = self.pair("partial", "n1", category="portrait", tags=["a"])
+        p2, _same = self.pair("partial", "n2", category="portrait", tags=["c"])
+        self.apply(self.preview())
+        again = self.preview()
+        self.assertEqual(again.scope["count"], 0)
+        self.assertEqual(again.protected["count"], 1)  # tags still disagree
+        self.db.update_prompt_pair_metadata(p2, tags=["a"])
+        self.apply(self.preview())
+        self.assertEqual(self.tags(prompt), ["a"])
+        self.assertEqual(self.preview().protected["count"], 0)
+
+    def test_drift_raises_plan_changed_and_writes_nothing(self):
+        def pair_category(ids):
+            self.db.update_prompt_pair_metadata(ids[0], category="landscape")
+
+        def prompt_category(ids):
+            self.run_sql("UPDATE prompts SET category='mine' WHERE id=?", ids[1])
+
+        def new_pair(ids):
+            self.db.save_prompt_pair("drift", "other neg", category="landscape")
+
+        def tag_rename(ids):
+            tag = self.sql("SELECT id FROM tags WHERE name='a'")[0][0]
+            self.run_sql("UPDATE tags SET name='renamed' WHERE id=?", tag)
+
+        def edited(ids):
+            self.edit_stamp(ids[1])
+
+        for change in (pair_category, prompt_category, new_pair, tag_rename, edited):
+            with self.subTest(change=change.__name__):
+                ids = self.pair("drift", "n", category="portrait", tags=["a"])
+                draft = self.preview()
+                change(ids)
+                before = self.sql("SELECT id, category FROM prompts ORDER BY id")
+                tags = self.sql("SELECT * FROM prompt_tags ORDER BY prompt_id")
+                with self.assertRaises(maintenance.PlanChanged):
+                    self.apply(draft)
+                self.assertEqual(
+                    self.sql("SELECT id, category FROM prompts ORDER BY id"), before
+                )
+                self.assertEqual(
+                    self.sql("SELECT * FROM prompt_tags ORDER BY prompt_id"), tags
+                )
+                self.run_sql("DELETE FROM prompt_pairs")
+                self.run_sql("DELETE FROM prompts")
+                self.run_sql("DELETE FROM tags")
+
+    def test_pair_run_between_preview_and_apply_still_applies(self):
+        pair_id, prompt = self.pair("busy", category="portrait")
+        draft = self.preview()
+        self.db.record_prompt_pair_use(pair_id)
+        self.apply(draft)
+        self.assertEqual(self.category(prompt), "portrait")
+
+    def test_guard_failure_rolls_back_everything(self):
+        _a, first = self.pair("first", category="portrait")
+        _b, second = self.pair("second", category="portrait")
+        draft = self.preview()
+        real = repair._fill_categories
+
+        def racing(conn, fills):
+            # Another writer's value appears inside the transaction.
+            conn.execute("UPDATE prompts SET category='x' WHERE id=?", (second,))
+            return real(conn, fills)
+
+        with patch.object(repair, "_fill_categories", side_effect=racing):
+            with self.assertRaises(maintenance.PlanChanged):
+                self.apply(draft)
+        self.assertIsNone(self.category(first))
+        self.assertIsNone(self.category(second))
+
+    def test_more_than_two_hundred_fills_are_all_returned(self):
+        for n in range(205):
+            self.pair(f"bulk {n:03d}", category="portrait")
+        result = self.apply(self.preview())
+        self.assertEqual(result["changed"], 205)
+        self.assertEqual(len(result["rows"]), 205)
+
+    def test_batches_bind_few_ids(self):
+        for n in range(5):
+            self.pair(f"batch {n}", category="portrait", tags=["a"])
+        with patch.object(maintenance, "ID_BATCH", 2):
+            draft = self.preview()
+            result = self.apply(draft)
+        self.assertEqual(result["changed"], 5)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/test_native_memory.py

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+"""``release_free_memory``: glibc's malloc_trim(0), a no-op elsewhere (#523)."""
+
+import sys
+import unittest
+from unittest import mock
+
+from utils import native_memory
+
+
+class ReleaseFreeMemoryTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        # Each test looks the symbol up again.
+        patcher = mock.patch.multiple(native_memory, _trim=None, _looked_up=False)
+        patcher.start()
+        self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
+
+    @unittest.skipUnless(native_memory._glibc(), "glibc only")
+    def test_glibc_trims_once_per_call(self):
+        self.assertTrue(native_memory.release_free_memory())
+        self.assertTrue(native_memory.release_free_memory())
+
+    def test_other_platforms_do_nothing(self):
+        for platform in ("win32", "darwin", "cygwin"):
+            with self.subTest(platform), mock.patch.object(sys, "platform", platform):
+                native_memory._looked_up = False
+                with mock.patch.object(native_memory.ctypes, "CDLL") as cdll:
+                    self.assertFalse(native_memory.release_free_memory())
+                cdll.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_musl_does_nothing(self):
+        with (
+            mock.patch.object(sys, "platform", "linux"),
+            mock.patch.object(
+                native_memory.os, "confstr", side_effect=ValueError("unknown name")
+            ),
+            mock.patch.object(native_memory.ctypes, "CDLL") as cdll,
+        ):
+            self.assertFalse(native_memory.release_free_memory())
+        cdll.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_a_missing_symbol_is_false(self):
+        library = mock.Mock(spec=[])  # no malloc_trim attribute
+        with (
+            mock.patch.object(native_memory, "_glibc", return_value=True),
+            mock.patch.object(native_memory.ctypes, "CDLL", return_value=library),
+        ):
+            self.assertFalse(native_memory.release_free_memory())
+
+    def test_an_unloadable_libc_is_false(self):
+        with (
+            mock.patch.object(native_memory, "_glibc", return_value=True),
+            mock.patch.object(native_memory.ctypes, "CDLL", side_effect=OSError),
+        ):
+            self.assertFalse(native_memory.release_free_memory())
+
+    def test_a_failing_trim_never_raises(self):
+        trim = mock.Mock(side_effect=OSError("boom"))
+        library = mock.Mock(malloc_trim=trim)
+        with (
+            mock.patch.object(native_memory, "_glibc", return_value=True),
+            mock.patch.object(native_memory.ctypes, "CDLL", return_value=library),
+        ):
+            self.assertFalse(native_memory.release_free_memory())
+        trim.assert_called_once_with(0)
+
+    def test_the_symbol_is_looked_up_once(self):
+        trim = mock.Mock(return_value=1)
+        library = mock.Mock(malloc_trim=trim)
+        with (
+            mock.patch.object(native_memory, "_glibc", return_value=True),
+            mock.patch.object(
+                native_memory.ctypes, "CDLL", return_value=library
+            ) as cdll,
+        ):
+            self.assertTrue(native_memory.release_free_memory())
+            self.assertTrue(native_memory.release_free_memory())
+        cdll.assert_called_once_with(None)
+        self.assertEqual(trim.call_count, 2)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/test_png_text.py

@@ -0,0 +1,455 @@
+"""PNG text without a pixel decode (#523), against the legacy reader floor.
+
+Pillow's ``PngImageFile.text`` loads (decodes) every pixel to reach text
+chunks written after IDAT. ``utils.png_text.png_text`` walks the remaining
+chunks instead. The legacy reader (``Image.open(path).text``, every failure
+read as ``{}``) is the floor: a file it read must read the same, and the
+curated corpus below must read identically. The documented difference is
+pixel data, which the walk never decodes: undecodable or cut-short pixel data
+made the legacy reader fail, the walk still reads the text before it.
+"""
+
+import io
+import random
+import struct
+import tempfile
+import unittest
+import zlib
+from pathlib import Path
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from PIL import Image, ImageFile, PngImagePlugin
+
+from utils.metadata_extractor import ComfyUIMetadataExtractor
+from utils.png_text import png_text
+
+FIXTURES = Path(__file__).resolve().parent / "fixtures"
+IMAGE_SUFFIXES = {".png", ".jpg", ".jpeg", ".webp", ".gif", ".bmp"}
+SIGNATURE = b"\x89PNG\r\n\x1a\n"
+FUZZ_SEED = 523
+FUZZ_CASES = 400
+
+
+def legacy_text(path):
+    """The legacy scan reader: Pillow's ``.text`` (a full decode)."""
+    try:
+        with Image.open(path) as image:
+            return dict(getattr(image, "text", None) or {})
+    except Exception:
+        return {}
+
+
+def walked_text(path):
+    """The new reader under the same failure rule."""
+    try:
+        with Image.open(path) as image:
+            return png_text(image)
+    except Exception:
+        return {}
+
+
+def chunk(kind, data):
+    return (
+        struct.pack(">I", len(data))
+        + kind
+        + data
+        + struct.pack(">I", zlib.crc32(kind + data) & 0xFFFFFFFF)
+    )
+
+
+def chunks_of(raw):
+    """``[(kind, data)]`` of a well-formed PNG."""
+    found, offset = [], 8
+    while offset < len(raw):
+        length, kind = struct.unpack(">I4s", raw[offset : offset + 8])
+        found.append((kind, raw[offset + 8 : offset + 8 + length]))
+        offset += 12 + length
+    return found
+
+
+def assemble(parts):
+    return SIGNATURE + b"".join(
+        part if isinstance(part, bytes) else chunk(*part) for part in parts
+    )
+
+
+def base_png(mode="RGB", size=(64, 64), text=None, noise=False):
+    """A PNG from Pillow (text before IDAT), as ``[(kind, data)]``."""
+    image = Image.new(mode, size)
+    if noise:
+        rng = random.Random(7)
+        image = Image.frombytes(
+            "RGB", size, bytes(rng.randrange(256) for _ in range(size[0] * size[1] * 3))
+        )
+    info = PngImagePlugin.PngInfo()
+    for key, value in (text or {}).items():
+        info.add_text(key, value)
+    buffer = io.BytesIO()
+    image.save(buffer, format="PNG", pnginfo=info)
+    return chunks_of(buffer.getvalue())
+
+
+def split_idat(parts, pieces=3):
+    """Spread the IDAT payload over ``pieces`` consecutive IDAT chunks."""
+    data = b"".join(d for k, d in parts if k == b"IDAT")
+    step = max(1, len(data) // pieces)
+    idats = [(b"IDAT", data[i : i + step]) for i in range(0, len(data), step)]
+    first = next(i for i, (k, _) in enumerate(parts) if k == b"IDAT")
+    rest = [p for p in parts if p[0] != b"IDAT"]
+    return rest[:first] + idats + rest[first:]
+
+
+def before_iend(parts, *extra):
+    return parts[:-1] + list(extra) + parts[-1:]
+
+
+def text_chunk(key, value):
+    return (b"tEXt", key.encode("latin-1") + b"\0" + value.encode("latin-1"))
+
+
+def ztxt_chunk(key, value):
+    return (b"zTXt", key.encode() + b"\0\0" + zlib.compress(value.encode("latin-1")))
+
+
+def itxt_chunk(key, value, compressed=False):
+    body = value.encode("utf-8")
+    if compressed:
+        body = zlib.compress(body)
+    flag = b"\1\0" if compressed else b"\0\0"
+    return (b"iTXt", key.encode() + b"\0" + flag + b"en\0" + b"Title\0" + body)
+
+
+def bad_crc(kind, data):
+    good = chunk(kind, data)
+    return good[:-4] + bytes(b ^ 0xFF for b in good[-4:])
+
+
+PROMPT = '{"3": {"class_type": "KSampler", "inputs": {"seed": 1}}}'
+WORKFLOW = '{"nodes": [], "links": []}'
+
+
+def curated():
+    """Name to PNG bytes; each must read the same with both readers."""
+    plain = base_png(text={"prompt": PROMPT})
+    trailing = before_iend(
+        base_png(), text_chunk("prompt", PROMPT), text_chunk("workflow", WORKFLOW)
+    )
+    cases = {
+        "no-text": assemble(base_png()),
+        "text-before-pixels": assemble(plain),
+        "text-after-pixels": assemble(trailing),
+        "ztxt-after-pixels": assemble(
+            before_iend(base_png(), ztxt_chunk("prompt", PROMPT))
+        ),
+        "itxt-plain-and-compressed": assemble(
+            before_iend(
+                base_png(),
+                itxt_chunk("prompt", "café " + PROMPT),
+                itxt_chunk("workflow", WORKFLOW, compressed=True),
+            )
+        ),
+        "xmp-after-pixels": assemble(
+            before_iend(
+                base_png(),
+                itxt_chunk("XML:com.adobe.xmp", "<x:xmpmeta/>"),
+                text_chunk("prompt", PROMPT),
+            )
+        ),
+        "itxt-bad-utf8": assemble(
+            before_iend(
+                base_png(),
+                (b"iTXt", b"prompt\0\0\0\0\0\xff\xfe"),
+                text_chunk("workflow", WORKFLOW),
+            )
+        ),
+        "later-copy-wins": assemble(
+            before_iend(plain, text_chunk("prompt", '{"later": 1}'))
+        ),
+        "empty-key-and-no-separator": assemble(
+            before_iend(base_png(), (b"tEXt", b"\0value"), (b"tEXt", b"lonely"))
+        ),
+        "split-pixels-text-between": assemble(
+            split_idat(before_iend(base_png(noise=True), text_chunk("prompt", PROMPT)))
+        ),
+        "palette": assemble(
+            before_iend(base_png(mode="P"), text_chunk("prompt", PROMPT))
+        ),
+        "sixteen-bit": assemble(
+            before_iend(base_png(mode="I;16"), text_chunk("prompt", PROMPT))
+        ),
+        "bad-crc-before-pixels": assemble(
+            [base_png()[0], bad_crc(*text_chunk("prompt", PROMPT))] + base_png()[1:]
+        ),
+        "bad-crc-after-pixels": assemble(
+            base_png()[:-1] + [bad_crc(*text_chunk("prompt", PROMPT))] + base_png()[-1:]
+        ),
+        "unknown-chunk-after-pixels": assemble(
+            before_iend(base_png(), (b"prVt", b"x" * 40), text_chunk("prompt", PROMPT))
+        ),
+        "garbage-chunk-id-after-pixels": assemble(
+            base_png()[:-1]
+            + [b"\0\0\0\4\x00\x01\x02\x03abcd\0\0\0\0"]
+            + [chunk(*text_chunk("prompt", PROMPT))]
+            + base_png()[-1:]
+        ),
+        "oversized-ztxt-after-pixels": assemble(
+            before_iend(
+                base_png(),
+                (
+                    b"zTXt",
+                    b"prompt\0\0"
+                    + zlib.compress(b"a" * (PngImagePlugin.MAX_TEXT_CHUNK + 10)),
+                ),
+            )
+        ),
+        "pixels-length-past-end": assemble(
+            [p for p in base_png() if p[0] != b"IDAT" and p[0] != b"IEND"]
+        )
+        + b"\xff\xff\x00\x00IDAT"
+        + b"\0" * 64,
+    }
+    full = assemble(trailing)
+    idat_at = full.index(b"IDAT")
+    cases["truncated-in-pixels"] = full[: idat_at + 20]
+    cases["no-end-after-pixels"] = full[: full.rindex(b"IEND") - 4]
+    cases["truncated-in-trailing-text"] = full[: full.rindex(b"workflow") + 4]
+    cases["unknown-chunk-past-end"] = (
+        assemble(before_iend(base_png(), ztxt_chunk("prompt", PROMPT))[:-1])
+        + chunk(b"prVt", b"x" * 40)[:-20]
+    )
+    cases["not-a-png"] = b"nope, not an image at all"
+    cases["signature-only"] = SIGNATURE
+    return cases
+
+
+def corrupt_pixels():
+    """Complete IDAT chunks with valid CRCs over data zlib cannot inflate."""
+    parts = before_iend(base_png(), text_chunk("prompt", PROMPT))
+    return assemble(
+        [(k, b"\x78\x9c" + b"\xff" * 30) if k == b"IDAT" else (k, d) for k, d in parts]
+    )
+
+
+def apng():
+    frames = [Image.new("RGB", (16, 16), colour) for colour in ("red", "blue")]
+    info = PngImagePlugin.PngInfo()
+    info.add_text("prompt", PROMPT)
+    buffer = io.BytesIO()
+    frames[0].save(
+        buffer, format="PNG", save_all=True, append_images=frames[1:], pnginfo=info
+    )
+    return assemble(
+        before_iend(chunks_of(buffer.getvalue()), text_chunk("workflow", WORKFLOW))
+    )
+
+
+def fixture_images():
+    return sorted(p for p in FIXTURES.rglob("*") if p.suffix.lower() in IMAGE_SUFFIXES)
+
+
+class _TempFiles(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self._tmp = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()
+        self.addCleanup(self._tmp.cleanup)
+
+    def write(self, name, raw):
+        path = Path(self._tmp.name) / name
+        path.write_bytes(raw)
+        return path
+
+
+class PngTextParityTests(_TempFiles):
+    def test_every_fixture_image_reads_like_the_legacy_reader(self):
+        images = fixture_images()
+        self.assertGreaterEqual(len(images), 25)
+        for path in images:
+            with self.subTest(path=path.relative_to(FIXTURES)):
+                self.assertEqual(walked_text(path), legacy_text(path))
+
+    def test_curated_corpus_reads_like_the_legacy_reader(self):
+        for name, raw in curated().items():
+            with self.subTest(name):
+                path = self.write(name + ".png", raw)
+                self.assertEqual(walked_text(path), legacy_text(path))
+
+    def test_curated_corpus_exercises_trailing_text(self):
+        """The corpus is not vacuous: trailing text exists and is read."""
+        cases = curated()
+        path = self.write("t.png", cases["text-after-pixels"])
+        self.assertEqual(walked_text(path), {"prompt": PROMPT, "workflow": WORKFLOW})
+        with Image.open(path) as image:
+            self.assertNotIn("prompt", image.info)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            walked_text(self.write("x.png", cases["truncated-in-pixels"])), {}
+        )
+
+    def test_itxt_values_keep_their_language_and_type(self):
+        path = self.write("i.png", curated()["itxt-plain-and-compressed"])
+        new, old = walked_text(path), legacy_text(path)
+        self.assertIsInstance(new["prompt"], PngImagePlugin.iTXt)
+        self.assertEqual(new["prompt"].lang, old["prompt"].lang)
+        self.assertEqual(new["prompt"].tkey, old["prompt"].tkey)
+
+    def test_animated_png_falls_back_to_the_legacy_read(self):
+        path = self.write("a.png", apng())
+        self.assertEqual(walked_text(path), legacy_text(path))
+        self.assertEqual(walked_text(path)["workflow"], WORKFLOW)
+
+    def test_truncated_pixels_read_alike_when_truncated_images_load(self):
+        """With LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES set (a node pack may set it) both readers
+        accept a short file alike."""
+        path = self.write("t.png", curated()["truncated-in-pixels"])
+        with patch.object(ImageFile, "LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES", True):
+            self.assertEqual(walked_text(path), legacy_text(path))
+
+    def test_a_text_decode_error_ends_the_walk_like_legacy(self):
+        """Pillow's ``load_end`` stops at a chunk whose handler raises
+        ``UnicodeDecodeError`` and keeps the text read so far."""
+        path = self.write(
+            "u.png",
+            assemble(
+                before_iend(
+                    base_png(),
+                    ztxt_chunk("prompt", PROMPT),
+                    text_chunk("workflow", WORKFLOW),
+                    ztxt_chunk("parameters", "steps 20"),
+                )
+            ),
+        )
+
+        def undecodable(stream, position, length):
+            raise UnicodeDecodeError("latin-1", b"", 0, 1, "test")
+
+        with patch.object(PngImagePlugin.PngStream, "chunk_tEXt", undecodable):
+            old = legacy_text(path)
+            self.assertEqual(walked_text(path), old)
+        self.assertEqual(old, {"prompt": PROMPT})
+
+    def test_the_text_memory_budget_counts_text_before_the_pixels(self):
+        """Pillow's MAX_TEXT_MEMORY spans the whole file: text before and
+        after the pixels, each under it, fail together in both readers."""
+        path = self.write(
+            "m.png",
+            assemble(
+                before_iend(
+                    base_png(text={"prompt": PROMPT}), text_chunk("workflow", WORKFLOW)
+                )
+            ),
+        )
+        budget = len(PROMPT) + len(WORKFLOW) - 1
+        with patch.object(PngImagePlugin, "MAX_TEXT_MEMORY", budget):
+            self.assertEqual(legacy_text(path), {})
+            self.assertEqual(walked_text(path), {})
+        with patch.object(PngImagePlugin, "MAX_TEXT_MEMORY", budget + 1):
+            self.assertEqual(walked_text(path), legacy_text(path))
+            self.assertEqual(len(walked_text(path)), 2)
+
+    def test_complete_but_undecodable_pixels_read_more_than_legacy(self):
+        path = self.write("c.png", corrupt_pixels())
+        self.assertEqual(legacy_text(path), {})
+        self.assertEqual(walked_text(path), {"prompt": PROMPT})
+
+    def test_cut_short_pixels_read_the_text_before_them(self):
+        full = assemble(base_png(text={"prompt": PROMPT}))
+        path = self.write("s.png", full[: full.index(b"IDAT") + 12])
+        self.assertEqual(legacy_text(path), {})
+        self.assertEqual(walked_text(path), {"prompt": PROMPT})
+
+    def test_mutated_files_never_read_less_than_legacy(self):
+        """Seeded fuzz: truncations and byte flips of a file with text before,
+        between and after its pixel chunks. Wherever the legacy reader found
+        text, the walk finds exactly the same."""
+        base = assemble(
+            split_idat(
+                before_iend(
+                    base_png(text={"workflow": WORKFLOW}),
+                    ztxt_chunk("prompt", PROMPT),
+                    itxt_chunk("parameters", "steps 20"),
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        rng = random.Random(FUZZ_SEED)
+        compared = 0
+        for case in range(FUZZ_CASES):
+            raw = bytearray(base)
+            if case % 2:
+                del raw[rng.randrange(8, len(raw)) :]
+            else:
+                for _ in range(rng.randrange(1, 4)):
+                    raw[rng.randrange(8, len(raw))] = rng.randrange(256)
+            path = self.write(f"fuzz{case}.png", bytes(raw))
+            old = legacy_text(path)
+            if old:
+                compared += 1
+                with self.subTest(case=case):
+                    self.assertEqual(walked_text(path), old)
+        self.assertGreater(compared, FUZZ_CASES // 5)
+
+    def test_non_png_images_have_no_text(self):
+        for name in ("tiny.jpg", "tiny.webp"):
+            with Image.open(FIXTURES / "local-inspect" / name) as image:
+                self.assertEqual(png_text(image), {})
+
+
+class NoPixelDecodeTests(_TempFiles):
+    """Metadata reads never decode pixels (the #523 memory finding)."""
+
+    def png_fixtures(self):
+        return sorted((FIXTURES / "inspection_parity").glob("*.png"))
+
+    def test_png_text_does_not_load_pixels_and_leaves_the_image_usable(self):
+        path = self.write("t.png", curated()["text-after-pixels"])
+        with Image.open(path) as image:
+            with patch.object(ImageFile.ImageFile, "load", autospec=True) as load:
+                self.assertEqual(png_text(image)["workflow"], WORKFLOW)
+            load.assert_not_called()
+            image.load()
+            self.assertEqual(image.size, (64, 64))
+            self.assertEqual(image.text["workflow"], WORKFLOW)
+
+    def test_scan_reader_does_not_decode_pixels(self):
+        from py.api import PromptManagerAPI
+
+        api = PromptManagerAPI.__new__(PromptManagerAPI)
+        fixtures = self.png_fixtures() + [
+            self.write("t.png", curated()["text-after-pixels"])
+        ]
+        with patch.object(ImageFile.ImageFile, "load", autospec=True) as load:
+            found = [api._extract_comfyui_metadata(str(p)) for p in fixtures]
+        load.assert_not_called()
+        self.assertEqual(found, [legacy_text(p) for p in fixtures])
+        self.assertTrue(all(found))
+
+    def test_monitor_extractor_does_not_decode_pixels(self):
+        extractor = ComfyUIMetadataExtractor()
+        fixtures = self.png_fixtures()
+        with patch.object(ImageFile.ImageFile, "load", autospec=True) as load:
+            found = [extractor.extract_metadata(str(p)) for p in fixtures]
+        load.assert_not_called()
+        self.assertTrue(all(metadata and len(metadata) > 1 for metadata in found))
+
+
+class MonitorExtractorParityTests(_TempFiles):
+    """``extract_metadata`` answers exactly as with the legacy ``.text``."""
+
+    def legacy_extract(self, path):
+        def old_text(image):
+            return dict(getattr(image, "text", None) or {})
+
+        with patch("utils.metadata_extractor.png_text", old_text):
+            return ComfyUIMetadataExtractor().extract_metadata(str(path))
+
+    def test_every_fixture_and_curated_file_extracts_like_legacy(self):
+        paths = fixture_images() + [
+            self.write(name + ".png", raw) for name, raw in curated().items()
+        ]
+        extractor = ComfyUIMetadataExtractor()
+        for path in paths:
+            with self.subTest(path=path.name):
+                self.assertEqual(
+                    extractor.extract_metadata(str(path)), self.legacy_extract(path)
+                )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/test_saved_instructions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+"""Saved instructions with a default per language-model engine (#431, PR 2).
+
+The entry and default validation, the in-memory migration of the old single
+``autotag.defaults.template`` at load (first upgrade and re-upgrade), the
+load fallbacks, and ``AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text``.
+"""
+
+import hashlib
+import json
+import os
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import unittest
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
+
+# config.py imports ComfyUI's server module; stand it in (as test_config does).
+_mock_server = MagicMock()
+_mock_server.PromptServer.instance.routes = MagicMock()
+sys.modules.setdefault("server", _mock_server)
+
+from py.config import AutotagConfig, PromptManagerConfig  # noqa: E402
+from py.tagging_defaults import (  # noqa: E402
+    BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID,
+    DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE,
+    MAX_SAVED_INSTRUCTIONS,
+    validate_default_instructions,
+    validate_instructions,
+)
+
+ATTRS = ("MODEL_TYPE", "INSTRUCTIONS", "DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS", "_LEGACY_TEMPLATE")
+
+
+def entry(id_, name, text="Tags only."):
+    return {"id": id_, "name": name, "text": text}
+
+
+def sha12(text):
+    return hashlib.sha256(text.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()[:12]
+
+
+class TestValidation(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_entries_are_kept_with_trimmed_names(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            validate_instructions([entry("0123456789ab", "  Photo ", "Tags.")]),
+            [entry("0123456789ab", "Photo", "Tags.")],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(validate_instructions([]), [])
+
+    def test_every_refusal_sentence(self):
+        ok = entry("0123456789ab", "One")
+        cases = (
+            ("x", "Saved instructions must be a list."),
+            (
+                [
+                    entry(f"{i:012x}", f"n{i}")
+                    for i in range(MAX_SAVED_INSTRUCTIONS + 1)
+                ],
+                "Saved instructions: at most 20 entries besides Built-in.",
+            ),
+            ([ok, "x"], "Saved instructions: entry 2 has an invalid id."),
+            (
+                [entry("ABCDEF012345", "A")],
+                "Saved instructions: entry 1 has an invalid id.",
+            ),
+            ([entry("builtin", "A")], "Saved instructions: entry 1 has an invalid id."),
+            (
+                [{"id": "0123456789ab", "name": "A"}],
+                "Saved instructions: entry 1 has an invalid id.",
+            ),
+            (
+                [ok, entry("0123456789ab", "Two")],
+                "Saved instructions: entry 2 repeats the id of entry 1.",
+            ),
+            (
+                [entry("0123456789ab", "  ")],
+                "Saved instructions: entry 1 needs a name.",
+            ),
+            (
+                [entry("0123456789ab", "x" * 61)],
+                "Saved instructions: entry 1 name must be at most 60 characters.",
+            ),
+            (
+                [entry("0123456789ab", "a\nb")],
+                "Saved instructions: entry 1 name must not contain a line break.",
+            ),
+            (
+                [ok, entry("0123456789ac", "one")],
+                "Saved instructions: entry 2 name “one” is already used.",
+            ),
+            (
+                [entry("0123456789ab", "BUILT-IN")],
+                "Saved instructions: the name “Built-in” is reserved.",
+            ),
+            (
+                [entry("0123456789ab", "A", "  ")],
+                "Saved instructions: entry 1 text must be non-empty text.",
+            ),
+            (
+                [entry("0123456789ab", "A", "x" * 4001)],
+                "Saved instructions: entry 1 text must be at most 4000 characters.",
+            ),
+        )
+        for value, message in cases:
+            with self.subTest(message=message):
+                with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as caught:
+                    validate_instructions(value)
+                self.assertEqual(str(caught.exception), message)
+
+    def test_defaults_name_built_in_or_a_saved_entry(self):
+        saved = [entry("0123456789ab", "One")]
+        self.assertEqual(
+            validate_default_instructions(
+                {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "0123456789ab"}, saved
+            ),
+            {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "0123456789ab"},
+        )
+        for value, message in (
+            (
+                {"gguf": "ffffffffffff", "hf": "builtin"},
+                "Default for GGUF JoyCaption must be one of the saved instructions.",
+            ),
+            (
+                {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "nope"},
+                "Default for HuggingFace JoyCaption must be one of the saved "
+                "instructions.",
+            ),
+            (
+                {"gguf": "builtin"},
+                "Default instructions must name GGUF and HuggingFace.",
+            ),
+            (
+                {"gguf": [], "hf": "builtin"},
+                "Default for GGUF JoyCaption must be one of the saved instructions.",
+            ),
+            ("builtin", "Default instructions must name GGUF and HuggingFace."),
+        ):
+            with self.subTest(value=value):
+                with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as caught:
+                    validate_default_instructions(value, saved)
+                self.assertEqual(str(caught.exception), message)
+
+
+class ConfigTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        saved = {attr: getattr(AutotagConfig, attr) for attr in ATTRS}
+        self.addCleanup(
+            lambda: [setattr(AutotagConfig, a, v) for a, v in saved.items()]
+        )
+        AutotagConfig.update_config({"defaults": {}})
+
+    def load(self, defaults, warnings=0):
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
+            path = os.path.join(tmpdir, "config.json")
+            with open(path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+                json.dump({"autotag": {"defaults": defaults}}, handle)
+            before = os.stat(path).st_mtime_ns, open(path, "rb").read()
+            if warnings:
+                with self.assertLogs("prompt_manager.config", level="WARNING") as logs:
+                    PromptManagerConfig.load_from_file(path)
+                self.assertEqual(len(logs.records), warnings, logs.output)
+                self.logs = [record.getMessage() for record in logs.records]
+            else:
+                PromptManagerConfig.load_from_file(path)
+            # Nothing is written at load.
+            self.assertEqual(
+                (os.stat(path).st_mtime_ns, open(path, "rb").read()), before
+            )
+
+    def state(self):
+        return [dict(e) for e in AutotagConfig.INSTRUCTIONS], dict(
+            AutotagConfig.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS
+        )
+
+
+class TestLoad(ConfigTestCase):
+    def test_a_new_install_has_built_in_only_for_both_engines(self):
+        self.load({})
+        self.assertEqual(self.state(), ([], {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "builtin"}))
+        self.assertEqual(
+            AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text("gguf"), DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            AutotagConfig.all_instructions()[0],
+            {
+                "id": BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS_ID,
+                "name": "Built-in",
+                "text": DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE,
+            },
+        )
+
+    def test_saved_entries_and_per_engine_defaults_load(self):
+        saved = [
+            entry("0123456789ab", "Photo", "Photo tags."),
+            entry("0123456789ac", "Anime", "Anime tags."),
+        ]
+        self.load(
+            {
+                "instructions": saved,
+                "default_instructions": {"gguf": "0123456789ac", "hf": "0123456789ab"},
+            }
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.state(), (saved, {"gguf": "0123456789ac", "hf": "0123456789ab"})
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text("gguf"), "Anime tags.")
+        self.assertEqual(AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text("hf"), "Photo tags.")
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text("wd14-vit")
+
+    def test_a_dangling_default_falls_back_to_built_in_with_a_warning(self):
+        saved = [entry("0123456789ab", "Photo")]
+        self.load(
+            {
+                "instructions": saved,
+                "default_instructions": {"gguf": "ffffffffffff", "hf": "0123456789ab"},
+            },
+            warnings=1,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.state(), (saved, {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "0123456789ab"})
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.logs,
+            [
+                "autotag.defaults.default_instructions.gguf names no saved "
+                "instructions; using Built-in"
+            ],
+        )
+
+    def test_a_damaged_list_falls_back_to_built_in_only_and_the_defaults_follow(self):
+        self.load(
+            {
+                "instructions": [
+                    entry("0123456789ab", "A"),
+                    entry("0123456789ab", "B"),
+                ],
+                "default_instructions": {"gguf": "0123456789ab", "hf": "builtin"},
+            },
+            warnings=1,  # one warning; the defaults follow the list silently
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(self.state(), ([], {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "builtin"}))
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.logs[0],
+            "autotag.defaults.instructions entry 2 repeats the id of entry 1; "
+            "using Built-in only",
+        )
+
+    def test_damaged_defaults_fall_back_with_a_warning(self):
+        self.load({"default_instructions": "builtin"}, warnings=1)
+        self.assertEqual(self.state(), ([], {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "builtin"}))
+
+
+class TestMigration(ConfigTestCase):
+    CUSTOM = "My own tags, please."
+
+    def test_first_upgrade_makes_custom_template_the_default_for_both(self):
+        self.load({"template": self.CUSTOM})
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.state(),
+            (
+                [entry(sha12(self.CUSTOM), "Custom template", self.CUSTOM)],
+                {"gguf": sha12(self.CUSTOM), "hf": sha12(self.CUSTOM)},
+            ),
+        )
+        # Deterministic: a second load gives the same ids.
+        first = self.state()
+        self.load({"template": self.CUSTOM})
+        self.assertEqual(self.state(), first)
+
+    def test_a_template_equal_to_built_in_creates_no_entry(self):
+        self.load({"template": DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE})
+        self.assertEqual(self.state(), ([], {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "builtin"}))
+
+    def test_an_invalid_template_is_ignored_with_todays_warning(self):
+        self.load({"template": "   "}, warnings=1)
+        self.assertEqual(self.state(), ([], {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "builtin"}))
+        self.assertIn("autotag.defaults.template", self.logs[0])
+
+    def test_a_stored_default_is_never_overwritten_by_the_first_upgrade(self):
+        self.load(
+            {
+                "template": self.CUSTOM,
+                "default_instructions": {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "builtin"},
+            },
+            warnings=0,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.state(),
+            (
+                [entry(sha12(self.CUSTOM), "Custom template", self.CUSTOM)],
+                {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "builtin"},
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_the_mirror_of_a_saved_default_imports_nothing(self):
+        saved = [entry(sha12(self.CUSTOM), "Custom template", self.CUSTOM)]
+        both = {"gguf": sha12(self.CUSTOM), "hf": "builtin"}
+        self.load(
+            {
+                "template": self.CUSTOM,
+                "instructions": saved,
+                "default_instructions": both,
+            }
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(self.state(), (saved, both))
+
+    def test_re_upgrade_imports_an_edit_made_on_an_older_build(self):
+        saved = [entry(sha12(self.CUSTOM), "Custom template", "Edited since.")]
+        both = {"gguf": sha12(self.CUSTOM), "hf": "builtin"}
+        with self.assertLogs("prompt_manager.config", level="INFO") as logs:
+            self.load(
+                {
+                    "template": self.CUSTOM,
+                    "instructions": saved,
+                    "default_instructions": both,
+                }
+            )
+        instructions, defaults = self.state()
+        # The text's own hash is taken by the edited entry: the next free one.
+        imported = hashlib.sha256((self.CUSTOM + "\n2").encode()).hexdigest()[:12]
+        self.assertEqual(
+            instructions, saved + [entry(imported, "Custom template (2)", self.CUSTOM)]
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(defaults, both)
+        self.assertIn(
+            "Imported the tagging template edited on an older version as "
+            "'Custom template (2)'",
+            "\n".join(logs.output),
+        )
+
+    def test_re_upgrade_into_a_full_list_imports_nothing_and_warns(self):
+        saved = [entry(f"{i:012x}", f"n{i}") for i in range(MAX_SAVED_INSTRUCTIONS)]
+        self.load({"template": self.CUSTOM, "instructions": saved}, warnings=1)
+        self.assertEqual(self.state()[0], saved)
+        self.assertIn("full", self.logs[0])
+
+
+class TestGetConfig(ConfigTestCase):
+    def test_get_config_writes_the_lists_and_the_gguf_mirror(self):
+        AutotagConfig.INSTRUCTIONS = (entry("0123456789ab", "Photo", "Photo tags."),)
+        AutotagConfig.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS = {"gguf": "0123456789ab", "hf": "builtin"}
+        defaults = AutotagConfig.get_config()["defaults"]
+        self.assertEqual(
+            defaults["instructions"], [entry("0123456789ab", "Photo", "Photo tags.")]
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            defaults["default_instructions"], {"gguf": "0123456789ab", "hf": "builtin"}
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(defaults["template"], "Photo tags.")
+        AutotagConfig.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS = {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "0123456789ab"}
+        self.assertNotIn("template", AutotagConfig.get_config()["defaults"])
+
+
+class TestDamagedValues(ConfigTestCase):
+    def test_a_non_text_default_falls_back_with_a_warning(self):
+        self.load({"default_instructions": {"gguf": [], "hf": "builtin"}}, warnings=1)
+        self.assertEqual(self.state(), ([], {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "builtin"}))
+
+    def test_a_damaged_list_warns_once_and_migrates_the_template_afresh(self):
+        custom = "My own tags, please."
+        self.load(
+            {
+                "template": custom,
+                "instructions": "broken",
+                "default_instructions": {"gguf": "0123456789ab", "hf": "builtin"},
+            },
+            warnings=1,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.state(),
+            (
+                [entry(sha12(custom), "Custom template", custom)],
+                {"gguf": sha12(custom), "hf": sha12(custom)},
+            ),
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/test_saved_instructions_routes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+"""Saved instructions through POST /settings and the legacy fallbacks (#431).
+
+Server-side pairing (a save carrying either key writes both, the missing one
+from the running, migrated configuration), the downgrade mirror in the old
+``template`` key, the refusals, GET /settings, and the legacy single route's
+blank-prompt fallback per request engine. The "restart" is a reload of the
+isolated config.json (``PROMPT_MANAGER_CONFIG_PATH`` in the temp tree).
+"""
+
+import hashlib
+
+try:
+    from test_settings_sources import SourcesTestCase
+    from test_autotag_legacy import LegacyTestCase
+except ImportError:
+    from tests.test_settings_sources import SourcesTestCase
+    from tests.test_autotag_legacy import LegacyTestCase
+
+from py.config import AutotagConfig, PromptManagerConfig
+from py.tagging_defaults import DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE
+
+ATTRS = ("MODEL_TYPE", "INSTRUCTIONS", "DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS", "_LEGACY_TEMPLATE")
+SETTINGS = "/prompt_manager/settings"
+CUSTOM = "My own tags, please."
+CUSTOM_ID = hashlib.sha256(CUSTOM.encode()).hexdigest()[:12]
+
+
+def entry(id_, name, text):
+    return {"id": id_, "name": name, "text": text}
+
+
+class InstructionsTestCase(SourcesTestCase):
+    async def asyncSetUp(self):
+        await super().asyncSetUp()
+        saved = {attr: getattr(AutotagConfig, attr) for attr in ATTRS}
+        self.addCleanup(
+            lambda: [setattr(AutotagConfig, a, v) for a, v in saved.items()]
+        )
+
+    def restart(self):
+        PromptManagerConfig.load_from_file(self.config_path)
+
+    async def save(self, payload, revision=True):
+        if revision:
+            payload = {"expected_revision": (await self._get())["revision"], **payload}
+        return await self._post(SETTINGS, payload)
+
+    def disk(self):
+        return self._read_config()["autotag"]["defaults"]
+
+
+class TestMigrationPersists(InstructionsTestCase):
+    async def asyncSetUp(self):
+        await super().asyncSetUp()
+        self._write_config(
+            {"custom": {"keep": True}, "autotag": {"defaults": {"template": CUSTOM}}}
+        )
+        self.restart()
+
+    async def test_get_shows_the_migrated_entry_and_writes_nothing(self):
+        before = self._config_bytes()
+        settings = (await self._get())["settings"]
+        self.assertEqual(
+            settings["autotag_instructions"],
+            [entry(CUSTOM_ID, "Custom template", CUSTOM)],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            settings["autotag_default_instructions"],
+            {"gguf": CUSTOM_ID, "hf": CUSTOM_ID},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(settings["autotag_template"], CUSTOM)
+        self.assertEqual(settings["autotag_builtin_instructions"], DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE)
+        self.assertEqual(self._config_bytes(), before)
+
+    async def test_a_save_of_only_the_hf_default_writes_the_migrated_list_too(self):
+        status, data = await self.save(
+            {"autotag_default_instructions": {"gguf": CUSTOM_ID, "hf": "builtin"}}
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(status, 200, data)
+        disk = self.disk()
+        self.assertEqual(
+            disk["instructions"], [entry(CUSTOM_ID, "Custom template", CUSTOM)]
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            disk["default_instructions"], {"gguf": CUSTOM_ID, "hf": "builtin"}
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(disk["template"], CUSTOM)
+        self.assertEqual(self._read_config()["custom"], {"keep": True})
+        self.restart()
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (list(AutotagConfig.INSTRUCTIONS), AutotagConfig.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS),
+            (
+                [entry(CUSTOM_ID, "Custom template", CUSTOM)],
+                {"gguf": CUSTOM_ID, "hf": "builtin"},
+            ),
+        )
+
+    async def test_gguf_built_in_deletes_the_mirror_and_keeps_custom_template(self):
+        status, data = await self.save(
+            {"autotag_default_instructions": {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": CUSTOM_ID}}
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(status, 200, data)
+        self.assertNotIn("template", self.disk())
+        self.restart()
+        self.assertEqual(
+            list(AutotagConfig.INSTRUCTIONS),
+            [entry(CUSTOM_ID, "Custom template", CUSTOM)],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            AutotagConfig.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS, {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": CUSTOM_ID}
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text("gguf"), DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE
+        )
+
+    async def test_a_save_of_only_the_list_keeps_the_defaults_that_still_exist(self):
+        photo = entry("0123456789ab", "Photo", "Photo tags.")
+        status, data = await self.save(
+            {
+                "autotag_instructions": [
+                    entry(CUSTOM_ID, "Custom template", CUSTOM),
+                    photo,
+                ]
+            }
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(status, 200, data)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.disk()["default_instructions"], {"gguf": CUSTOM_ID, "hf": CUSTOM_ID}
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(AutotagConfig.INSTRUCTIONS[1], photo)
+        # A list that drops a default without moving it is refused, nothing written.
+        before = self._config_bytes()
+        status, data = await self.save({"autotag_instructions": [photo]})
+        self.assertEqual(status, 400, data)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            data["error"],
+            "Default for GGUF JoyCaption must be one of the saved instructions.",
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(self._config_bytes(), before)
+
+
+class TestRefusals(InstructionsTestCase):
+    async def test_the_old_template_key_is_refused(self):
+        before = self._config_bytes()
+        status, data = await self.save({"autotag_template": "Tags only."})
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (status, data["error"]),
+            (
+                400,
+                "LLM tag template was replaced by Saved instructions. Reload the page.",
+            ),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(self._config_bytes(), before)
+
+    async def test_instruction_keys_without_a_revision_are_refused(self):
+        for payload in (
+            {"autotag_instructions": []},
+            {"autotag_default_instructions": {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "builtin"}},
+        ):
+            with self.subTest(payload=payload):
+                status, data = await self.save(payload, revision=False)
+                self.assertEqual(
+                    (status, data["error"]), (400, "Reload the page and try again.")
+                )
+
+    async def test_entry_refusals_name_the_entry(self):
+        status, data = await self.save(
+            {
+                "autotag_instructions": [
+                    entry("0123456789ab", "Photo", "Photo tags."),
+                    entry("0123456789ac", "photo", "x"),
+                ]
+            }
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (status, data["error"]),
+            (400, "Saved instructions: entry 2 name “photo” is already used."),
+        )
+
+    async def test_a_new_entry_can_become_a_default_in_one_save(self):
+        photo = entry("0123456789ab", "Photo", "Photo tags.")
+        status, data = await self.save(
+            {
+                "autotag_instructions": [photo],
+                "autotag_default_instructions": {
+                    "gguf": "0123456789ab",
+                    "hf": "builtin",
+                },
+            }
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(status, 200, data)
+        self.assertEqual(self.disk()["template"], "Photo tags.")
+        settings = (await self._get())["settings"]
+        self.assertEqual(settings["autotag_template"], "Photo tags.")
+        self.assertEqual(AutotagConfig.default_instructions_text("gguf"), "Photo tags.")
+        self.assertEqual(AutotagConfig._LEGACY_TEMPLATE, "Photo tags.")
+
+
+class TestLegacySingleFallback(LegacyTestCase):
+    async def test_a_blank_prompt_uses_the_request_engines_default(self):
+        saved = {attr: getattr(AutotagConfig, attr) for attr in ATTRS}
+        self.addCleanup(
+            lambda: [setattr(AutotagConfig, a, v) for a, v in saved.items()]
+        )
+        AutotagConfig.INSTRUCTIONS = (entry("0123456789ab", "Photo", "Photo tags."),)
+        AutotagConfig.DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS = {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "0123456789ab"}
+        prompt = self.prompt("a prompt")
+        image = self.link(prompt, self.image("a.png", (1, 2, 3), sees=["bird"]))
+        for model_type, expected in (
+            ("hf", "Photo tags."),
+            ("gguf", DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE),
+        ):
+            with self.subTest(model_type=model_type):
+                status, data = await self.single(
+                    {"image_id": image, "model_type": model_type, "prompt": " "}
+                )
+                self.assertEqual(status, 200, data)
+                self.assertEqual(self.tagger.calls[-1]["prompt"], expected)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import unittest
+
+    unittest.main()

tests/test_settings_sources.py

@@ -1023,15 +1023,17 @@ class TestAutotagDefaultsSettings(SourcesTestCase):
         "EXISTING",
         "GENERAL_THRESHOLD",
         "CHARACTER_THRESHOLD",
-        "TEMPLATE",
         "SUGGESTION_LIMIT",
+        "SKIPPED_TAGS",
+        "INSTRUCTIONS",
+        "DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS",
+        "_LEGACY_TEMPLATE",
     )
     SAVED = {
         "autotag_model_type": "gguf",
         "autotag_existing": "merge",
         "autotag_general_threshold": 0.4,
         "autotag_character_threshold": 0.8,
-        "autotag_template": "Tags only.",
         "autotag_suggestion_limit": 15,
     }
 
@@ -1067,8 +1069,11 @@ class TestAutotagDefaultsSettings(SourcesTestCase):
                 "EXISTING": "merge",
                 "GENERAL_THRESHOLD": 0.4,
                 "CHARACTER_THRESHOLD": 0.8,
-                "TEMPLATE": "Tags only.",
                 "SUGGESTION_LIMIT": 15,
+                "SKIPPED_TAGS": (),
+                "INSTRUCTIONS": (),
+                "DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS": {"gguf": "builtin", "hf": "builtin"},
+                "_LEGACY_TEMPLATE": None,
             },
         )
         settings = (await self._get())["settings"]
@@ -1139,11 +1144,11 @@ class TestAutotagDefaultsSettings(SourcesTestCase):
                 "replace",
                 "Existing tags must be skip, merge or replace_after_review.",
             ),
-            ("autotag_template", " ", "LLM tag template must be non-empty text."),
+            # #431: the old template is refused whatever it holds.
             (
                 "autotag_template",
-                "x" * 4001,
-                "LLM tag template must be at most 4000 characters.",
+                "Tags only.",
+                "LLM tag template was replaced by Saved instructions. Reload the page.",
             ),
             (
                 "autotag_suggestion_limit",
@@ -1166,3 +1171,64 @@ class TestAutotagDefaultsSettings(SourcesTestCase):
                 self.assertEqual(status, 400, data)
                 self.assertEqual(data["error"], message)
                 self.assertEqual((self._config_bytes(), self._runtime()), before)
+
+    async def test_skipped_tags_save_trimmed_and_read_back(self):
+        """#431: the list is saved as typed (trimmed), published at once and
+        read back by GET /settings."""
+        self._write_config({"custom": {"keep": True}})
+        settings = (await self._get())["settings"]
+        self.assertEqual(settings["autotag_skipped_tags"], [])
+        revision = (await self._get())["revision"]
+        status, data = await self._post(
+            "/prompt_manager/settings",
+            {
+                "expected_revision": revision,
+                "autotag_skipped_tags": [" blurry ", "closed eyes", "(fate)"],
+            },
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(status, 200, data)
+        saved = self._read_config()
+        self.assertEqual(
+            saved["autotag"]["defaults"],
+            {"skipped_tags": ["blurry", "closed eyes", "(fate)"]},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(saved["custom"], {"keep": True})
+        self.assertEqual(self.autotag.SKIPPED_TAGS, ("blurry", "closed eyes", "(fate)"))
+        settings = (await self._get())["settings"]
+        self.assertEqual(
+            settings["autotag_skipped_tags"], ["blurry", "closed eyes", "(fate)"]
+        )
+
+    async def test_bad_skipped_tags_are_refused_with_their_sentence(self):
+        self._write_config({"custom": {"keep": True}})
+        revision = (await self._get())["revision"]
+        before = (self._config_bytes(), self._runtime())
+        for value, message in (
+            (["sky", "  "], "Skipped tags: entry 2 is empty."),
+            (["x" * 51], "Skipped tags: entry 1 must be at most 50 characters."),
+            (
+                ["a, b"],
+                "Skipped tags: entry 1 must not contain a comma or a line break.",
+            ),
+            (["blurry", "Blurry"], "Skipped tags: entry 2 repeats entry 1."),
+            ([f"w{i}" for i in range(201)], "Skipped tags: at most 200 entries."),
+        ):
+            with self.subTest(value=value[:3]):
+                status, data = await self._post(
+                    "/prompt_manager/settings",
+                    {"expected_revision": revision, "autotag_skipped_tags": value},
+                )
+                self.assertEqual(status, 400, data)
+                self.assertEqual(data["error"], message)
+                self.assertEqual((self._config_bytes(), self._runtime()), before)
+
+    async def test_skipped_tags_without_a_revision_are_refused(self):
+        """A list saved without expected_revision could merge a stale copy."""
+        self._write_config({"custom": {"keep": True}})
+        before = (self._config_bytes(), self._runtime())
+        status, data = await self._post(
+            "/prompt_manager/settings", {"autotag_skipped_tags": ["blurry"]}
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(status, 400, data)
+        self.assertEqual(data["error"], "Reload the page and try again.")
+        self.assertEqual((self._config_bytes(), self._runtime()), before)

tests/test_skipped_tags.py

@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+"""Skipped tags (#431): the words whose suggested tags are never offered.
+
+The normalizer, the entry validation, the whole-word matcher, the WD14 label
+reader and the filter in ``AutoTagService.generate_tag_suggestions``. No model
+is loaded: ``_scored_tags`` is replaced by a fixed list.
+"""
+
+import csv
+import os
+import tempfile
+import unicodedata
+import unittest
+from pathlib import Path
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from py.tagging_defaults import (
+    MAX_SKIPPED_TAG_CHARS,
+    MAX_SKIPPED_TAGS,
+    SkipMatcher,
+    tag_words,
+    validate_skipped_tags,
+    wd14_label_names,
+)
+
+# The design's matching table: (entry, tag, hidden).
+MATCHING = (
+    ("blurry", "blurry", True),
+    ("blurry", "blurry_background", True),
+    ("blurry", "very_blurry", True),
+    ("blurry", "slightly_blurry_background", True),
+    ("blurry", "unblurry", False),
+    ("blur", "blurry", False),
+    ("blurry background", "blurry_background", True),
+    ("blurry background", "Blurry-Background", True),
+    ("background blurry", "blurry_background", False),
+    ("shirt", "t-shirt", True),
+    ("shirt", "shirt_lift", True),
+    ("closed eyes", "half-closed_eyes", True),
+    ("girl", "1girl", False),
+    ("girl", "2girls", False),
+    ("girls", "multiple_girls", True),
+    ("fate", "saber_(fate)", False),
+    ("(fate)", "saber_(fate)", True),
+    ("saber", "saber_(fate)", True),
+    (":d", ":d", True),
+    ("café", unicodedata.normalize("NFD", "café"), True),
+)
+
+
+class TestWords(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_words_split_only_on_space_underscore_and_hyphen(self):
+        self.assertEqual(tag_words("Half-closed_eyes"), ("half", "closed", "eyes"))
+        self.assertEqual(tag_words("saber_(fate)"), ("saber", "(fate)"))
+        self.assertEqual(tag_words("  a__b--c  d "), ("a", "b", "c", "d"))
+        self.assertEqual(tag_words("_-- _"), ())
+        self.assertEqual(tag_words(":d"), (":d",))
+
+    def test_words_are_nfc_and_case_folded(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            tag_words("CAFÉ"), tag_words(unicodedata.normalize("NFD", "café"))
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(tag_words("Straße"), ("strasse",))
+
+
+class TestMatcher(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_every_row_of_the_matching_table(self):
+        for entry, tag, hidden in MATCHING:
+            with self.subTest(entry=entry, tag=tag):
+                self.assertIs(SkipMatcher([entry]).matches(tag), hidden)
+
+    def test_a_tag_without_words_never_matches(self):
+        matcher = SkipMatcher(["blurry"])
+        for tag in ("", "_", "- _"):
+            with self.subTest(tag=tag):
+                self.assertFalse(matcher.matches(tag))
+
+    def test_an_empty_matcher_hides_nothing_and_is_false(self):
+        self.assertFalse(SkipMatcher())
+        self.assertFalse(SkipMatcher([]).matches("blurry"))
+        self.assertTrue(SkipMatcher(["blurry"]))
+
+    def test_entries_of_different_lengths_are_all_checked(self):
+        matcher = SkipMatcher(["sky", "closed eyes", "very long entry here"])
+        self.assertTrue(matcher.matches("blue_sky"))
+        self.assertTrue(matcher.matches("half-closed_eyes"))
+        self.assertTrue(matcher.matches("a_very_long_entry_here_b"))
+        self.assertFalse(matcher.matches("very_long_entry"))
+
+    def test_counting_view_records_the_distinct_names_it_hid(self):
+        counting = SkipMatcher(["blurry"]).counting()
+        self.assertTrue(counting.matches("blurry"))
+        self.assertTrue(counting.matches("Blurry"))
+        self.assertTrue(counting.matches("blurry_background"))
+        self.assertFalse(counting.matches("sky"))
+        self.assertEqual(counting.hidden, {"blurry", "blurry_background"})
+
+
+class TestValidation(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_entries_are_trimmed_and_kept_as_typed(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            validate_skipped_tags(["  Blurry ", "closed eyes", "(fate)"]),
+            ["Blurry", "closed eyes", "(fate)"],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(validate_skipped_tags([]), [])
+
+    def test_caps_count_code_points_after_trimming(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            validate_skipped_tags([" " + "🏜" * MAX_SKIPPED_TAG_CHARS + " "]),
+            ["🏜" * MAX_SKIPPED_TAG_CHARS],
+        )
+        entries = [f"word{index}" for index in range(MAX_SKIPPED_TAGS)]
+        self.assertEqual(validate_skipped_tags(entries), entries)
+
+    def test_every_refusal_sentence(self):
+        cases = (
+            ("blurry", "Skipped tags must be a list of words."),
+            (
+                [f"w{index}" for index in range(MAX_SKIPPED_TAGS + 1)],
+                "Skipped tags: at most 200 entries.",
+            ),
+            (["ok", 3], "Skipped tags: entry 2 must be text."),
+            (["ok", "   "], "Skipped tags: entry 2 is empty."),
+            (["_ --"], "Skipped tags: entry 1 is empty."),
+            (["x" * 51], "Skipped tags: entry 1 must be at most 50 characters."),
+            (
+                ["a, b"],
+                "Skipped tags: entry 1 must not contain a comma or a line break.",
+            ),
+            (
+                ["a\nb"],
+                "Skipped tags: entry 1 must not contain a comma or a line break.",
+            ),
+            (
+                ["a\x7fb"],
+                "Skipped tags: entry 1 must not contain a comma or a line break.",
+            ),
+            (
+                ["blurry", "sky", "Blurry"],
+                "Skipped tags: entry 3 repeats entry 1.",
+            ),
+            (
+                ["blurry background", "blurry-Background"],
+                "Skipped tags: entry 2 repeats entry 1.",
+            ),
+        )
+        for value, message in cases:
+            with self.subTest(value=value):
+                with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as caught:
+                    validate_skipped_tags(value)
+                self.assertEqual(str(caught.exception), message)
+
+
+class TestWd14Labels(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        directory = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()
+        self.addCleanup(directory.cleanup)
+        self.path = Path(directory.name) / "selected_tags.csv"
+
+    def write(self, rows):
+        lines = ["tag_id,name,category,count"]
+        lines += [f"{i},{name},{category},1" for i, (name, category) in enumerate(rows)]
+        self.path.write_text("\n".join(lines) + "\n", encoding="utf-8")
+
+    def test_only_general_and_character_names_are_read(self):
+        self.write(
+            [
+                ("blurry", "0"),
+                ("general", "9"),
+                ("saber_(fate)", "4"),
+                ("artist", "1"),
+                ("café", "0"),
+            ]
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            wd14_label_names(self.path), ("blurry", "saber_(fate)", "café")
+        )
+
+    def test_the_list_is_read_again_only_when_the_file_changes(self):
+        self.write([("blurry", "0")])
+        with patch(
+            "py.tagging_defaults.read_wd14_label_rows",
+            wraps=__import__(
+                "py.tagging_defaults", fromlist=["x"]
+            ).read_wd14_label_rows,
+        ) as reader:
+            self.assertEqual(wd14_label_names(self.path), ("blurry",))
+            self.assertEqual(wd14_label_names(self.path), ("blurry",))
+            self.assertEqual(reader.call_count, 1)
+            self.write([("blurry", "0"), ("sky", "0")])
+            os.utime(self.path, ns=(1, 2))
+            self.assertEqual(wd14_label_names(self.path), ("blurry", "sky"))
+            self.assertEqual(reader.call_count, 2)
+
+    def test_a_damaged_list_is_a_value_error_for_the_caller_to_skip(self):
+        # A field over the csv module's size limit raises csv.Error.
+        big = "x" * (csv.field_size_limit() + 1)
+        self.path.write_text(
+            f"tag_id,name,category,count\n1,{big},0,1\n", encoding="utf-8"
+        )
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            wd14_label_names(self.path)
+
+    def test_a_missing_list_raises_for_the_caller_to_skip(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(OSError):
+            wd14_label_names(self.path)
+
+
+class FilterService:
+    """``AutoTagService`` with a fixed model output instead of a model."""
+
+    def __init__(self, scored):
+        from py.autotag import AutoTagService
+
+        self.service = AutoTagService.__new__(AutoTagService)
+        self.service._scored_tags = lambda *args, **kwargs: list(scored)
+
+    def suggest(self, limit, skip=None):
+        return self.service.generate_tag_suggestions(
+            "image.png", limit=limit, skip=skip
+        )
+
+
+class TestFilter(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_skipped_tags_do_not_use_up_slots(self):
+        """WD14: the next-best tags above the thresholds fill the limit."""
+        scored = [
+            ("blurry", 0.99),
+            ("sky", 0.9),
+            ("blurry_background", 0.8),
+            ("cloud", 0.7),
+            ("sun", 0.6),
+            ("sea", 0.5),
+        ]
+        service = FilterService(scored)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            service.suggest(3, SkipMatcher(["blurry"])),
+            [("sky", 0.9), ("cloud", 0.7), ("sun", 0.6)],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(service.suggest(3), scored[:3])
+
+    def test_a_language_model_may_return_fewer_than_the_limit(self):
+        service = FilterService([("blurry", None), ("sky", None), ("signature", None)])
+        self.assertEqual(
+            service.suggest(10, SkipMatcher(["blurry", "signature"])), [("sky", None)]
+        )
+
+    def test_order_is_invalid_name_then_skip_then_dedupe_then_limit(self):
+        hidden = []
+
+        class Recording:
+            def matches(self, name):
+                hidden.append(name)
+                return name.startswith("skip")
+
+        service = FilterService(
+            [
+                ("bad,name", None),
+                ("  Sky ", None),
+                ("skip_me", None),
+                ("sky", None),
+                ("cloud", None),
+                ("sun", None),
+            ]
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            service.suggest(2, Recording()), [("Sky", None), ("cloud", None)]
+        )
+        # The refused name never reaches the matcher; trimmed names do; the
+        # duplicate is checked after the skip; nothing after the limit.
+        self.assertEqual(hidden, ["Sky", "skip_me", "sky", "cloud"])
+
+    def test_the_counting_view_reports_hidden_names(self):
+        counting = SkipMatcher(["blurry"]).counting()
+        FilterService([("blurry", 0.9), ("sky", 0.8), ("Blurry", 0.7)]).suggest(
+            5, counting
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(counting.hidden, {"blurry"})
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/test_skipped_tags_routes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+"""Skipped tags on every suggestion path, and their preview (#431).
+
+Tag image (``/image-annotations/suggest``), Auto-tag selected (the
+``image-tags`` job), the System batch (the ``autotag`` job), the legacy
+``/autotag/start`` and ``/autotag/single`` all hide a suggested tag whose
+words contain a skipped entry; a job runs with the list it started with.
+``POST /autotag/skipped-tags/preview`` counts what a list would hide among
+the library's tags and the downloaded WD14 label lists, writing nothing.
+"""
+
+import tempfile
+from pathlib import Path
+
+try:
+    from test_autotag_legacy import LegacyTestCase
+except ImportError:
+    from tests.test_autotag_legacy import LegacyTestCase
+
+from py.config import AutotagConfig
+
+PREVIEW = "/prompt_manager/autotag/skipped-tags/preview"
+
+
+class SkippedTestCase(LegacyTestCase):
+    async def get_application(self):
+        app = await super().get_application()
+        self.addCleanup(
+            setattr, AutotagConfig, "SKIPPED_TAGS", AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS
+        )
+        AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS = ()
+        return app
+
+    def job_lines(self, job):
+        return [line.split(" ", 1)[1] for line in job.log]
+
+
+class TestEveryPathHidesSkippedTags(SkippedTestCase):
+    async def test_tag_image_suggestions_omit_skipped_tags_and_count_them(self):
+        AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS = ("sandstone", "tag 001")
+        observed = await self.observed()
+
+        body = await self.suggest_ok(self.suggest_body(observed))
+
+        names = [row["name"] for row in body["suggestions"]]
+        self.assertNotIn("sandstone", names)
+        self.assertNotIn("tag_001", names)
+        # Skipped tags use up no slot: the next ones fill the limit.
+        self.assertEqual(len(names), 10)
+        self.assertEqual(names[:3], ["desert", "tag_000", "tag_002"])
+        self.assertEqual(body["skipped"], 2)
+
+    async def test_tag_image_without_skipped_tags_reports_zero(self):
+        observed = await self.observed()
+        body = await self.suggest_ok(self.suggest_body(observed))
+        self.assertEqual(body["suggestions"][0]["name"], "sandstone")
+        self.assertEqual(body["skipped"], 0)
+
+    async def test_auto_tag_selected_runs_with_the_list_of_its_start(self):
+        self.png("a.png")
+        self.png("b.png", color=(1, 2, 3))
+        AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS = ("desert",)
+
+        def save_mid_run(_path):
+            # A save while the job runs does not change that job.
+            AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS = ("sandstone",)
+
+        self.tagger.on_generate = save_mid_run
+        options = {
+            "general_threshold": 0.35,
+            "character_threshold": 0.85,
+            "suggestion_limit": 2,
+        }
+
+        job = await self.run_job(self.auto_body(["a.png", "b.png"], options=options))
+
+        self.assertEqual(job.state, "finished")
+        self.assertEqual(self.stored("a.png")["tags"], ["sandstone", "tag_000"])
+        self.assertEqual(self.stored("b.png")["tags"], ["sandstone", "tag_000"])
+        self.assertIn("Skipped tags: 1 entry", self.job_lines(job))
+
+    async def test_the_system_batch_hides_skipped_tags_and_logs_the_list(self):
+        self.image("a.png", (1, 2, 3), sees=["bird", "blurry_background", "sky"])
+        AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS = ("blurry", "watermark")
+
+        job = await self.run_batch(existing="merge")
+
+        self.assertEqual(self.stored("a.png")["tags"], ["bird", "sky"])
+        self.assertIn("Skipped tags: 2 entries", self.job_lines(job))
+
+        AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS = ()
+        self.image("b.png", (4, 5, 6), sees=["blurry"])
+        await self.relist()
+        job = await self.run_batch(existing="merge")
+        self.assertEqual(self.stored("b.png")["tags"], ["blurry"])
+        self.assertIn("Skipped tags: none", self.job_lines(job))
+
+    async def test_the_legacy_batch_hides_skipped_tags(self):
+        self.image("a.png", (1, 2, 3), sees=["bird", "signature"])
+        AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS = ("signature",)
+
+        response, frames = await self.legacy()
+
+        self.assertEqual(response.status, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(frames[-1]["type"], "complete", frames[-1])
+        self.assertEqual(self.stored("a.png")["tags"], ["bird"])
+
+    async def test_the_legacy_single_review_hides_skipped_tags(self):
+        prompt = self.prompt("a prompt")
+        image = self.link(
+            prompt, self.image("a.png", (1, 2, 3), sees=["bird", "t-shirt"])
+        )
+        AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS = ("shirt",)
+
+        status, data = await self.single({"image_id": image, "model_type": "wd14-vit"})
+
+        self.assertEqual(status, 200, data)
+        self.assertEqual(data["tags"], ["bird"])
+
+    async def test_hand_typed_and_stored_tags_are_never_filtered(self):
+        path = self.image("a.png", (1, 2, 3), sees=["bird"])
+        self.saved_set("a.png", path.read_bytes(), ["blurry_hand_tag"])
+        AutotagConfig.SKIPPED_TAGS = ("blurry",)
+
+        await self.run_batch(existing="merge")
+        job = await self.run_job(self.add_body(["a.png"], ["blurry"]))
+
+        self.assertEqual(job.state, "finished")
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.stored("a.png")["tags"], ["blurry_hand_tag", "bird", "blurry"]
+        )
+
+
+def write_labels(directory, subdir, rows):
+    path = Path(directory) / subdir / "selected_tags.csv"
+    path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    lines = ["tag_id,name,category,count"]
+    lines += [f"{i},{name},{category},1" for i, (name, category) in enumerate(rows)]
+    path.write_text("\n".join(lines) + "\n", encoding="utf-8")
+
+
+class TestPreview(SkippedTestCase):
+    async def asyncSetUp(self):
+        await super().asyncSetUp()
+        models = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()
+        self.addCleanup(models.cleanup)
+        self.models_dir = Path(models.name)
+        self.tagger.models_dir = self.models_dir
+        for name in ("Blurry", "portrait", "my_signature_style"):
+            self.prompt(f"prompt with {name}", tags=[name])
+
+    async def preview(self, entries):
+        response = await self.client.post(PREVIEW, json={"entries": entries})
+        return response.status, await self.json_of(response)
+
+    async def test_library_tags_only_when_no_label_list_is_downloaded(self):
+        status, data = await self.preview(["blurry", "signature", "watermark"])
+
+        self.assertEqual(status, 200, data)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            data,
+            {
+                "success": True,
+                "count": 2,
+                "sample": ["Blurry", "my_signature_style"],
+                "sample_limit": 12,
+                "per_entry": [
+                    {"entry": "blurry", "count": 1},
+                    {"entry": "signature", "count": 1},
+                    {"entry": "watermark", "count": 0},
+                ],
+                "sources": {"library": 3, "wd14": []},
+            },
+        )
+
+    async def test_both_label_lists_join_the_library_tags(self):
+        write_labels(
+            self.models_dir,
+            "WD14-SwinV2",
+            [
+                ("blurry", "0"),
+                ("blurry_background", "0"),
+                ("watermark", "0"),
+                ("general", "9"),
+                ("saber_(fate)", "4"),
+            ],
+        )
+        write_labels(
+            self.models_dir,
+            "WD14-ViT",
+            [
+                ("blurry_foreground", "0"),
+                ("watermark", "0"),
+                ("fate_(series)", "3"),
+            ],
+        )
+
+        status, data = await self.preview(["blurry", "watermark", "(fate)", "general"])
+
+        self.assertEqual(status, 200, data)
+        # Library spellings first (case-folded duplicates are one tag), then the
+        # label lists' names, each part sorted case-folded; rating and copyright
+        # rows are never suggested, so never counted.
+        self.assertEqual(
+            data["sample"],
+            [
+                "Blurry",
+                "blurry_background",
+                "blurry_foreground",
+                "saber_(fate)",
+                "watermark",
+            ],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(data["count"], 5)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            data["per_entry"],
+            [
+                {"entry": "blurry", "count": 3},
+                {"entry": "watermark", "count": 1},
+                {"entry": "(fate)", "count": 1},
+                {"entry": "general", "count": 0},
+            ],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            data["sources"], {"library": 3, "wd14": ["WD14 SwinV2", "WD14 ViT"]}
+        )
+
+    async def test_the_sample_holds_at_most_twelve(self):
+        write_labels(
+            self.models_dir,
+            "WD14-SwinV2",
+            [(f"sky_{index:02d}", "0") for index in range(20)],
+        )
+        status, data = await self.preview(["sky"])
+        self.assertEqual(status, 200, data)
+        self.assertEqual(data["count"], 20)
+        self.assertEqual(data["sample"], [f"sky_{index:02d}" for index in range(12)])
+
+    async def test_a_bad_list_is_refused_with_the_save_sentence(self):
+        for body, message in (
+            ({"entries": ["sky", "Sky"]}, "Skipped tags: entry 2 repeats entry 1."),
+            (
+                {"entries": ["a,b"]},
+                "Skipped tags: entry 1 must not contain a comma or a line break.",
+            ),
+            ({"entries": "sky"}, "Skipped tags must be a list of words."),
+        ):
+            with self.subTest(body=body):
+                response = await self.client.post(PREVIEW, json=body)
+                self.assertEqual(response.status, 400)
+                self.assertEqual((await response.json())["error"], message)
+        response = await self.client.post(PREVIEW, json={"entries": [], "x": 1})
+        self.assertEqual(response.status, 400)
+
+    async def test_preview_loads_no_model_opens_no_image_and_writes_nothing(self):
+        write_labels(self.models_dir, "WD14-SwinV2", [("blurry", "0")])
+        self.image("a.png", (1, 2, 3))
+        before = self.prompt_rows()
+
+        status, data = await self.preview(["blurry"])
+
+        self.assertEqual(status, 200, data)
+        self.assertEqual(self.tagger.load_calls, [])
+        self.assertEqual(self.tagger.read_paths, [])
+        self.assertEqual(self.prompt_rows(), before)
+        self.assertEqual(self.api._jobs.list(), [])
+
+    async def test_preview_is_busy_while_an_exclusive_job_runs(self):
+        async with self.api._jobs.hold(
+            "restore", "Restore library", admission="exclusive"
+        ):
+            status, data = await self.preview(["blurry"])
+        self.assertEqual(status, 409, data)
+        self.assertEqual(data["code"], "busy")
+        self.assertEqual(data["running"]["title"], "Restore library")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import unittest
+
+    unittest.main()

tests/test_thumbnail_auto.py

@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ class TestThumbnailOnFirstView(AutoThumbnailCase):
         await self._writers(state, auto.ON_DEMAND_LIMIT)
         await self._waiting(len(names))
         self.assertEqual(default_calls, [], "no view waits on a default thread")
-        self.assertTrue(all(name.startswith("pm-preview") for name in state["threads"]))
+        self.assertTrue(all(name.startswith("pm-image") for name in state["threads"]))
         status = await self.client.get("/prompt_manager/images/thumbnails/status")
         self.assertEqual(status.status, 200, "another route answers meanwhile")
         await status.read()
@@ -678,7 +678,7 @@ class TestShutdown(AutoThumbnailCase):
             _entry(self.api, self.output_dir, "viewed.png")["thumbnail_url"]
         )
         await resp.read()
-        pool_threads = list(self.api._preview_pool_threads())
+        pool_threads = list(self.api._image_pool_threads())
         self.assertTrue(pool_threads)
         loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
         await loop.run_in_executor(
@@ -904,7 +904,8 @@ class TestThumbnailOnCapture(AutoThumbnailCase):
             self.api.queue_capture_thumbnail(str(path))
         release.set()
         await self._idle()
-        self.assertEqual(batches, [(1, 1), (2, 2), (2, 2)])
+        # The job pool's size is the setting; each batch is at most that (#523).
+        self.assertEqual(batches, [(1, 2), (2, 2), (2, 2)])
         self.assertLessEqual(state["peak"], 2)
         for i in range(5):
             self.assertTrue(

tests/test_utils_parallel.py

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-"""Tests for utils/parallel.py: bounded thread-pool map used by long jobs."""
+"""Tests for utils/parallel.py: bounded thread-pool map used by long jobs.
+
+The jobs share one long-lived pool of Worker threads (#523): its threads (and
+their malloc arenas) are reused from job to job instead of a new set per call.
+"""
 
 import os
 import sys
@@ -8,10 +12,22 @@ import unittest
 
 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
 
-from utils.parallel import map_parallel  # noqa: E402
+from utils import parallel  # noqa: E402
+from utils.parallel import JOB_THREAD_PREFIX, map_parallel  # noqa: E402
+
+WAIT = 30
+
+
+def _job_threads():
+    return {
+        t for t in threading.enumerate() if t.name.startswith(JOB_THREAD_PREFIX + "_")
+    }
 
 
 class TestMapParallel(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.assertTrue(parallel.shutdown_job_pool(WAIT))
+        self.addCleanup(parallel.shutdown_job_pool, WAIT)
 
     def test_results_keep_input_order(self):
         def slow_square(n):
@@ -22,12 +38,102 @@ class TestMapParallel(unittest.TestCase):
             map_parallel(slow_square, [1, 2, 3, 4], workers=4), [1, 4, 9, 16]
         )
 
-    def test_one_worker_runs_on_the_calling_thread(self):
+    def test_one_worker_runs_on_the_one_job_thread(self):
         names = []
         map_parallel(
             lambda _: names.append(threading.current_thread().name), [1, 2, 3], 1
         )
-        self.assertEqual(set(names), {threading.current_thread().name})
+        self.assertEqual(len(set(names)), 1)
+        self.assertTrue(names[0].startswith(JOB_THREAD_PREFIX + "_"), names)
+
+    def test_jobs_reuse_the_same_long_lived_threads(self):
+        """Arenas are reused instead of a new set of threads per job."""
+        first, second = set(), set()
+        map_parallel(lambda _: first.add(threading.current_thread()), range(8), 2)
+        map_parallel(lambda _: second.add(threading.current_thread()), range(8), 2)
+        self.assertTrue(second <= first, (first, second))
+        self.assertLessEqual(len(_job_threads()), 2)
+        self.assertTrue(all(t.is_alive() for t in first | second))
+
+    def test_a_new_worker_count_replaces_the_pool(self):
+        map_parallel(lambda n: n, range(4), 2)
+        old = _job_threads()
+        map_parallel(lambda n: n, range(4), 3)
+        for thread in old:
+            thread.join(WAIT)
+            self.assertFalse(thread.is_alive(), thread.name)
+        self.assertLessEqual(len(_job_threads()), 3)
+
+    def test_shutdown_also_joins_a_pool_a_resize_retired(self):
+        entered, release = threading.Event(), threading.Event()
+
+        def hold(_):
+            entered.set()
+            release.wait(WAIT)
+
+        caller = threading.Thread(target=map_parallel, args=(hold, [1], 1))
+        caller.start()
+        self.addCleanup(caller.join, WAIT)
+        self.addCleanup(release.set)
+        self.assertTrue(entered.wait(WAIT))
+        map_parallel(lambda n: n, [1, 2], 2)  # a new size retires the busy pool
+        self.assertFalse(parallel.shutdown_job_pool(0.05))
+        release.set()
+        caller.join(WAIT)
+        self.assertTrue(parallel.shutdown_job_pool(WAIT))
+        self.assertFalse(parallel.job_pool_started())
+
+    def test_an_item_run_from_a_job_thread_runs_inline(self):
+        """A nested map never waits for the threads it is running on."""
+
+        def outer(n):
+            return map_parallel(lambda m: (m, threading.current_thread()), [n], 1)
+
+        results = map_parallel(outer, [1, 2], 1)
+        self.assertEqual([r[0][0] for r in results], [1, 2])
+
+    def test_shutdown_stops_the_threads_and_a_later_job_starts_fresh(self):
+        map_parallel(lambda n: n, range(4), 2)
+        threads = _job_threads()
+        self.assertTrue(threads)
+        self.assertTrue(parallel.job_pool_started())
+        self.assertTrue(parallel.shutdown_job_pool(WAIT))
+        self.assertFalse(parallel.job_pool_started())
+        self.assertFalse(any(t.is_alive() for t in threads))
+        self.assertEqual(map_parallel(lambda n: n + 1, [1], 2), [2])
+
+    def test_shutdown_reports_a_thread_still_running(self):
+        entered, release = threading.Event(), threading.Event()
+
+        def hold(_):
+            entered.set()
+            release.wait(WAIT)
+
+        caller = threading.Thread(target=map_parallel, args=(hold, [1], 1))
+        caller.start()
+        self.assertTrue(entered.wait(WAIT))
+        self.assertFalse(parallel.shutdown_job_pool(0.05))
+        release.set()
+        caller.join(WAIT)
+        self.assertFalse(caller.is_alive())
+
+    def test_a_failing_item_waits_for_the_running_ones(self):
+        """The caller sees the error only after its other items stopped."""
+        running = threading.Event()
+        finished = []
+
+        def item(n):
+            if n == 0:
+                self.assertTrue(running.wait(WAIT))
+                raise ValueError("zero")
+            running.set()
+            time.sleep(0.05)
+            finished.append(n)
+            return n
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            map_parallel(item, [0, 1], 2)
+        self.assertEqual(finished, [1])
 
     def test_several_workers_use_several_threads(self):
         names = set()

tests/trash_route_audit.py

@@ -164,6 +164,7 @@ ROUTE_AUDIT = {
         "PATCH /prompt_manager/saved-views/{view_id}",
         "PATCH /prompt_manager/vocabulary/tags/{tag_id}",
         "POST /prompt_manager/autotag/download/{model_type}",
+        "POST /prompt_manager/autotag/skipped-tags/preview",
         "POST /prompt_manager/autotag/unload",
         "POST /prompt_manager/bulk/category",
         "POST /prompt_manager/bulk/delete",

tools/perf/memory_drive.py

@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+"""Measure the server's resident memory under a busy Images/Library session (#523).
+
+Manual only, Linux only (it reads ``/proc`` and glibc's ``malloc_info``); never
+run in CI. It starts the production API inside the disposable browser test
+server (``tests/browser/server.py``: its own temporary library, database and
+output folder; never a live ComfyUI) and drives it for ``--minutes``:
+
+- ``--clients`` threads loop over: a workspace grid page of 100 images, 40 of
+  its thumbnails, 6 inspector reads and 6 full-file reads, the Library list
+  with 3 entries' history and images, and the recent prompt and image lists;
+- every minute, ``--batch`` new PNGs (832 to 1536 px, ComfyUI-shaped
+  metadata) are copied into the output folder, then a scan job and a
+  thumbnail job run to completion.
+
+Every 5 s the server samples its RSS, Python heap (tracemalloc), threads and
+glibc arena count. The test server pins glibc's mmap threshold (#516); this
+driver turns that off so the production allocator behaviour is measured,
+unless ``--mallopt`` asks for the pinned comparison run.
+
+    python tools/perf/memory_drive.py --label after --minutes 12
+    python tools/perf/memory_drive.py --repo /path/to/other/checkout --label before
+
+The checkout under ``--repo`` (default: this one) is the code measured; the
+driver itself only needs Pillow. The last line printed is a Markdown table row.
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import ctypes
+import json
+import os
+import random
+import shutil
+import subprocess  # nosec B404 - starts this script's own server child
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import threading
+import time
+import tracemalloc
+import urllib.parse
+import urllib.request
+from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
+
+HERE = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
+REPO = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(HERE))
+PORT_ANNOUNCEMENT = "PM_TEST_SERVER_PORT="
+OUTPUT_ANNOUNCEMENT = "output="
+SAMPLE_SECONDS = 5
+MEDIA_FILES = 120
+MEDIA_SIDES = (832, 1024, 1216, 1536)
+REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 120
+JOB_POLL_LIMIT = 600
+FINAL_STATES = ("finished", "cancelled", "failed")
+M_MMAP_THRESHOLD = -3
+
+
+# ── the server child ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def _arena_count(libc):
+    """glibc's arena count (``<heap nr=`` entries of ``malloc_info``)."""
+    buffer, size = ctypes.c_char_p(), ctypes.c_size_t()
+    stream = libc.open_memstream(ctypes.byref(buffer), ctypes.byref(size))
+    libc.malloc_info(0, stream)
+    libc.fclose(stream)
+    text = ctypes.string_at(buffer, size.value).decode()
+    libc.free(ctypes.cast(buffer, ctypes.c_void_p))
+    return text.count("<heap nr=")
+
+
+def _status():
+    with open("/proc/self/status", encoding="ascii") as status:
+        return {
+            line.split(":")[0]: int(line.split()[1])
+            for line in status
+            if line.startswith(("VmRSS", "RssAnon", "Threads"))
+        }
+
+
+def _sample_forever(libc, samples_path):
+    start = time.monotonic()
+    announced = False
+    with open(samples_path, "a", buffering=1, encoding="utf-8") as out:
+        while True:
+            folder_paths = sys.modules.get("folder_paths")
+            if not announced and hasattr(folder_paths, "get_output_directory"):
+                out.write(OUTPUT_ANNOUNCEMENT + folder_paths.get_output_directory())
+                out.write("\n")
+                announced = True
+            status = _status()
+            out.write(
+                json.dumps(
+                    {
+                        "t": round(time.monotonic() - start),
+                        "rss": status["VmRSS"] >> 10,
+                        "anon": status["RssAnon"] >> 10,
+                        "heap": tracemalloc.get_traced_memory()[0] >> 20,
+                        "threads": status["Threads"],
+                        "arenas": _arena_count(libc),
+                    }
+                )
+                + "\n"
+            )
+            time.sleep(SAMPLE_SECONDS if announced else 0.5)
+
+
+def serve(repo, samples_path, mallopt):
+    """Run the browser test server of *repo* in this process, sampled."""
+    sys.path.insert(0, repo)
+    os.chdir(repo)
+    tracemalloc.start(1)
+    libc = ctypes.CDLL(None)
+    libc.open_memstream.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
+    libc.open_memstream.argtypes = [
+        ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_char_p),
+        ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_size_t),
+    ]
+    libc.fclose.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
+    libc.malloc_info.argtypes = [ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_void_p]
+    libc.free.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
+    if mallopt:
+        libc.mallopt(M_MMAP_THRESHOLD, 128 * 1024)
+    threading.Thread(
+        target=_sample_forever, args=(libc, samples_path), daemon=True
+    ).start()
+    from tests.browser import server
+
+    if not mallopt:
+        server.pin_mmap_threshold = lambda: False  # production allocator
+    server.main(["--port", "0", "--exit-on-stdin-eof"])
+
+
+# ── the driver ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def make_media(folder, count=MEDIA_FILES, seed=523):
+    """Synthetic ComfyUI-shaped PNGs (smooth noise, prompt and workflow)."""
+    from PIL import Image, PngImagePlugin
+
+    rng = random.Random(seed)
+    os.makedirs(folder, exist_ok=True)
+    for index in range(count):
+        side = MEDIA_SIDES[index % len(MEDIA_SIDES)]
+        small = Image.frombytes(
+            "RGB", (64, 64), bytes(rng.randrange(256) for _ in range(64 * 64 * 3))
+        )
+        image = small.resize((side, side), Image.BICUBIC)
+        text = f"synthetic scene {index}, soft light, detailed"
+        prompt = {
+            "3": {
+                "class_type": "KSampler",
+                "inputs": {
+                    "seed": index,
+                    "steps": 20,
+                    "cfg": 7.0,
+                    "sampler_name": "euler",
+                    "scheduler": "normal",
+                    "denoise": 1.0,
+                    "model": ["4", 0],
+                    "positive": ["6", 0],
+                    "negative": ["7", 0],
+                    "latent_image": ["5", 0],
+                },
+            },
+            "4": {
+                "class_type": "CheckpointLoaderSimple",
+                "inputs": {"ckpt_name": "model.safetensors"},
+            },
+            "5": {
+                "class_type": "EmptyLatentImage",
+                "inputs": {"width": side, "height": side, "batch_size": 1},
+            },
+            "6": {
+                "class_type": "CLIPTextEncode",
+                "inputs": {"text": text, "clip": ["4", 1]},
+            },
+            "7": {
+                "class_type": "CLIPTextEncode",
+                "inputs": {"text": "blurry", "clip": ["4", 1]},
+            },
+            "9": {
+                "class_type": "SaveImage",
+                "inputs": {"filename_prefix": "img", "images": ["8", 0]},
+            },
+        }
+        workflow = {
+            "nodes": [
+                {"id": int(k), "type": v["class_type"]} for k, v in prompt.items()
+            ]
+        }
+        info = PngImagePlugin.PngInfo()
+        info.add_text("prompt", json.dumps(prompt))
+        info.add_text("workflow", json.dumps(workflow))
+        image.save(
+            os.path.join(folder, f"m{index:03d}.png"), pnginfo=info, compress_level=4
+        )
+
+
+class Driver:
+    def __init__(self, base, output, media, batch):
+        self.base, self.output, self.media, self.batch = base, output, media, batch
+        self.errors, self.batches = [], 0
+        self.names = sorted(os.listdir(media))
+
+    def call(self, method, path, body=None, raw=False):
+        data = None if body is None else json.dumps(body).encode()
+        request = urllib.request.Request(  # nosec B310 - loopback test server
+            self.base + path,
+            data=data,
+            method=method,
+            headers={"Content-Type": "application/json"},
+        )
+        try:
+            with urllib.request.urlopen(  # nosec B310
+                request, timeout=REQUEST_TIMEOUT
+            ) as response:
+                payload = response.read()
+        except Exception as error:  # keep driving; errors are counted
+            self.errors.append(f"{method} {path.split('?')[0]}: {error}")
+            return None
+        return payload if raw else json.loads(payload or b"{}")
+
+    def add_batch(self):
+        self.batches += 1
+        folder = os.path.join(self.output, f"batch{self.batches:03d}")
+        os.makedirs(folder)
+        for index in range(self.batch):
+            name = self.names[(self.batches * self.batch + index) % len(self.names)]
+            shutil.copyfile(
+                os.path.join(self.media, name),
+                os.path.join(folder, f"img_{self.batches:03d}_{index:03d}.png"),
+            )
+
+    def wait_job(self, response):
+        job = ((response or {}).get("job") or {}).get("id")
+        for _ in range(JOB_POLL_LIMIT if job else 0):
+            state = self.call("GET", f"/prompt_manager/jobs/{job}")
+            if not state or (state.get("job") or {}).get("state") in FINAL_STATES:
+                return
+            time.sleep(1)
+
+    def scan_and_thumbnails(self):
+        self.add_batch()
+        self.wait_job(self.call("POST", "/prompt_manager/jobs/scan", {}))
+        self.wait_job(self.call("POST", "/prompt_manager/jobs/thumbnails", {}))
+
+    def browse(self, _index=None):
+        offset = random.randint(0, 3) * 100  # nosec B311 - load shape only
+        page = self.call(
+            "GET",
+            f"/prompt_manager/images/output?mode=workspace&limit=100&offset={offset}",
+        )
+        images = [i for i in (page or {}).get("images") or [] if isinstance(i, dict)]
+        urls = [i.get("thumbnail_url") or i.get("url") for i in images]
+        urls = [u for u in urls if u]
+        for url in random.sample(urls, min(40, len(urls))):
+            self.call("GET", url, raw=True)
+        for image in random.sample(images, min(6, len(images))):
+            self.inspect(image)
+            if image.get("url"):
+                self.call("GET", image["url"], raw=True)
+        library = self.call("GET", "/prompt_manager/library?limit=100") or {}
+        entries = [e for e in library.get("items") or [] if isinstance(e, dict)]
+        for entry in random.sample(entries, min(3, len(entries))):
+            prompt_id = entry.get("id") or entry.get("positive_id")
+            if prompt_id is not None:
+                self.call(
+                    "GET", f"/prompt_manager/library/{prompt_id}/history", raw=True
+                )
+                self.call(
+                    "GET", f"/prompt_manager/library/{prompt_id}/images", raw=True
+                )
+        self.call("GET", "/prompt_manager/recent?limit=50", raw=True)
+        self.call("GET", "/prompt_manager/images/recent?limit=50", raw=True)
+
+    def inspect(self, image):
+        relative, index = image.get("path"), image.get("root_index")
+        if not relative or not isinstance(index, int):
+            return
+        query = {"root": str(index)}
+        if image.get("root_scope"):
+            query["root_scope"] = image["root_scope"]
+        self.call(
+            "GET",
+            "/prompt_manager/images/inspect/"
+            + urllib.parse.quote(relative)
+            + "?"
+            + urllib.parse.urlencode(query),
+            raw=True,
+        )
+
+
+def _wait_for_output(samples_path, process):
+    while process.poll() is None:
+        with open(samples_path, encoding="utf-8") as samples:
+            for line in samples:
+                if line.startswith(OUTPUT_ANNOUNCEMENT):
+                    return line[len(OUTPUT_ANNOUNCEMENT) :].strip()
+        time.sleep(0.2)
+    raise RuntimeError("the server exited before it started")
+
+
+def summarize(samples_path, label, batches, errors):
+    rows = []
+    with open(samples_path, encoding="utf-8") as samples:
+        for line in samples:
+            if line.startswith("{"):
+                rows.append(json.loads(line))
+    if not rows:
+        raise RuntimeError("no samples were taken")
+    rss = [row["rss"] for row in rows]
+    late = [row for row in rows if row["t"] >= 120] or rows
+    end = rows[-1]
+    return (
+        f"| {label} | {rss[0]} → {end['rss']} | {min(r['rss'] for r in late)}–"
+        f"{max(r['rss'] for r in late)} | {max(rss)} | {rows[0]['heap']} → "
+        f"{end['heap']} | {max(r['threads'] for r in rows)} | "
+        f"{max(r['arenas'] for r in rows)} | {batches} | {len(errors)} |"
+    )
+
+
+def drive(args):
+    work = args.out or tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="pm-memory-")
+    media = os.path.join(work, "media")
+    if not os.path.isdir(media):
+        print(f"Writing {MEDIA_FILES} PNGs to {media}", flush=True)
+        make_media(media)
+    samples_path = os.path.join(work, f"{args.label}.samples")
+    open(samples_path, "w", encoding="utf-8").close()
+    command = [sys.executable, os.path.abspath(__file__), "--serve", samples_path]
+    command += ["--repo", os.path.abspath(args.repo)]
+    command += ["--mallopt"] if args.mallopt else []
+    with open(os.path.join(work, f"{args.label}.stderr"), "w") as stderr:
+        process = subprocess.Popen(  # nosec B603
+            command, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=stderr
+        )
+        try:
+            port = None
+            for line in process.stdout:
+                text = line.decode(errors="replace")
+                if text.startswith(PORT_ANNOUNCEMENT):
+                    port = int(text[len(PORT_ANNOUNCEMENT) :])
+                    break
+            if port is None:
+                raise RuntimeError("the server announced no port")
+            output = _wait_for_output(samples_path, process)
+            driver = Driver(f"http://127.0.0.1:{port}", output, media, args.batch)
+            run(driver, args)
+        finally:
+            process.stdin.close()
+            process.wait(60)
+    print(f"Samples: {samples_path}")
+    print(
+        "| run | RSS start → end (MB) | after 2 min | max | heap (MB) | threads "
+        "| arenas | batches | errors |"
+    )
+    print(summarize(samples_path, args.label, driver.batches, driver.errors))
+
+
+def run(driver, args):
+    driver.call("POST", "/__test__/reset", {})
+    driver.scan_and_thumbnails()
+    deadline = time.monotonic() + args.minutes * 60
+    next_batch = time.monotonic() + 60
+    with ThreadPoolExecutor(args.clients) as pool:
+        while time.monotonic() < deadline:
+            list(pool.map(driver.browse, range(args.clients)))
+            if time.monotonic() > next_batch:
+                driver.scan_and_thumbnails()
+                next_batch = time.monotonic() + 60
+    time.sleep(SAMPLE_SECONDS + 1)  # one more sample after the load stops
+
+
+def main(argv=None):
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__.split("\n\n")[0])
+    parser.add_argument("--repo", default=REPO, help="checkout to measure")
+    parser.add_argument("--label", default="run")
+    parser.add_argument("--minutes", type=float, default=12)
+    parser.add_argument("--clients", type=int, default=6)
+    parser.add_argument("--batch", type=int, default=60, help="new PNGs a minute")
+    parser.add_argument("--out", help="work folder (media, samples); default temp")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--mallopt", action="store_true", help="pin the mmap threshold (comparison)"
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--serve", metavar="SAMPLES", help=argparse.SUPPRESS)
+    args = parser.parse_args(argv)
+    if not sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
+        parser.error("Linux only: it reads /proc and glibc's malloc_info")
+    if args.serve:
+        serve(os.path.abspath(args.repo), args.serve, args.mallopt)
+    else:
+        drive(args)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

tools/vendor/frontend-coverage-baseline.json

@@ -629,6 +629,18 @@
     "functions": 95,
     "statements": 98
   },
+  "workspace/system-instructions.mjs": {
+    "lines": 80,
+    "branches": 80,
+    "functions": 80,
+    "statements": 80
+  },
+  "workspace/system-skipped-tags.mjs": {
+    "lines": 80,
+    "branches": 80,
+    "functions": 80,
+    "statements": 80
+  },
   "workspace/system-state.mjs": {
     "lines": 98,
     "branches": 94,

utils/metadata_extractor.py

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ from typing import Optional, Dict, Any
 from PIL import Image
 
 from .logging_config import get_logger
+from .png_text import png_text
 
 
 class ComfyUIMetadataExtractor:
@@ -88,12 +89,14 @@ class ComfyUIMetadataExtractor:
                 # Add basic file information
                 metadata["file_info"] = self.get_file_info(image_path, image)
 
-                # Extract ComfyUI-specific metadata from PNG text chunks
-                if hasattr(image, "text") and image.text:
+                # Extract ComfyUI-specific metadata from PNG text chunks,
+                # read without decoding the pixels (#523)
+                text = png_text(image)
+                if text:
                     # Look for ComfyUI workflow data
-                    if "workflow" in image.text:
+                    if "workflow" in text:
                         try:
-                            workflow_data = json.loads(image.text["workflow"])
+                            workflow_data = json.loads(text["workflow"])
                             metadata["workflow"] = workflow_data
 
                             # Extract text encoder nodes from workflow
@@ -107,9 +110,9 @@ class ComfyUIMetadataExtractor:
                             self.logger.warning(f"Failed to parse workflow JSON: {e}")
 
                     # Look for prompt data
-                    if "prompt" in image.text:
+                    if "prompt" in text:
                         try:
-                            prompt_data = json.loads(image.text["prompt"])
+                            prompt_data = json.loads(text["prompt"])
                             metadata["prompt"] = prompt_data
                         except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
                             self.logger.warning(f"Failed to parse prompt JSON: {e}")
@@ -129,13 +132,13 @@ class ComfyUIMetadataExtractor:
                     ]
 
                     for field in metadata_fields:
-                        if field in image.text:
+                        if field in text:
                             try:
                                 # Try to parse as JSON first
-                                metadata[field] = json.loads(image.text[field])
+                                metadata[field] = json.loads(text[field])
                             except (json.JSONDecodeError, TypeError):
                                 # Store as string if not valid JSON
-                                metadata[field] = image.text[field]
+                                metadata[field] = text[field]
 
                 return (
                     metadata

utils/native_memory.py

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+"""Give glibc's free heap pages back to the OS after a long image job (#523).
+
+Image work (decode, resize, encode) leaves image-sized free blocks in the
+malloc arenas of the threads that did it; glibc keeps those pages resident.
+``release_free_memory`` calls ``malloc_trim(0)`` once, which returns the free
+pages of every arena and changes no allocator setting (no ``mallopt``, no
+``MALLOC_ARENA_MAX``: ComfyUI owns this process's allocator).
+
+glibc only: on Windows, macOS and musl (Alpine) it does nothing. It never
+raises; a missing or failing ``malloc_trim`` is a quiet ``False``.
+"""
+
+import ctypes
+import os
+import sys
+import threading
+
+_lock = threading.Lock()
+_trim = None
+_looked_up = False
+
+
+def _glibc() -> bool:
+    """Whether this process runs on glibc (musl has no CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION)."""
+    if not sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
+        return False
+    try:
+        version = os.confstr("CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION")
+    except (AttributeError, ValueError, OSError):
+        return False
+    return bool(version) and version.startswith("glibc")
+
+
+def _malloc_trim():
+    """glibc's ``malloc_trim``, looked up once; None where there is none."""
+    global _trim, _looked_up
+    with _lock:
+        if not _looked_up:
+            _looked_up = True
+            _trim = _lookup()
+        return _trim
+
+
+def _lookup():
+    if not _glibc():
+        return None
+    try:
+        trim = ctypes.CDLL(None).malloc_trim
+    except (OSError, AttributeError):
+        return None
+    trim.argtypes = [ctypes.c_size_t]
+    trim.restype = ctypes.c_int
+    return trim
+
+
+def release_free_memory() -> bool:
+    """Return free heap pages to the OS once (glibc); True when it ran."""
+    trim = _malloc_trim()
+    if trim is None:
+        return False
+    try:
+        trim(0)
+    except Exception:  # a foreign libc symbol: never fail the caller's job
+        return False
+    return True

utils/parallel.py

@@ -15,18 +15,36 @@ create new thread at interpreter shutdown") only once the interpreter is
 marked finalizing, after the ``atexit`` callbacks. ``refused_at_shutdown``
 recognises both; ``note_refusal`` logs one DEBUG line per place, with no
 traceback.
+
+One long-lived pool (#523): every ``map_parallel`` call shares one pool of
+``workers`` threads (``JOB_THREAD_PREFIX``), kept between jobs, instead of a
+new pool per call. Image work then reuses the same few threads, and their
+malloc arenas, rather than leaving each call's image-sized buffers in a new
+set of arenas. A different ``workers`` count (the Worker threads setting
+changed) replaces the pool; the old one finishes what it holds and exits.
+``shutdown_job_pool`` stops it (the package teardown); the next call starts
+a fresh one.
 """
 
 import logging
 import threading
-from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
+import time
+from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, wait
 
 from .exit_signal import checked
 
 SHUTDOWN_REFUSAL = "interpreter shutdown"
+# ``submit`` on a pool already shut down (this module's teardown or a resize).
+SHUT_POOL_REFUSAL = "after shutdown"
+JOB_THREAD_PREFIX = "pm-worker"
+# The package teardown's bound for the job threads to finish their item.
+JOB_POOL_JOIN_SECONDS = 5
 _logger = logging.getLogger("prompt_manager.parallel")
 _noted = set()
 _noted_lock = threading.Lock()
+_pool_lock = threading.Lock()
+_pool = None  # (workers, ThreadPoolExecutor)
+_retired = []  # pools replaced by a new size, finishing what they hold
 
 
 def refused_at_shutdown(error):
@@ -45,39 +63,113 @@ def note_refusal(logger, what):
     logger.debug(f"{what}: refused, the interpreter is exiting")
 
 
-def map_parallel(func, items, workers):
-    """Apply ``func`` to every item on up to ``workers`` threads, keeping order.
+def job_pool_started():
+    """Whether a job pool exists (the teardown stops it)."""
+    return _pool is not None or bool(_retired)
 
-    ``workers`` of 1 (or fewer) runs on the calling thread with no pool. An
-    exception in ``func`` propagates to the caller, so callers that must
-    survive bad input wrap ``func`` themselves. A pool refused at interpreter
-    exit runs the items it did not start on the calling thread (#375). An item
+
+def _job_pool(workers):
+    """The shared pool of ``workers`` threads, replacing one of another size."""
+    global _pool
+    with _pool_lock:
+        if _pool is not None and _pool[0] == workers:
+            return _pool[1]
+        retired = _pool
+        _pool = (
+            workers,
+            ThreadPoolExecutor(workers, thread_name_prefix=JOB_THREAD_PREFIX),
+        )
+        current = _pool[1]
+    if retired is not None:
+        retired[1].shutdown(wait=False)  # it still runs what it holds
+        with _pool_lock:
+            _retired[:] = [p for p in _retired if _alive(p)] + [retired[1]]
+    return current
+
+
+def shutdown_job_pool(timeout=None):
+    """Stop the job pool (and any pool a resize retired): queued items are
+    cancelled (their callers run them on their own thread), running ones are
+    joined up to ``timeout`` seconds. True when no job thread is left."""
+    global _pool
+    with _pool_lock:
+        current, _pool = _pool, None
+        executors = _retired[:] + ([] if current is None else [current[1]])
+        _retired.clear()
+    threads = []
+    for executor in executors:
+        # After shutdown: it takes the lock ``submit`` holds while it starts
+        # and records a thread, so every thread is listed and none starts.
+        executor.shutdown(wait=False, cancel_futures=True)
+        threads.extend(getattr(executor, "_threads", ()))
+    deadline = None if timeout is None else time.monotonic() + timeout
+    for thread in threads:
+        thread.join(None if deadline is None else max(0.0, deadline - time.monotonic()))
+    return not any(thread.is_alive() for thread in threads)
+
+
+def _alive(executor):
+    return any(t.is_alive() for t in getattr(executor, "_threads", ()))
+
+
+def _forget(executor):
+    """Drop *executor* as the shared pool (a later call starts a new one)."""
+    global _pool
+    with _pool_lock:
+        if _pool is not None and _pool[1] is executor:
+            _pool = None
+
+
+def _on_job_thread():
+    return threading.current_thread().name.startswith(JOB_THREAD_PREFIX + "_")
+
+
+def map_parallel(func, items, workers):
+    """Apply ``func`` to every item on the shared pool of ``workers``
+    threads, keeping order.
+
+    ``workers`` below 1 counts as 1. A call made from a job thread runs on
+    that thread, so nested work never waits for its own pool. An exception
+    in ``func`` propagates to the caller once the call's other items have
+    stopped (those not started are dropped), so callers that must survive
+    bad input wrap ``func`` themselves. A pool refused at interpreter exit
+    runs the items it did not start on the calling thread (#375). An item
     that has not started when the interpreter starts exiting raises
     ExitRequested instead (#376).
     """
     func = checked(func)
     items = list(items)
-    workers = max(1, int(workers or 1))
-    if workers == 1 or len(items) <= 1:
+    if not items or _on_job_thread():
         return [func(item) for item in items]
-    max_workers = min(workers, len(items))
-    with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers, thread_name_prefix="pm-worker") as pool:
-        futures = []
-        try:
-            for item in items:
-                futures.append(pool.submit(func, item))
-        except RuntimeError as error:
-            if not refused_at_shutdown(error):
-                raise
+    pool = _job_pool(max(1, int(workers or 1)))
+    futures = []
+    try:
+        for item in items:
+            futures.append(pool.submit(func, item))
+    except RuntimeError as error:
+        if refused_at_shutdown(error):
             note_refusal(_logger, "A worker pool")
             # Drop what was queued but not started; it runs here instead.
             # (A refused Thread.start leaves its item queued without a future
             # here: it is cancelled too, unless a busy pool thread took it in
             # between, the one case where an item can run twice.)
-            pool.shutdown(wait=True, cancel_futures=True)
-        else:
-            return [future.result() for future in futures]
-    return _run_rest(func, items, futures)
+            _forget(pool)
+            pool.shutdown(wait=False, cancel_futures=True)
+        elif SHUT_POOL_REFUSAL not in str(error):
+            raise
+    return _collect(func, items, futures)
+
+
+def _collect(func, items, futures):
+    """``_run_rest``; on an error, first drop the call's items not started
+    and wait for its running ones, as the old per-call pool's exit did."""
+    try:
+        return _run_rest(func, items, futures)
+    except BaseException:
+        for future in futures:
+            future.cancel()
+        wait(futures)
+        raise
 
 
 def _run_rest(func, items, futures):

utils/png_text.py

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+"""PNG text chunks without decoding pixels (#523).
+
+Pillow's ``PngImageFile.text`` calls ``load()``, which decodes every pixel, to
+reach text chunks written after the image data. On a scan or a busy image
+monitor that is a full-size buffer per file for a few kilobytes of text.
+
+``png_text`` returns the same dictionary as ``image.text`` for an opened,
+single-frame PNG, by walking the chunks after the first IDAT with Pillow's own
+chunk handlers (same decoding, limits and duplicate rule) and seeking over the
+pixel data. It follows Pillow's ``load_end`` loop: chunk checksums after the
+pixels are not checked, an unreadable chunk header ends the walk, and another
+chunk that runs past the end of the file fails like ``ImageFile._safe_read``
+(unless ``ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES``).
+
+The one difference is pixel data, which is never decoded: pixel data that is
+undecodable, or cut short, no longer hides the text read before it. Pillow
+itself accepts a file cut inside its last pixel chunk once the decoder has
+all rows, and only a decode can tell those apart, so the walk never reads
+less than ``.text`` did (the PR #170 "legacy parity floor").
+
+Anything else (other formats, animated PNGs, an image already loaded) is
+answered by Pillow itself.
+"""
+
+import os
+import struct
+
+from PIL import ImageFile
+
+_PIXEL_CHUNKS = (b"IDAT", b"fdAT")
+# Signature, IHDR chunk and IDAT chunk header: the earliest pixel data offset.
+_FIRST_DATA_OFFSET = 8 + 25 + 8
+
+
+def png_text(image) -> dict:
+    """``dict(image.text)`` for an opened image, without a pixel decode.
+
+    The image stays usable: its file position and Pillow state are restored.
+    Non-PNG images answer ``{}`` (only PNG has text chunks in Pillow).
+    """
+    if not _walkable(image):
+        return dict(getattr(image, "text", None) or {})
+    fp = image.fp
+    resume = fp.tell()
+    try:
+        return _walk_after_pixels(image.png, fp, image.tile[0][2] - 8)
+    finally:
+        fp.seek(resume)
+
+
+def _walkable(image) -> bool:
+    """A plain single-frame PNG whose header pass stopped at its first IDAT."""
+    tile = getattr(image, "tile", None)
+    return (
+        image.format == "PNG"
+        and getattr(image, "png", None) is not None
+        and getattr(image, "fp", None) is not None
+        and not getattr(image, "is_animated", False)
+        and isinstance(tile, list)
+        and len(tile) == 1
+        and tile[0][0] == "zip"
+        # The first IDAT's data offset; anything else is not a layout we know.
+        and isinstance(tile[0][2], int)
+        and tile[0][2] >= _FIRST_DATA_OFFSET
+    )
+
+
+def _walk_after_pixels(stream, fp, offset: int) -> dict:
+    """Pillow's ``load_end`` chunk loop from the first IDAT header, skipping pixels.
+
+    ``stream`` is the image's own ``PngStream``: its text so far and its text
+    memory budget carry on exactly as a ``load()`` would carry them. The text
+    and info dictionaries are copied first, so ``image.text`` and
+    ``image.info`` are unchanged. Like ``load_end``, a handler for a chunk
+    misplaced after the pixels (a second IHDR or PLTE) may still update the
+    stream's other header fields; Pillow ignores them once the image is open.
+    """
+    end = fp.seek(0, os.SEEK_END)
+    saved = stream.im_text, stream.im_info, stream.text_memory
+    stream.im_text, stream.im_info = dict(saved[0]), dict(saved[1])
+    try:
+        fp.seek(offset)
+        while True:
+            try:
+                kind, position, length = stream.read()
+            except (struct.error, SyntaxError):
+                break
+            if kind == b"IEND":
+                break
+            try:
+                handled = kind not in _PIXEL_CHUNKS and _handle(
+                    stream, kind, position, length
+                )
+            except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                break
+            if not handled:
+                if position + length > end:
+                    if kind in _PIXEL_CHUNKS or ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
+                        break
+                    raise OSError("Truncated File Read")
+                fp.seek(position + length + 4)
+                continue
+            fp.read(4)  # checksum: not verified after the pixels, as in Pillow
+        return stream.im_text
+    finally:
+        stream.im_text, stream.im_info, stream.text_memory = saved
+
+
+def _handle(stream, kind: bytes, position: int, length: int) -> bool:
+    """Run Pillow's handler; ``False`` when the chunk's bytes must be skipped."""
+    try:
+        stream.call(kind, position, length)
+    except (EOFError, AttributeError):
+        # A chunk Pillow reads past (EOFError) or has no handler for.
+        return False
+    return True

web/js/workspace/activity-job-view.mjs

@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
  * - Results (`section.surface`): the outcome list (`button[aria-pressed]` with counts, in the mockup's order), a path
  *   filter, and the selected outcome's listed rows (at most 200 per outcome, so "Showing N of M"). Rows under Added and
  *   Already known open the file in the existing viewer through its listing identity (D57); the others are plain text.
+ * - #550: a row with no path is a record (a maintenance apply's "Prompt 12: category …"): its detail is shown as plain
+ *   text, never opened; the filter reads it. A maintenance plan of records (every operation but Missing-file links)
+ *   says "records" where a file job says "files" (`groupCopy`).
  * - Log: `details.term` "Scan log", collapsed, holding the raw timestamped lines in `pre[tabindex=0]`.
  * - D89: the tiles, the outcome list, the openable rows and the log and cancel labels are the job kind's (`jobView`):
  *   an image tagging job shows Tagged, Unchanged, Skipped and Errors, opens Tagged and Unchanged rows, and reads
@@ -44,6 +47,10 @@ export const DETAIL_INTERVAL_MS = 1000;
 export const NOT_FOUND = 'This job is not in this session’s Activity. Jobs are kept until ComfyUI restarts.';
 export const EMPTY_GROUP = 'No files in this group.';
 export const NO_MATCH = 'No listed file matches this filter.';
+export const EMPTY_RECORDS = 'No records in this group.';
+export const NO_RECORD_MATCH = 'No listed record matches this filter.';
+const FILE_FILTER = 'Filter by file path…';
+const RECORD_FILTER = 'Filter records…';
 export const VIEWER_HINT = 'each row opens the image in the viewer';
 export const FILE_GONE = 'This file is no longer in Images. Rescan from Import and try again.';
 export const OPEN_FAILED = 'The file could not be opened. Try again.';
@@ -68,10 +75,11 @@ export function parseDetail(raw) {
     const groups = raw.outcomes !== null && typeof raw.outcomes === 'object' ? raw.outcomes : {};
     for (const [group, rows] of Object.entries(groups)) {
         if (!Array.isArray(rows)) continue;
-        outcomes[group] = rows.filter(row => row && isText(row.path) && row.path)
+        // A file row has a path; a record row (#550) has none, only its detail.
+        outcomes[group] = rows.filter(row => row && isText(row.path) && (row.path || (isText(row.detail) && row.detail)))
             .map(row => ({ path: row.path, root: isText(row.root) ? row.root : '',
                 root_index: Number.isSafeInteger(row.root_index) && row.root_index >= 0 ? row.root_index : null,
-                detail: isText(row.detail) ? row.detail : '' }));
+                detail: isText(row.detail) ? row.detail : '', record: !row.path }));
     }
     const log = Array.isArray(raw.log) ? raw.log.filter(isText) : [];
     return { job, outcomes, log };
@@ -129,11 +137,23 @@ export function resultsNote(shown, total, openable) {
     return parts.length === 1 && openable && shown >= total ? `${text[0].toUpperCase()}${text.slice(1)}.` : text;
 }
 
-/** Rows whose path (or root label and path) holds the case-folded filter. */
+/** Rows whose path (or root label and path), or a record's detail (#550), holds the case-folded filter. */
 export function filterRows(rows, filter) {
     const wanted = filter.trim().toLocaleLowerCase();
     if (!wanted) return rows;
-    return rows.filter(row => `${row.root}/${row.path}`.toLocaleLowerCase().includes(wanted));
+    return rows.filter(row => (row.record ? row.detail : `${row.root}/${row.path}`).toLocaleLowerCase().includes(wanted));
+}
+
+/** #550: whether a job lists records (a maintenance plan of records), not files. */
+export function listsRecords(job) {
+    return job?.kind === 'maintenance' && job.scope?.operation !== 'missing_links';
+}
+
+/** The empty-group, no-match and filter copy: "records" for a records job, "files" otherwise (#550). */
+export function groupCopy(job) {
+    return listsRecords(job)
+        ? { empty: EMPTY_RECORDS, noMatch: NO_RECORD_MATCH, placeholder: RECORD_FILTER }
+        : { empty: EMPTY_GROUP, noMatch: NO_MATCH, placeholder: FILE_FILTER };
 }
 
 /** The first outcome with files, so a view opens on what happened; the first outcome when nothing has yet. */
@@ -176,7 +196,7 @@ export function mountActivityJobView(main, { store, scope, api, jobId }) {
     const search = element('label', undefined, 'search-field');
     const input = element('input');
     input.type = 'search';
-    input.placeholder = 'Filter by file path…';
+    input.placeholder = FILE_FILTER;
     input.setAttribute('aria-label', 'Filter results');
     search.append(input);
     resultsPart.heading.append(search);
@@ -280,9 +300,13 @@ export function mountActivityJobView(main, { store, scope, api, jobId }) {
     // Listed rows only ever grow, so a row keeps its node across reads: a focused row (or the viewer's trigger) stays.
     let rowNodes = new Map();
     function rowNode(row, index, openable) {
-        const key = `${selected}\n${index}\n${row.root}\n${row.path}`;
+        const key = `${selected}\n${index}\n${row.root}\n${row.path}\n${row.record ? row.detail : ''}`;
         let node = rowNodes.get(key);
-        if (!node) {
+        if (!node && row.record) {
+            // #550: a record is its detail, plain text, with no open or locate action.
+            node = element('div', undefined, 'file-row record-row');
+            node.append(element('span', row.detail, 'why'));
+        } else if (!node) {
             node = openable ? createButton('', 'file-row') : element('div', undefined, 'file-row');
             node.append(element('span', row.path, 'path'), element('span', row.detail, 'why'));
             if (openable) node.row = row;
@@ -300,8 +324,11 @@ export function mountActivityJobView(main, { store, scope, api, jobId }) {
         const nodes = [...kept.values()];
         // The counter is exact; at most 200 of its files are listed, and the filter narrows those.
         const total = Math.max(job.counters[selected] ?? 0, rows.length);
-        if (!nodes.length) nodes.push(element('p', rows.length ? NO_MATCH : EMPTY_GROUP, 'empty-state'));
-        const note = wanted.length ? resultsNote(wanted.length, total, openable) : '';
+        const copy = groupCopy(job);
+        input.placeholder = copy.placeholder;
+        if (!nodes.length) nodes.push(element('p', rows.length ? copy.noMatch : copy.empty, 'empty-state'));
+        const opens = openable && wanted.some(row => !row.record);
+        const note = wanted.length ? resultsNote(wanted.length, total, opens) : '';
         if (note) nodes.push(element('p', note, 'small'));
         for (const child of [...files.children]) if (!nodes.includes(child)) child.remove();
         nodes.forEach((node, index) => {

web/js/workspace/image-tagging-state.mjs

@@ -31,6 +31,26 @@ const SOURCES = new Set(['images', 'library', 'review', 'tags', 'bulk']);
 const OPTION_KEYS = new Set(['general_threshold', 'character_threshold', 'instructions', 'suggestion_limit']);
 const DEFAULTS = Object.freeze({general_threshold: 0.35, character_threshold: 0.85, instructions: '', suggestion_limit: 10});
 const MAX_SUGGESTIONS = 100;
+/**
+ * #431: Built-in's text (`DEFAULT_TAG_TEMPLATE` in py/tagging_defaults.py, pinned equal by
+ * tests/test_saved_instructions.py), for when `/autotag/models` cannot be read.
+ */
+export const BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS = 'Generate only comma-separated Danbooru tags (lowercase_underscores, no spaces).\n'
+    + 'Include: subject_count (1girl/1boy/etc), gender, ethnicity (asian, caucasian, etc), age_approx (teen, young_woman), '
+    + 'body_attributes, face_features, hairstyle, appearance, clothing, accessories, pose, expression, action, camera_angle, '
+    + 'camera_shot, scene_composition (wide_shot, long_shot, dutch_angle), environment, background_elements, lighting, mood.\n'
+    + 'Prioritize visual accuracy.\n'
+    + 'No sentences, no commentary, no captions. Only tags. Keep length short but descriptive.';
+export const BUILTIN_ID = 'builtin';
+/** The saved instructions when the server cannot say (D204): Built-in only, the default of both engines. */
+const FALLBACK_CHOICES = Object.freeze({
+    entries: Object.freeze([Object.freeze({id: BUILTIN_ID, name: 'Built-in', text: BUILTIN_INSTRUCTIONS})]),
+    defaults: Object.freeze({gguf: BUILTIN_ID, hf: BUILTIN_ID}),
+});
+/** The value and label of the select's extra option while the text differs from the chosen entry (D204). */
+export const EDITED_VALUE = 'edited';
+export const EDITED_LABEL = 'Edited for this run';
+export const EDITED_NOTE = 'Edits apply to this run only. Manage saved instructions in System › Auto-tagging.';
 const MAX_INSTRUCTION_CHARS = 4000;
 const EDITABLE = new Set(['ready', 'generate-error', 'write-error', 'conflict']);
 // Answers after which only a fresh observation can save (the capture or epoch is gone); Retry observes again (D116).
@@ -182,27 +202,54 @@ function validateReceipt(value) {
     return value;
 }
 
+/** #431: the saved instructions of `/autotag/models` (Built-in first) and each engine's default, else Built-in only. */
+export function readChoices(value) {
+    const entries = Array.isArray(value?.instructions) ? value.instructions.filter(entry => object(entry)
+        && typeof entry.id === 'string' && typeof entry.name === 'string' && typeof entry.text === 'string') : [];
+    if (entries[0]?.id !== BUILTIN_ID) return FALLBACK_CHOICES;
+    const ids = new Set(entries.map(entry => entry.id));
+    const defaults = Object.fromEntries(['gguf', 'hf'].map(engine => {
+        const id = value?.default_instructions?.[engine];
+        return [engine, ids.has(id) ? id : BUILTIN_ID];
+    }));
+    return Object.freeze({entries: Object.freeze(entries.map(entry => Object.freeze({...entry}))), defaults: Object.freeze(defaults)});
+}
+
+/** The language-model engine whose default a model reads (GGUF for a WD14 model, which takes none). */
+const engineOf = model => (model === 'hf' ? 'hf' : 'gguf');
+/** The default entry of `model`'s engine. */
+export const engineDefault = (choices, model) => choices.entries.find(entry => entry.id === choices.defaults[engineOf(model)])
+    ?? choices.entries[0];
+/** The entry to show for `text` (a preset): the one with that text, else the engine's default. */
+const entryFor = (choices, model, text) => choices.entries.find(entry => entry.text === text) ?? engineDefault(choices, model);
+/** What the instruction fields hold for `model` with its engine's default (#431). */
+const instructionsFor = (choices, model) => {
+    const entry = engineDefault(choices, model);
+    return {instructionId: entry.id, text: entry.text};
+};
+
 /**
  * Thresholds, instructions and suggestion count from the server, else the documented defaults, the models'
- * download status (`models`, null when unknown) and the saved tagging model (`model`, null when unknown; #328).
+ * download status (`models`, null when unknown), the saved tagging model (`model`, null when unknown; #328) and the
+ * saved instructions (`choices`, #431).
  */
 async function readDefaults(api, signal) {
     try {
         const value = await api.get(MODELS_URL, {signal, cache: 'no-store'});
-        if (!object(value)) return {defaults: DEFAULTS, models: null, model: null};
+        if (!object(value)) return {defaults: DEFAULTS, models: null, model: null, choices: FALLBACK_CHOICES};
         return {
+            choices: readChoices(value),
             model: typeof value.model_type === 'string' && modelOf(value.model_type) ? value.model_type : null,
             defaults: {
                 general_threshold: unit(value.wd14_general_threshold) ? value.wd14_general_threshold : DEFAULTS.general_threshold,
                 character_threshold: unit(value.wd14_character_threshold) ? value.wd14_character_threshold : DEFAULTS.character_threshold,
-                instructions: typeof value.default_prompt === 'string' ? value.default_prompt : DEFAULTS.instructions,
                 suggestion_limit: limit(value.suggestion_limit) ? value.suggestion_limit : DEFAULTS.suggestion_limit,
             },
             models: object(value.models) ? value.models : null,
         };
     } catch {
         // The defaults keep the dialog usable; Generate reports a real failure itself.
-        return {defaults: DEFAULTS, models: null, model: null};
+        return {defaults: DEFAULTS, models: null, model: null, choices: FALLBACK_CHOICES};
     }
 }
 
@@ -257,11 +304,27 @@ function initialState(source, preset) {
         image: null, savedTags: [], tagRevision: 0, currentTags: null, manual: '',
         model: preset?.model ?? MODEL_OPTIONS[0].id, options: {...DEFAULTS, ...preset?.options}, generated: false, suggestions: [],
         suggestionsText: COPY.modelChanged, statusText: '', generateSupported: false, generateReason: null, toast: null,
+        skippedCount: 0,
+        // #431 (D204): the saved instructions, each engine's default and the entry the select shows.
+        instructionChoices: FALLBACK_CHOICES, instructionId: BUILTIN_ID,
         // Bumped whenever the controller itself rewrites the option fields or the manual draft, never while typing.
         optionsRevision: 0, draftRevision: 0,
     };
 }
 
+/** #431: how many suggestions the saved Skipped tags hid, after the chip hint ('' when none). */
+export function skippedNote(count) {
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(count) || count <= 0) return '';
+    return count === 1 ? ' 1 skipped tag was not suggested.' : ` ${count.toLocaleString('en-US')} skipped tags were not suggested.`;
+}
+
+/** D204: whether a language model's instructions differ from the chosen saved entry's text (a one-off edit). */
+export function instructionsEdited(state) {
+    if (modelOf(state.model)?.classifier !== false) return false;
+    const entry = state.instructionChoices?.entries.find(item => item.id === state.instructionId);
+    return !entry || entry.text !== state.options.instructions;
+}
+
 /** Derived labels and permissions; never stored independently of the fields they follow. */
 function derive(state) {
     const editable = EDITABLE.has(state.phase);
@@ -269,7 +332,8 @@ function derive(state) {
         ...state,
         primaryLabel: state.generated ? 'Approve selected tags' : 'Save manual tags',
         countText: state.generated ? `${state.suggestions.length} ${noun(state.suggestions.length, 'suggestion')}` : 'Not generated',
-        chipHint: state.suggestions.length ? COPY.chipHint : '',
+        chipHint: state.suggestions.length ? COPY.chipHint + skippedNote(state.skippedCount) : '',
+        instructionsEdited: instructionsEdited(state),
         canSave: editable,
         canGenerate: editable && state.generateSupported,
         canRetry: RETRYABLE.has(state.phase),
@@ -387,6 +451,10 @@ export function createImageTaggingController({api, target, source = 'images', on
         if (closed || serial !== openSerial) return;
         // The saved model (System › Auto-tagging) unless a preset or the user already chose one (#328).
         const savedModel = !chosen && !modelPicked && read.model ? {model: read.model} : {};
+        // #431: the instructions start from the model's engine default; a preset's text wins (D204).
+        const model = savedModel.model ?? state.model;
+        const presetText = chosen?.options.instructions;
+        const entry = presetText === undefined ? engineDefault(read.choices, model) : entryFor(read.choices, model, presetText);
         observedOnce = true;
         const {width, height, media_type: mediaType, preview_url: previewUrl, generate} = value.capture;
         // The draft is read now, so text typed while observing is kept (#515). A kept draft stays as typed unless
@@ -403,7 +471,8 @@ export function createImageTaggingController({api, target, source = 'images', on
             savedTags: value.tags.slice(), tagRevision: value.tag_revision,
             manual: draft === null ? value.tags.join(', ') : changed || unseen ? mergeCurrent(value.tags, draft) : draft,
             draftRevision: state.draftRevision + 1,
-            ...savedModel, options: {...defaults, ...chosen?.options}, optionsRevision: state.optionsRevision + 1,
+            ...savedModel, options: {...defaults, instructions: entry.text, ...chosen?.options}, optionsRevision: state.optionsRevision + 1,
+            instructionChoices: read.choices, instructionId: entry.id,
             generateSupported: generate.supported, generateReason: generate.reason,
             statusText: changed ? `${COPY.changedElsewhere} ${savedNow(value.tags)}${reason ? ` ${reason}` : ''}` : reason,
         });
@@ -421,15 +490,26 @@ export function createImageTaggingController({api, target, source = 'images', on
         if (id === state.model) return;
         stopGenerating();
         const phase = state.phase === 'generating' || state.phase === 'generate-error' ? 'ready' : state.phase;
+        const {instructionId, text} = instructionsFor(state.instructionChoices, id);
         set({
             phase, model: id, generated: false, suggestions: [], suggestionsText: COPY.modelChanged, statusText: reasonText(),
             optionsRevision: state.optionsRevision + 1,
-            // Like the mock, a model change re-renders its fields with the defaults; the count is kept (D91).
+            // Like the mock, a model change re-renders its fields with the defaults; the count is kept (D91). The
+            // instructions start from the new engine's default, dropping a one-off edit (D204).
             options: {...state.options, general_threshold: defaults.general_threshold,
-                character_threshold: defaults.character_threshold, instructions: defaults.instructions},
+                character_threshold: defaults.character_threshold, instructions: text},
+            instructionId,
         });
     }
 
+    /** D204: choose a saved entry; its text replaces the instructions (and a one-off edit). */
+    function pickInstructions(id) {
+        if (closed) return;
+        const entry = state.instructionChoices.entries.find(item => item.id === id);
+        if (!entry) return;
+        set({instructionId: id, options: {...state.options, instructions: entry.text}, optionsRevision: state.optionsRevision + 1});
+    }
+
     function setOption(key, value) {
         requireValue(OPTION_KEYS.has(key), 'Unknown tagging option');
         set({options: {...state.options, [key]: value}});
@@ -445,13 +525,14 @@ export function createImageTaggingController({api, target, source = 'images', on
         const options = requestOptions(model, state.options);
         const stale = () => closed || serial !== generateSerial;
         set({phase: 'generating', statusText: COPY.generating});
-        let rows;
+        let rows, skippedCount;
         try {
             const value = await api.post(SUGGEST_URL, {
                 target: {...imageTarget}, capture_token: capture.token, expected_epoch: epoch, model_type: model, options,
             }, {signal: controller.signal});
             if (stale()) return false;
             rows = validateSuggestions(value, options.suggestion_limit);
+            skippedCount = Number.isSafeInteger(value.skipped) && value.skipped > 0 ? value.skipped : 0;
         } catch (error) {
             if (stale()) return false;
             const phase = isApiError(error) && REOPEN[error.code];
@@ -460,7 +541,7 @@ export function createImageTaggingController({api, target, source = 'images', on
         }
         generateAbort = null;
         set({
-            phase: 'ready', generated: true, suggestions: rows, suggestionsText: rows.length ? '' : COPY.empty,
+            phase: 'ready', generated: true, suggestions: rows, suggestionsText: rows.length ? '' : COPY.empty, skippedCount,
             statusText: `Suggestions from ${modelOf(model).label}. Approve tags to save.`,
         });
         return true;
@@ -585,7 +666,7 @@ export function createImageTaggingController({api, target, source = 'images', on
     return {
         get state() {return state;},
         get target() {return imageTarget;},
-        subscribe, open, setManual, setModel, setOption, generate, remove, save, retry, retarget, cancel, dispose,
+        subscribe, open, setManual, setModel, setOption, pickInstructions, generate, remove, save, retry, retarget, cancel, dispose,
     };
 }
 
@@ -604,8 +685,9 @@ export function createTaggingOptionsController({api} = {}) {
     let abort = null;
     let modelPicked = false;
     const deriveOptions = value => ({...value, canGenerate: false, unavailable: modelUnavailable(models, value.model),
-        canStart: value.phase === 'ready' && !modelUnavailable(models, value.model)});
-    let state = freeze(deriveOptions({phase: 'loading', model: MODEL_OPTIONS[0].id, options: {...DEFAULTS}, optionsRevision: 0}));
+        canStart: value.phase === 'ready' && !modelUnavailable(models, value.model), instructionsEdited: instructionsEdited(value)});
+    let state = freeze(deriveOptions({phase: 'loading', model: MODEL_OPTIONS[0].id, options: {...DEFAULTS}, optionsRevision: 0,
+        instructionChoices: FALLBACK_CHOICES, instructionId: BUILTIN_ID}));
 
     function set(patch) {
         if (closed) return;
@@ -620,17 +702,28 @@ export function createTaggingOptionsController({api} = {}) {
         ({defaults, models} = read);
         // The saved model (System › Auto-tagging) unless the user already chose one (#328).
         const savedModel = !modelPicked && read.model ? {model: read.model} : {};
-        set({phase: 'ready', ...savedModel, options: {...defaults}, optionsRevision: state.optionsRevision + 1});
+        const {instructionId, text} = instructionsFor(read.choices, savedModel.model ?? state.model);
+        set({phase: 'ready', ...savedModel, options: {...defaults, instructions: text}, optionsRevision: state.optionsRevision + 1,
+            instructionChoices: read.choices, instructionId});
     }
     function setModel(id) {
         requireValue(modelOf(id), 'Unknown tagging model');
         if (closed) return;
         modelPicked = true;
         if (id === state.model) return;
-        // As in the Tag image dialog: the model's fields start from the defaults again; the count is kept (D91).
-        set({model: id, optionsRevision: state.optionsRevision + 1,
+        // As in the Tag image dialog: the model's fields start from the defaults again; the count is kept (D91), and
+        // the instructions from the new engine's default (D204).
+        const {instructionId, text} = instructionsFor(state.instructionChoices, id);
+        set({model: id, optionsRevision: state.optionsRevision + 1, instructionId,
             options: {...state.options, general_threshold: defaults.general_threshold,
-                character_threshold: defaults.character_threshold, instructions: defaults.instructions}});
+                character_threshold: defaults.character_threshold, instructions: text}});
+    }
+    /** D204: choose a saved entry; its text replaces the instructions. */
+    function pickInstructions(id) {
+        if (closed) return;
+        const entry = state.instructionChoices.entries.find(item => item.id === id);
+        if (!entry) return;
+        set({instructionId: id, options: {...state.options, instructions: entry.text}, optionsRevision: state.optionsRevision + 1});
     }
     function setOption(key, value) {
         requireValue(OPTION_KEYS.has(key), 'Unknown tagging option');
@@ -653,6 +746,6 @@ export function createTaggingOptionsController({api} = {}) {
     }
     return {
         get state() {return state;},
-        subscribe, open, setModel, setOption, request, dispose,
+        subscribe, open, setModel, setOption, pickInstructions, request, dispose,
     };
 }

web/js/workspace/image-tagging.mjs

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
  * flight at close keeps its capture until it settles, and its outcome is still toasted and announced.
  */
 import { createButton, createScope } from '../shared/toolkit/core.js';
-import { createImageTaggingController, MODEL_OPTIONS, optionError } from './image-tagging-state.mjs';
+import { createImageTaggingController, EDITED_LABEL, EDITED_NOTE, EDITED_VALUE, MODEL_OPTIONS, engineDefault, optionError }
+    from './image-tagging-state.mjs';
 import { closeWorkspaceDialog, field, openContentDialog } from './workspace-dialogs.mjs';
 import { createWorkspaceIcon } from './icons.mjs';
 import { showWorkspaceToast } from './toast.mjs';
@@ -107,9 +108,13 @@ function numberInput(value, {min, max, step}) {
  * It follows `controller` until `scope` is disposed (reused by the bulk Auto-tag dialog, D85, without Generate:
  * `generate: false`). Returns the `element`, `validate()` (the fields' native validity, then what the controller would
  * refuse; true when valid, else the first invalid field reports) and `requestGenerate()`, Generate's own path (field
- * validity first), for a Retry after a failed Generate.
+ * validity first), for a Retry after a failed Generate. D204 (#431): for a language model, a "Saved instructions" select
+ * (`pickId`) sits above "Tagging instructions": it starts at the engine's default ("<name> · default"), a pick replaces
+ * the text, and while the text differs from the picked entry it shows "Edited for this run" (not choosable) with a
+ * muted note under the textarea.
  */
-export function renderModelPanel({scope, controller, heading = 'Auto-tag this image', generate: withGenerate = true}) {
+export function renderModelPanel({scope, controller, heading = 'Auto-tag this image', generate: withGenerate = true,
+    pickId = 'image-tag-instructions-pick'}) {
     const panel = el('div', undefined, 'tag-model-panel');
     const select = el('select');
     for (const option of MODEL_OPTIONS) {
@@ -125,9 +130,35 @@ export function renderModelPanel({scope, controller, heading = 'Auto-tag this im
     if (withGenerate) panel.append(generate);
     const inputs = new Map();
     let shownModel = null, shownOptions = null;
+    // D204: the Saved instructions select and the one-off note, while a language model is chosen.
+    let pick = null, editedNote = null, shownEdited = null;
+
+    /** The select's options: every entry (the engine default marked), plus "Edited for this run" while edited. */
+    function fillPick(state) {
+        shownEdited = state.instructionsEdited;
+        const fallback = engineDefault(state.instructionChoices, state.model).id;
+        pick.replaceChildren(...state.instructionChoices.entries.map(entry => {
+            const option = el('option', entry.id === fallback ? `${entry.name} · default` : entry.name);
+            option.value = entry.id;
+            return option;
+        }));
+        if (state.instructionsEdited) {
+            const option = el('option', EDITED_LABEL);
+            option.value = EDITED_VALUE;
+            option.disabled = true;
+            pick.append(option);
+        }
+        pick.value = state.instructionsEdited ? EDITED_VALUE : state.instructionId;
+        editedNote.hidden = !state.instructionsEdited;
+        // The note describes the textarea while it shows.
+        const area = inputs.get('instructions');
+        if (state.instructionsEdited) area?.setAttribute('aria-describedby', editedNote.id);
+        else area?.removeAttribute('aria-describedby');
+    }
 
     function renderOptions(state) {
         inputs.clear();
+        pick = editedNote = null;
         const classifier = MODEL_OPTIONS.find(option => option.id === state.model).classifier;
         const rows = [];
         if (classifier) {
@@ -139,10 +170,17 @@ export function renderModelPanel({scope, controller, heading = 'Auto-tag this im
             }
             rows.push(pair);
         } else {
+            pick = el('select');
+            pick.addEventListener('change', () => { if (pick.value !== EDITED_VALUE) controller.pickInstructions(pick.value); });
+            rows.push(field('Saved instructions', pick, pickId));
             const area = el('textarea');
             area.value = state.options.instructions;
             inputs.set('instructions', area);
             rows.push(field('Tagging instructions', area, OPTION_IDS.instructions));
+            editedNote = el('p', EDITED_NOTE, 'small instructions-edited');
+            editedNote.id = `${pickId}-note`;
+            rows.push(editedNote);
+            fillPick(state);
         }
         // D91: the number of suggestions, for every model.
         const count = numberInput(state.options.suggestion_limit, {min: '1', max: '100', step: '1'});
@@ -162,7 +200,13 @@ export function renderModelPanel({scope, controller, heading = 'Auto-tag this im
             shownModel = state.model;
             shownOptions = state.optionsRevision;
             select.value = state.model;
+            // A pick re-renders the fields; keyboard focus stays on the select it was made with.
+            const picking = pick !== null && document.activeElement === pick;
             renderOptions(state);
+            if (picking) pick?.focus();
+        } else if (pick && state.instructionsEdited !== shownEdited) {
+            // Typing never re-renders the fields (I1): only the select and the note follow an edit.
+            fillPick(state);
         }
         setDisabled(generate, !state.canGenerate);
     }

web/js/workspace/images-tagging-bulk.mjs

@@ -167,7 +167,8 @@ export function openAutoTag({api, scope, store, images, trigger, onTagged = () =
     const options = createTaggingOptionsController({api});
     // D85: the Tag image dialog's model panel without Generate; its Suggestions field is the job's count (D91).
     const {element: panel, validate} = renderModelPanel({scope: local, controller: options,
-        heading: `Auto-tag ${countOf(filter ? count : listed.length, 'image')}`, generate: false}); // D118
+        heading: `Auto-tag ${countOf(filter ? count : listed.length, 'image')}`, generate: false, // D118
+        pickId: 'bulk-tag-instructions-pick'}); // D204
     let choice = APPLY_CHOICES[0];
     const actions = el('div', undefined, 'dialog-actions');
     const cancel = createButton('Cancel');

web/js/workspace/maintenance-review.mjs

@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ export const OPERATION_TITLES = Object.freeze({
     duplicate_prompts: 'Duplicate prompt text',
     optimize: 'Optimize database',
     unused_components: 'Unused prompt components',
+    // D192 (#550): beyond the concept, System › Maintenance › Database.
+    pair_metadata: 'Pair category and tags',
     missing_links: 'Missing-file links',
     duplicate_files: 'Duplicate image files',
     // Reviewed and applied through the API and seen in Activity; Maintenance has no row for it (the concept has none).

web/js/workspace/prompt-sender.mjs

@@ -11,6 +11,13 @@ const linkedTo = (target,roles) => Object.keys(roles).filter(role=>Array.isArray
 const nodeLabel = target => `#${target.id} ${target.label}`;
 // A lost reply leaves the outcome unknown; anything else the host said is a refusal, and nothing was written.
 const LOST_REPLY = /timed out|aborted|disposed/i;
+const outcomeUnknown = (posted,error) => posted && (LOST_REPLY.test(error.message) || /unexpected acknowledgement/.test(error.message));
+const UNKNOWN_ADVICE = 'Check ComfyUI, then preview again.';
+/** The Destination node value that sends to every eligible node of the window (#542, D191). Node ids never take it. */
+export const ALL_NODES = '*';
+// "All" sends in node id order: 2 before 10, and a subgraph id "3:1" after "3".
+const byNodeId = (a,b) => a.id.localeCompare(b.id,'en',{numeric:true});
+const allMessage = (count,where) => `Sending to all ${count} eligible nodes in ${where}.`;
 
 /** Why nothing in the discovered windows can receive these roles, most specific first (D173). */
 function unavailableMessage(found,roles) {
@@ -40,23 +47,90 @@ function distinctLabels(items,suffix) {
 
 export function createSendSession({client, roles:rawRoles, onChange}) {
     const roles = Object.freeze(validateRoles(rawRoles));
-    let state = {phase:'idle',hosts:[],hostId:'',targetId:'',preview:null,outcomeUnknown:false,message:''};
+    // `previews` holds the reviewed nodes of "All", in send order; `preview` the one node otherwise.
+    let state = {phase:'idle',hosts:[],hostId:'',targetId:'',preview:null,previews:[],outcomeUnknown:false,message:''};
     let operation, generation = 0, disposed = false;
     const emit = patch => { if (!disposed) { state = Object.freeze({...state,...patch}); onChange(state); } };
     function invalidate() { generation++; operation?.abort(); operation = null; }
-    function begin(phase) { invalidate(); operation = new AbortController(); emit({phase,preview:null,outcomeUnknown:false,message:''}); return {signal:operation.signal,version:generation}; }
+    function begin(phase) { invalidate(); operation = new AbortController(); emit({phase,preview:null,previews:[],outcomeUnknown:false,message:''}); return {signal:operation.signal,version:generation}; }
     const current = request => !disposed && generation === request.version;
-    const selected = () => state.hosts.find(host=>host.hostId===state.hostId)?.targets.find(target=>target.id===state.targetId);
-    async function fetchPreview(request) {
-        const preview=await client.preview(state.hostId,state.targetId,roles,{signal:request.signal});
+    const chosenHost = () => state.hosts.find(host=>host.hostId===state.hostId);
+    /** The nodes the current choice sends to: one, every eligible node of the window for "All", or none. */
+    function chosen() {
+        const host=chosenHost();
+        if (!host) return [];
+        if (state.targetId===ALL_NODES) return host.targets.length>1 ? host.targets.toSorted(byNodeId) : [];
+        const target=host.targets.find(item=>item.id===state.targetId);
+        return target ? [target] : [];
+    }
+    // checkRevision is off only for a later node of "All", whose revision our own earlier write may have moved.
+    async function fetchPreview(request,hostId,target,checkRevision=true) {
+        const preview=await client.preview(hostId,target.id,roles,{signal:request.signal});
         if (!current(request)) return null;
         const fields=preview?.fields;
-        if(typeof preview?.ticket!=='string' || !preview.ticket || preview.target?.id!==state.targetId || !Array.isArray(fields) || fields.length!==Object.keys(roles).length || new Set(fields.map(field=>field?.role)).size!==fields.length || Array.from(fields).some(field=>!field || !Object.hasOwn(roles,field.role) || typeof field.before!=='string' || field.after!==roles[field.role])) throw Error('ComfyUI returned an unexpected preview. Find the destination and preview again.');
+        if(typeof preview?.ticket!=='string' || !preview.ticket || preview.target?.id!==target.id || !Array.isArray(fields) || fields.length!==Object.keys(roles).length || new Set(fields.map(field=>field?.role)).size!==fields.length || Array.from(fields).some(field=>!field || !Object.hasOwn(roles,field.role) || typeof field.before!=='string' || field.after!==roles[field.role])) throw Error('ComfyUI returned an unexpected preview. Find the destination and preview again.');
         // Undefined on a tab still running older code, which has nothing to compare.
-        const found=selected()?.revision;
-        if(found!==undefined && preview.revision!==found) throw Error('The workflow changed since this window was found. Nothing was sent. Find windows again.');
+        const found=target.revision;
+        if(checkRevision && found!==undefined && preview.revision!==found) throw Error('The workflow changed since this window was found. Nothing was sent. Find windows again.');
         return preview;
     }
+    function checkAcknowledgement(acknowledgement,targetId) {
+        if(acknowledgement?.targetId!==targetId || !acknowledgement.values || Object.keys(acknowledgement.values).length!==Object.keys(roles).length || Object.keys(roles).some(role=>!Object.hasOwn(acknowledgement.values,role) || acknowledgement.values[role]!==roles[role])) throw Error('ComfyUI returned an unexpected acknowledgement.');
+    }
+    const reviewedText = change => JSON.stringify([change.fields.map(field=>[field.role,field.before]).sort(),change.composition ?? null]);
+    const sameChanges = (reviewed,fresh) => reviewedText(reviewed)===reviewedText(fresh);
+    /** Q542-2 C: every node of "All" previews before anything is written; the first refusal names its node. */
+    async function previewEach(request,hostId,targets) {
+        const reviewed=[];
+        for (const target of targets) {
+            try {
+                const preview=await fetchPreview(request,hostId,target);
+                if (!preview) return null;
+                reviewed.push({target,label:target.label,preview});
+            } catch(error) {
+                if (!current(request)) return null;
+                throw Error(`${target.label}: ${error.message}${/Nothing was sent/.test(error.message) ? '' : ' Nothing was sent.'}`);
+            }
+        }
+        return reviewed;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sends the reviewed nodes one after another, best effort past refusals. Only the first node of a pass taken in this
+     * click keeps its ticket: a held review may have expired at the host (30 s), and our own writes may make later
+     * tickets stale, so every other node takes a fresh ticket that must show exactly the reviewed text.
+     */
+    async function applyEach(request,hostId,reviewed,where,held) {
+        const sent=[],refused=[];let written=false;
+        for (const [index,{target,preview}] of reviewed.entries()) {
+            let posted=false;
+            try {
+                let ticket=preview.ticket;
+                if (index>0 || held) {
+                    // Until something was posted the revision is still the discovered one; after that our own write may move it.
+                    const fresh=await fetchPreview(request,hostId,target,!written);
+                    if (!fresh) return;
+                    if (!sameChanges(preview,fresh)) throw Error('Its prompt changed since the preview. Preview again.');
+                    ticket=fresh.ticket;
+                }
+                posted=written=true;
+                const acknowledgement=await client.apply(hostId,ticket,{signal:request.signal});
+                if (!current(request)) return;
+                checkAcknowledgement(acknowledgement,target.id);
+                sent.push(target);
+            } catch(error) {
+                if (!current(request)) return;
+                const summary=[`Sent to ${sent.length} of ${reviewed.length} nodes in ${where}.`,...refused];
+                if (outcomeUnknown(posted,error)) {
+                    const unsent=reviewed.slice(index+1).map(item=>item.label);
+                    emit({phase:'error',outcomeUnknown:true,message:[...summary,`No confirmation received from ${target.label}; the update may have applied.`,...(unsent.length ? [`Not sent: ${unsent.join(', ')}.`] : []),UNKNOWN_ADVICE,error.message].join(' ')});
+                    return;
+                }
+                refused.push(`${target.label}: ${error.message}`);
+            }
+        }
+        const message=[`Sent to ${sent.length} of ${reviewed.length} nodes in ${where}.`,...refused].join(' ');
+        emit(refused.length ? {phase:'error',message} : {phase:'success',message});
+    }
     function hostChoice(host) {
         if (host.targets.length>1) return {hostId:host.hostId,targetId:'',message:`Choose a destination node in ${host.label}.`};
         const [target] = host.targets;
@@ -79,38 +153,61 @@ export function createSendSession({client, roles:rawRoles, onChange}) {
                 else { const choice=hostChoice(hosts[0]); emit({phase:'select',hosts,...choice,message:choice.message+note}); }
             } catch (error) { if (current(request)) emit({phase:'error',message:error.message}); }
         },
-        selectHost(hostId) { if (disposed) return; invalidate(); const host=state.hosts.find(host=>host.hostId===hostId); emit({phase:'select',preview:null,outcomeUnknown:false,...(host ? hostChoice(host) : {hostId:'',targetId:'',message:'Choose a ComfyUI window.'})}); },
-        selectTarget(targetId) { if (disposed) return; invalidate(); const host=state.hosts.find(host=>host.hostId===state.hostId); const chosen=host?.targets.some(target=>target.id===targetId); emit({phase:'select',outcomeUnknown:false,targetId:chosen?targetId:'',preview:null,message:chosen?'Apply to send it, or preview the changes first.':'Choose a destination node, then preview changes.'}); },
+        selectHost(hostId) { if (disposed) return; invalidate(); const host=state.hosts.find(host=>host.hostId===hostId); emit({phase:'select',preview:null,previews:[],outcomeUnknown:false,...(host ? hostChoice(host) : {hostId:'',targetId:'',message:'Choose a ComfyUI window.'})}); },
+        selectTarget(targetId) {
+            if (disposed) return; invalidate(); const host=chosenHost();
+            // D173: "All" is a choice only where there are two or more nodes, and it is never made for you.
+            const all=targetId===ALL_NODES && host?.targets.length>1;
+            const chosenOne=all || Boolean(host?.targets.some(target=>target.id===targetId));
+            const message=all ? `${allMessage(host.targets.length,host.label)} Apply to send it, or preview the changes first.` : chosenOne ? 'Apply to send it, or preview the changes first.' : 'Choose a destination node, then preview changes.';
+            emit({phase:'select',outcomeUnknown:false,targetId:chosenOne?targetId:'',preview:null,previews:[],message});
+        },
         async preview() {
-            if (disposed || !selected() || ['previewing','applying'].includes(state.phase)) return;
+            const targets=chosen();
+            if (disposed || !targets.length || ['previewing','applying'].includes(state.phase)) return;
+            const all=state.targetId===ALL_NODES; const hostId=state.hostId; const windowLabel=chosenHost()?.label;
             const request=begin('previewing');
             try {
-                const preview=await fetchPreview(request);
+                if (all) {
+                    const previews=await previewEach(request,hostId,targets);
+                    if (previews) emit({phase:'ready',previews,message:`${allMessage(targets.length,windowLabel)} Review the complete changes, then apply.`});
+                    return;
+                }
+                const preview=await fetchPreview(request,hostId,targets[0]);
                 if (!preview) return;
-                const windowLabel=state.hosts.find(host=>host.hostId===state.hostId)?.label;
                 emit({phase:'ready',preview,message:`Sending to ${nodeLabel({id:preview.target.id,label:preview.target.label ?? ''})} in ${windowLabel}. Review the complete changes, then apply.`});
-            } catch(error) { if(current(request)) emit({phase:'error',preview:null,message:error.message}); }
+            } catch(error) { if(current(request)) emit({phase:'error',preview:null,previews:[],message:error.message}); }
         },
         async apply() {
             // Success stays closed: the second click of a double click must not send again.
-            if(disposed || !selected() || !['select','ready','error'].includes(state.phase) || state.outcomeUnknown) return;
-            const held=state.phase==='ready' ? state.preview : null;
-            const targetId=state.targetId; const hostId=state.hostId;
+            const targets=chosen();
+            if(disposed || !targets.length || !['select','ready','error'].includes(state.phase) || state.outcomeUnknown) return;
+            const all=state.targetId===ALL_NODES;
+            const held=state.phase==='ready' ? (all ? state.previews : state.preview) : null;
+            const hostId=state.hostId; const windowLabel=chosenHost()?.label;
             const request=begin('applying');
             emit({message:'Waiting for ComfyUI confirmation. Closing this dialog does not undo a sent update.'});
+            if (all) {
+                let reviewed;
+                try { reviewed=held?.length ? held : await previewEach(request,hostId,targets); }
+                catch(error) { if(current(request)) emit({phase:'error',message:error.message}); return; }
+                if (reviewed) await applyEach(request,hostId,reviewed,windowLabel,Boolean(held?.length));
+                return;
+            }
+            const [target]=targets;
             let posted=false;
             try {
-                const preview=held ?? await fetchPreview(request);
+                const preview=held ?? await fetchPreview(request,hostId,target);
                 if(!preview || !current(request)) return;
                 posted=true;
                 const acknowledgement=await client.apply(hostId,preview.ticket,{signal:request.signal});
                 if(!current(request)) return;
-                if(acknowledgement?.targetId!==targetId || !acknowledgement.values || Object.keys(acknowledgement.values).length!==Object.keys(roles).length || Object.keys(roles).some(role=>!Object.hasOwn(acknowledgement.values,role) || acknowledgement.values[role]!==roles[role])) throw Error('ComfyUI returned an unexpected acknowledgement.');
+                checkAcknowledgement(acknowledgement,target.id);
                 emit({phase:'success',message:'Sent to ComfyUI.'});
             } catch(error) {
                 if(!current(request)) return;
-                const unknown=posted && (LOST_REPLY.test(error.message) || /unexpected acknowledgement/.test(error.message));
-                emit({phase:'error',preview:null,outcomeUnknown:unknown,message:unknown ? `No confirmation received. The update may have applied. Check ComfyUI, then preview again. ${error.message}` : error.message});
+                const unknown=outcomeUnknown(posted,error);
+                emit({phase:'error',preview:null,outcomeUnknown:unknown,message:unknown ? `No confirmation received. The update may have applied. ${UNKNOWN_ADVICE} ${error.message}` : error.message});
             }
         },
         dispose() { if(disposed) return; disposed=true; invalidate(); client.dispose(); },
@@ -159,7 +256,7 @@ export function createPromptSender({scope,baseUrl=window.ApiClient.resolveUrl('/
         inspect.disabled=true;apply.disabled=true;
         const actions=element('footer',undefined,'prompt-sender-actions');actions.append(find,inspect,apply);
         dialog.append(header,description,controls,status,preview,actions);document.body.append(dialog);
-        let session,closed=false;
+        let session,closed=false,headingIds=0;
         function dispose() {
             if(closed) return;closed=true;local.dispose();session?.dispose();
             if(dialog.open) dialog.close();dialog.remove();
@@ -176,8 +273,8 @@ export function createPromptSender({scope,baseUrl=window.ApiClient.resolveUrl('/
         function options(select,placeholder,entries,value) {
             select.replaceChildren(...[["",placeholder],...entries].map(([value,label])=>{const option=element('option',label);option.value=value;return option;}));select.value=value;
         }
-        function textBlock(parent,label,value) {
-            parent.append(element('h4',label));const text=element('pre');text.tabIndex=0;text.append(element('code',value === '' ? '(empty)' : value));parent.append(text);
+        function textBlock(parent,label,value,level=4) {
+            parent.append(element(`h${Math.min(level,6)}`,label));const text=element('pre');text.tabIndex=0;text.append(element('code',value === '' ? '(empty)' : value));parent.append(text);
         }
         function render(state) {
             if(closed) return;
@@ -187,28 +284,43 @@ export function createPromptSender({scope,baseUrl=window.ApiClient.resolveUrl('/
             dialog.setAttribute('aria-busy',String(busy));
             options(host,'Choose a ComfyUI window',state.hosts.map(item=>[item.hostId,item.label]),state.hostId);
             const selected=state.hosts.find(item=>item.hostId===state.hostId);
-            options(target,'Choose a destination node',(selected?.targets || []).map(item=>[item.id,item.label]),state.targetId);
+            const nodes=(selected?.targets || []).map(item=>[item.id,item.label]);
+            // Q542-4 A: the last option sends to every eligible node of this window.
+            if(nodes.length>1) nodes.push([ALL_NODES,`All ${nodes.length} eligible nodes`]);
+            options(target,'Choose a destination node',nodes,state.targetId);
             host.disabled=busy;target.disabled=busy || !selected;
             find.disabled=busy;inspect.disabled=busy || !state.targetId;apply.disabled=busy || !state.targetId || state.phase==='success' || state.outcomeUnknown;
             preview.replaceChildren();
             if(state.preview) {
                 preview.append(element('h3','Review changes'));
-                for(const field of state.preview.fields || []) {
-                    const section=element('section',undefined,`prompt-sender-field prompt-role-${field.role}`);
-                    section.append(element('h3',field.role==='positive'?'Positive prompt':'Negative prompt'));
-                    textBlock(section,'Before',field.before);textBlock(section,'After',field.after);preview.append(section);
-                }
-                const composition=state.preview.composition;
-                if(composition) {
-                    const section=element('section',undefined,'prompt-sender-composition');section.append(element('h3','Positive composition'));
-                    textBlock(section,'Prepend (preserved)',composition.prepend || '');textBlock(section,'Append (preserved)',composition.append || '');
-                    textBlock(section,'Combined before',composition.before ?? 'Resolved at execution from connected inputs.');
-                    textBlock(section,'Combined after',composition.after ?? 'Resolved at execution from connected inputs.');
-                    if(composition.prependConnected || composition.appendConnected) section.append(element('p','Connected prepend and append inputs are preserved and resolved when the workflow runs.'));
-                    preview.append(section);
+                changes(preview,state.preview,3);
+            }
+            if(state.previews?.length) {
+                preview.append(element('h3','Review changes'));
+                // One section per node of "All", in the order they will be sent, named by its heading.
+                for(const item of state.previews) {
+                    const node=element('section',undefined,'prompt-sender-node');const heading=element('h4',item.label);
+                    heading.id=`prompt-sender-node-${++headingIds}`;node.setAttribute('aria-labelledby',heading.id);
+                    node.append(heading);changes(node,item.preview,5);preview.append(node);
                 }
             }
         }
+        function changes(parent,change,level) {
+            for(const field of change.fields || []) {
+                const section=element('section',undefined,`prompt-sender-field prompt-role-${field.role}`);
+                section.append(element(`h${level}`,field.role==='positive'?'Positive prompt':'Negative prompt'));
+                textBlock(section,'Before',field.before,level+1);textBlock(section,'After',field.after,level+1);parent.append(section);
+            }
+            const composition=change.composition;
+            if(composition) {
+                const section=element('section',undefined,'prompt-sender-composition');section.append(element(`h${level}`,'Positive composition'));
+                textBlock(section,'Prepend (preserved)',composition.prepend || '',level+1);textBlock(section,'Append (preserved)',composition.append || '',level+1);
+                textBlock(section,'Combined before',composition.before ?? 'Resolved at execution from connected inputs.',level+1);
+                textBlock(section,'Combined after',composition.after ?? 'Resolved at execution from connected inputs.',level+1);
+                if(composition.prependConnected || composition.appendConnected) section.append(element('p','Connected prepend and append inputs are preserved and resolved when the workflow runs.'));
+                parent.append(section);
+            }
+        }
         dialog.showModal();
         try {
             const url=new URL(baseUrl,window.location.href);

web/js/workspace/system-backups.mjs

@@ -179,13 +179,27 @@ export function reviewRefusal(error) {
     return REVIEW_FAILED;
 }
 
+/**
+ * #583: the review uploads not answered yet. WebKit can read a FormData's file part after the fetch call returned (it
+ * did whenever a request interceptor, here Playwright's, was armed); a garbage collection in between dropped a form
+ * nothing referenced any more, and the server got an empty file. Each form is held here until its upload is answered.
+ * Exported for the unit tests only.
+ */
+export const uploadsInFlight = new Set();
+
 /** Stage `file` for review; the server's answer, or an ApiError naming its refusal. */
 export async function uploadRestore(file, { fetchUrl = window.ApiClient.fetchUrl, ApiError = window.ApiClient.ApiError,
     signal } = {}) {
     const form = new FormData();
     form.append('database_file', file, file.name);
-    const response = await fetchUrl(PREVIEW_URL, { method: 'POST', body: form, cache: 'no-store', credentials: 'same-origin',
-        signal });
+    uploadsInFlight.add(form);
+    let response;
+    try {
+        response = await fetchUrl(PREVIEW_URL, { method: 'POST', body: form, cache: 'no-store', credentials: 'same-origin',
+            signal });
+    } finally {
+        uploadsInFlight.delete(form);
+    }
     let data = null;
     try {
         data = await response.json();

web/js/workspace/system-instructions.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+/**
+ * System › Auto-tagging "Saved instructions" (#431, D203): named language-model instructions and the default of each
+ * language-model engine. It replaces the concept's "LLM tag template" textarea.
+ *
+ * A `.setting-block` (`data-setting="tag-instructions"`, `data-key="autotag_instructions"`): the label, the
+ * description with the count ("N of 20 saved · Built\u2011in is not counted."), a `role="listbox"` list (Built-in first,
+ * "Read-only", then the saved entries, each with its "Default for GGUF" / "Default for HuggingFace" chips), "+ New",
+ * "Duplicate" and "Delete", and the editor beside the list (under it below 700 px): "Name" (60 characters, live count)
+ * and "Text" ("N of 4,000 characters"), both read-only for Built-in with its note. Then two `.setting-row` selects,
+ * "Default for GGUF JoyCaption" and "Default for HuggingFace JoyCaption" (`data-key="autotag_default_instructions"`),
+ * and the note a deleted default leaves ("GGUF now uses Built-in."). Host drafts: `autotag_instructions` (the saved
+ * entries, never Built-in) and `autotag_default_instructions`; the server pairs them on save. Built-in's text is the
+ * read-only `autotag_builtin_instructions` of GET /settings. Ids are 12 lowercase hex characters made here.
+ */
+import { createButton } from '../shared/toolkit/core.js';
+import { settingRow } from './system-controls.mjs';
+
+export const INSTRUCTIONS_KEY = 'autotag_instructions';
+export const DEFAULTS_KEY = 'autotag_default_instructions';
+export const BUILTIN_TEXT_KEY = 'autotag_builtin_instructions';
+export const BUILTIN_ID = 'builtin';
+export const BUILTIN_NAME = 'Built-in';
+export const MAX_SAVED = 20;
+export const MAX_NAME_CHARS = 60;
+export const MAX_TEXT_CHARS = 4000;
+export const ENGINES = Object.freeze([['gguf', 'GGUF', 'GGUF JoyCaption'], ['hf', 'HuggingFace', 'HuggingFace JoyCaption']]);
+
+export const INSTRUCTIONS_COPY = Object.freeze({
+    label: 'Saved instructions',
+    description: 'Instructions for the language-model engines. Built-in can’t be changed; duplicate it to make your own.',
+    count: saved => `${saved} of ${MAX_SAVED} saved · Built\u2011in is not counted.`,
+    readOnly: 'Read-only',
+    defaultFor: short => `Default for ${short}`,
+    newLabel: '+ New',
+    duplicate: 'Duplicate',
+    delete: 'Delete',
+    cap: `At most ${MAX_SAVED} saved instructions.`,
+    name: 'Name',
+    text: 'Text',
+    nameCount: length => `${length} of ${MAX_NAME_CHARS}`,
+    textCount: length => `${length.toLocaleString('en-US')} of ${MAX_TEXT_CHARS.toLocaleString('en-US')} characters`,
+    builtinNote: 'Built-in instructions can’t be changed. Duplicate them to make your own.',
+    newName: 'New instructions',
+    copyName: name => `${name} copy`,
+    defaultRow: long => `Default for ${long}`,
+    defaultDescription: 'The Tag image dialog and batches start from this.',
+    reset: shorts => `${shorts.join(' and ')} now ${shorts.length > 1 ? 'use' : 'uses'} Built-in.`,
+});
+
+/** Characters as Python's `len` counts them (code points). */
+const characters = text => [...String(text ?? '')].length;
+const fold = text => String(text ?? '').trim().toLowerCase();
+
+/** The saved entries of the drafts (`[]` when unread or damaged). */
+export const savedEntries = values => (Array.isArray(values?.[INSTRUCTIONS_KEY]) ? values[INSTRUCTIONS_KEY] : []);
+
+/** Built-in (its text from GET /settings) and then the saved entries. */
+export function allEntries(values) {
+    const text = typeof values?.[BUILTIN_TEXT_KEY] === 'string' ? values[BUILTIN_TEXT_KEY] : '';
+    return [{ id: BUILTIN_ID, name: BUILTIN_NAME, text }, ...savedEntries(values)];
+}
+
+/** The drafted default entry of `engine` (`gguf` or `hf`); Built-in when the id names nothing. */
+export function defaultEntry(values, engine) {
+    const entries = allEntries(values);
+    const id = values?.[DEFAULTS_KEY]?.[engine];
+    return entries.find(entry => entry.id === id) ?? entries[0];
+}
+
+/** `base`, else `base (2)`, `base (3)`… whichever no entry uses (case-insensitive). */
+export function freeName(base, entries) {
+    const taken = new Set(entries.map(entry => fold(entry.name)));
+    if (!taken.has(fold(base))) return base;
+    for (let n = 2; ; n += 1) if (!taken.has(fold(`${base} (${n})`))) return `${base} (${n})`;
+}
+
+/** "<name> copy" (then "(2)"…), the name cut so the whole stays within the 60-character limit. */
+export function copyName(name, entries) {
+    for (let room = MAX_NAME_CHARS - ' copy'.length; room > 0; room -= 1) {
+        const base = [...String(name ?? '').trim()].slice(0, room).join('').trimEnd();
+        const candidate = freeName(INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.copyName(base), entries);
+        if (characters(candidate) <= MAX_NAME_CHARS) return candidate;
+    }
+    return freeName(INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.copyName(BUILTIN_NAME), entries);
+}
+
+/** A new entry id: 12 lowercase hex characters from `random` (crypto.getRandomValues), never one already used. */
+export function newId(entries, random = bytes => globalThis.crypto.getRandomValues(bytes)) {
+    const used = new Set(entries.map(entry => entry.id));
+    for (;;) {
+        const id = [...random(new Uint8Array(6))].map(byte => byte.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')).join('');
+        if (!used.has(id)) return id;
+    }
+}
+
+/** The editor's note for a saved entry's name and text (the mock's short sentences), or ''. */
+export function entryNote(entry, entries) {
+    const name = String(entry.name ?? '').trim();
+    if (!name) return 'Needs a name.';
+    if (characters(name) > MAX_NAME_CHARS) return `The name must be at most ${MAX_NAME_CHARS} characters.`;
+    if (/[\u0000-\u001f\u007f-\u009f\u2028\u2029]/u.test(name)) return 'The name must not contain a line break.';
+    if (fold(name) === fold(BUILTIN_NAME)) return 'The name “Built-in” is reserved.';
+    if (entries.some(other => other !== entry && other.id !== BUILTIN_ID && fold(other.name) === fold(name))) {
+        return `The name “${name}” is already used.`;
+    }
+    if (!String(entry.text ?? '').trim()) return 'The text must not be empty.';
+    if (characters(entry.text) > MAX_TEXT_CHARS) return `The text must be at most ${MAX_TEXT_CHARS.toLocaleString('en-US')} characters.`;
+    return '';
+}
+
+/**
+ * The server's sentence for the first saved entry it would refuse (Built-in is not counted), else null. The Save row
+ * shows the server's own refusal; this one holds back Preview tagging review and the batch Review.
+ */
+export function listProblem(values) {
+    const entries = savedEntries(values);
+    for (const [index, entry] of entries.entries()) {
+        // As the server checks them: a repeated name is the later entry's problem.
+        const note = entryNote(entry, entries.slice(0, index + 1));
+        if (!note) continue;
+        const n = index + 1;
+        if (note.startsWith('Needs')) return `Saved instructions: entry ${n} needs a name.`;
+        if (note.includes('reserved')) return 'Saved instructions: the name “Built-in” is reserved.';
+        if (note.includes('already used')) return `Saved instructions: entry ${n} name “${String(entry.name).trim()}” is already used.`;
+        if (note.includes('line break')) return `Saved instructions: entry ${n} name must not contain a line break.`;
+        if (note.startsWith('The name')) return `Saved instructions: entry ${n} name must be at most ${MAX_NAME_CHARS} characters.`;
+        if (note.includes('empty')) return `Saved instructions: entry ${n} text must be non-empty text.`;
+        return `Saved instructions: entry ${n} text must be at most ${MAX_TEXT_CHARS} characters.`;
+    }
+    return null;
+}
+
+function el(tag, text, className) {
+    const node = document.createElement(tag);
+    if (text !== undefined) node.textContent = text;
+    if (className) node.className = className;
+    return node;
+}
+
+/** A `.field` with a label row (text and a muted count) and its control. */
+function field(id, label, control) {
+    const wrap = el('div', undefined, 'field');
+    const caption = el('label');
+    caption.htmlFor = id;
+    const count = el('span', '', 'small muted');
+    caption.append(el('span', label), count);
+    control.id = id;
+    wrap.append(caption, control);
+    return { wrap, count };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Build the block and the two default rows; `drafts` is the System draft store. Returns `{nodes, repaint}`: System
+ * appends `nodes` in order and calls `repaint` whenever the drafts change.
+ */
+export function savedInstructionsBlock({ scope, drafts, random }) {
+    const block = el('div', undefined, 'setting-block');
+    block.dataset.setting = 'tag-instructions';
+    block.dataset.key = INSTRUCTIONS_KEY;
+    const text = el('div', undefined, 'setting-block-text');
+    const label = el('label', INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.label);
+    label.id = 'instructions-label';
+    const description = el('p', `${INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.description} `);
+    const count = el('span', '');
+    count.id = 'instructions-count';
+    description.append(count);
+    text.append(label, description);
+
+    const layout = el('div', undefined, 'instructions-layout');
+    const side = el('div', undefined, 'instructions-side');
+    const list = el('div', undefined, 'instruction-list');
+    list.id = 'instruction-list';
+    list.setAttribute('role', 'listbox');
+    list.setAttribute('aria-labelledby', 'instructions-label');
+    list.tabIndex = 0;
+    const actions = el('div', undefined, 'row-actions instruction-actions');
+    const create = createButton(INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.newLabel);
+    create.id = 'instruction-new';
+    const duplicate = createButton(INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.duplicate);
+    duplicate.id = 'instruction-duplicate';
+    const remove = createButton(INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.delete, 'danger');
+    remove.id = 'instruction-delete';
+    actions.append(create, duplicate, remove);
+    const cap = el('p', INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.cap, 'small');
+    cap.id = 'instruction-cap';
+    cap.hidden = true;
+    side.append(list, actions, cap);
+
+    const editor = el('div', undefined, 'instruction-editor');
+    const nameInput = el('input');
+    nameInput.autocomplete = 'off';
+    const name = field('instruction-name', INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.name, nameInput);
+    const textArea = el('textarea');
+    textArea.rows = 7;
+    const body = field('instruction-text', INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.text, textArea);
+    const note = el('p', '', 'small');
+    note.id = 'instruction-note';
+    note.setAttribute('role', 'status');
+    editor.append(name.wrap, body.wrap, note);
+    layout.append(side, editor);
+    block.append(text, layout);
+
+    const selects = ENGINES.map(([engine, , long]) => {
+        const row = settingRow({ id: `instruction-default-${engine}`, label: INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.defaultRow(long),
+            description: INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.defaultDescription, control: { type: 'select', options: [[BUILTIN_ID, BUILTIN_NAME]] } });
+        const select = row.children[1];
+        select.dataset.key = DEFAULTS_KEY;
+        return { engine, select, row };
+    });
+    const reset = el('p', '', 'small instruction-reset');
+    reset.id = 'instruction-reset';
+    reset.setAttribute('role', 'status');
+
+    let selectedId = BUILTIN_ID;
+    const values = () => ({ [INSTRUCTIONS_KEY]: drafts.get('host', INSTRUCTIONS_KEY),
+        [DEFAULTS_KEY]: drafts.get('host', DEFAULTS_KEY), [BUILTIN_TEXT_KEY]: drafts.get('host', BUILTIN_TEXT_KEY) });
+    const ready = () => Array.isArray(drafts.get('host', INSTRUCTIONS_KEY)) && drafts.get('host', DEFAULTS_KEY) !== undefined;
+    const defaults = () => ({ ...(drafts.get('host', DEFAULTS_KEY) ?? {}) });
+    const setEntries = next => drafts.set('host', INSTRUCTIONS_KEY, next);
+    const selected = () => allEntries(values()).find(entry => entry.id === selectedId) ?? allEntries(values())[0];
+
+    /** Replace the selected saved entry's `key` with `value` (a new list of new objects). */
+    function edit(key, value) {
+        if (selectedId === BUILTIN_ID) return;
+        setEntries(savedEntries(values()).map(entry => (entry.id === selectedId ? { ...entry, [key]: value } : entry)));
+    }
+
+    function add(entry) {
+        const entries = savedEntries(values());
+        if (!ready() || entries.length >= MAX_SAVED) return;
+        selectedId = entry.id;
+        reset.textContent = '';
+        setEntries([...entries, entry]);
+    }
+
+    function deleteSelected() {
+        const entries = savedEntries(values());
+        const index = entries.findIndex(entry => entry.id === selectedId);
+        if (index < 0) return;
+        const gone = entries[index];
+        const next = defaults();
+        const shorts = [];
+        for (const [engine, short] of ENGINES) {
+            if (next[engine] === gone.id) { next[engine] = BUILTIN_ID; shorts.push(short); }
+        }
+        const left = entries.filter(entry => entry.id !== gone.id);
+        selectedId = (left[index] ?? left[index - 1])?.id ?? BUILTIN_ID;
+        reset.textContent = shorts.length ? INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.reset(shorts) : '';
+        if (shorts.length) drafts.set('host', DEFAULTS_KEY, next);
+        setEntries(left);
+    }
+
+    function select(id) {
+        selectedId = id;
+        repaint();
+    }
+
+    function renderList(entries, chosen) {
+        list.replaceChildren(...entries.map(entry => {
+            const option = el('div');
+            option.id = `instruction-option-${entry.id}`;
+            option.dataset.id = entry.id;
+            option.setAttribute('role', 'option');
+            option.setAttribute('aria-selected', String(entry.id === selectedId));
+            option.append(el('span', entry.name));
+            const badges = el('span', undefined, 'badges');
+            if (entry.id === BUILTIN_ID) badges.append(el('span', INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.readOnly, 'chip'));
+            for (const [engine, short] of ENGINES) {
+                if (chosen[engine] === entry.id) badges.append(el('span', INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.defaultFor(short), 'chip blue'));
+            }
+            if (badges.children.length) option.append(badges);
+            return option;
+        }));
+        list.setAttribute('aria-activedescendant', `instruction-option-${selectedId}`);
+    }
+
+    function repaint() {
+        // The note a deleted default left goes once the defaults are saved (or set back).
+        if (!Object.hasOwn(drafts.changes('host'), DEFAULTS_KEY)) reset.textContent = '';
+        const loaded = ready();
+        for (const control of [create, duplicate, remove, nameInput, textArea, ...selects.map(item => item.select)]) {
+            control.disabled = !loaded;
+        }
+        if (!loaded) return;
+        const current = values();
+        const entries = allEntries(current);
+        if (!entries.some(entry => entry.id === selectedId)) selectedId = BUILTIN_ID;
+        const chosen = defaults();
+        const saved = savedEntries(current);
+        renderList(entries, chosen);
+        const entry = selected();
+        const builtin = entry.id === BUILTIN_ID;
+        // A focused field keeps what the user is typing.
+        if (document.activeElement !== nameInput) nameInput.value = entry.name;
+        if (document.activeElement !== textArea) textArea.value = entry.text;
+        nameInput.readOnly = textArea.readOnly = builtin;
+        name.count.textContent = builtin ? '' : INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.nameCount(characters(entry.name));
+        body.count.textContent = INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.textCount(characters(entry.text));
+        const problem = builtin ? '' : entryNote(entry, entries);
+        note.textContent = builtin ? INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.builtinNote : problem;
+        note.className = problem ? 'small skip-problem' : 'small';
+        const full = saved.length >= MAX_SAVED;
+        create.disabled = duplicate.disabled = full;
+        remove.disabled = builtin;
+        cap.hidden = !full;
+        count.textContent = INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.count(saved.length);
+        for (const { engine, select: menu } of selects) {
+            menu.replaceChildren(...entries.map(item => {
+                const option = el('option', item.name);
+                option.value = item.id;
+                return option;
+            }));
+            menu.value = chosen[engine] ?? BUILTIN_ID;
+        }
+    }
+
+    scope.listen(create, 'click', () => {
+        const entries = allEntries(values());
+        add({ id: newId(entries, random), name: freeName(INSTRUCTIONS_COPY.newName, entries), text: '' });
+        textArea.focus?.();
+    });
+    scope.listen(duplicate, 'click', () => {
+        const entries = allEntries(values());
+        const source = selected();
+        add({ id: newId(entries, random), name: copyName(source.name, entries), text: source.text });
+    });
+    scope.listen(remove, 'click', deleteSelected);
+    // One listener for every option, however often the list is rebuilt.
+    scope.listen(list, 'click', event => {
+        let node = event.target;
+        while (node && node !== list && node.getAttribute?.('role') !== 'option') node = node.parentNode;
+        if (node && node !== list) select(node.dataset.id);
+    });
+    scope.listen(nameInput, 'input', () => edit('name', nameInput.value));
+    scope.listen(textArea, 'input', () => edit('text', textArea.value));
+    scope.listen(list, 'keydown', event => {
+        const ids = allEntries(values()).map(entry => entry.id);
+        const at = ids.indexOf(selectedId);
+        const next = { ArrowDown: at + 1, ArrowUp: at - 1, Home: 0, End: ids.length - 1 }[event.key];
+        if (next === undefined) return;
+        event.preventDefault?.();
+        select(ids[Math.max(0, Math.min(ids.length - 1, next))]);
+    });
+    for (const { engine, select: menu } of selects) {
+        scope.listen(menu, 'change', () => {
+            reset.textContent = '';
+            drafts.set('host', DEFAULTS_KEY, { ...defaults(), [engine]: menu.value });
+        });
+    }
+    return { nodes: [block, ...selects.map(item => item.row), reset], repaint };
+}

web/js/workspace/system-maintenance.mjs

@@ -2,10 +2,12 @@
  * System › Maintenance (#249 System S7 Task 19): the concept's `renderSystem` "maintenance" body (app.js 688–690).
  *
  * - The notice "Check first. Review changes. Then apply." with "Run health checks" (D123), then the surfaces
- *   "Database" and "Images & cache" with the concept's eight operations, in its order, labels and danger marks.
+ *   "Database" and "Images & cache" with the concept's eight operations, in its order, labels and danger marks, plus
+ *   D192 (#550, beyond the concept): "Pair category and tags" after "Unused prompt components".
  * - Integrity & relationship checks → Check runs the same read-only health check and opens the Health report (D95);
  *   its "Review missing links" reviews a fresh Missing-file links plan, never a cleanup.
- * - Duplicate prompt text, Optimize database, Unused prompt components and Missing-file links → Review plan open the
+ * - Duplicate prompt text, Optimize database, Unused prompt components, Pair category and tags (`pair_metadata`: fill
+ *   old Pair prompts' empty category and tags from their saved pairs) and Missing-file links → Review plan open the
  *   D100 plan review (maintenance-review.mjs), which applies only what it showed, as an Activity job.
  * - Duplicate image files → Find duplicates starts the duplicate search as an Activity job and opens it; its view
  *   offers Review groups (D101) once it found some.
@@ -39,6 +41,9 @@ export const MAINTENANCE_SURFACES = Object.freeze([
         ['Optimize database', 'Reclaim unused SQLite space. This does not delete prompts or media.', 'Review plan', 'optimize'],
         ['Unused prompt components', 'Preview unreferenced components. Pair references and history remain protected.', 'Review plan',
             'unused_components', true],
+        // D192 (#550): beyond the concept. Fills only empty fields, deletes nothing (no danger mark).
+        ['Pair category and tags', 'Fill an empty category or tags on prompts older Pair node runs saved, from their saved ' +
+            'pairs. Only empty fields of never-edited prompts.', 'Review plan', 'pair_metadata'],
     ]],
     ['Images & cache', [
         ['Missing-file links', 'Remove stale database links only. Files on disk are never deleted by this operation.', 'Review plan',

web/js/workspace/system-skipped-tags.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+/**
+ * System › Auto-tagging "Skipped tags" (#431, D202): words whose suggested tags are never offered, on every suggestion
+ * path (the server filters; hand-typed and stored tags are never touched).
+ *
+ * A `.setting-block` after "Suggestions per image": the label and description, an "Add a word or words" input
+ * (`#tag-skipped-input`) with Add (Enter adds too), the entries as removable chips in the Tag image dialog's D83 chip
+ * markup, and a preview line (`role="status"`) that says how many known tags the list hides
+ * (`POST /prompt_manager/autotag/skipped-tags/preview`: the library's tags plus the downloaded WD14 label lists). The
+ * block carries `data-setting="tag-skipped"` and `data-key="autotag_skipped_tags"`, so a refused save highlights it.
+ * The list is the host draft `autotag_skipped_tags` (an array), saved by the one Save row. The client checks repeat the
+ * server's rules (the server is the authority): an empty, too long, comma or duplicate entry is not added and the line
+ * under the input says why; the list holds at most 200 entries.
+ */
+import { createButton } from '../shared/toolkit/core.js';
+
+export const SKIPPED_KEY = 'autotag_skipped_tags';
+export const PREVIEW_URL = '/prompt_manager/autotag/skipped-tags/preview';
+export const MAX_ENTRIES = 200;
+export const MAX_ENTRY_CHARS = 50;
+export const PREVIEW_DELAY_MS = 300;
+export const SAMPLE_LIMIT = 12;
+
+export const SKIPPED_COPY = Object.freeze({
+    label: 'Skipped tags',
+    description: 'Suggested tags that contain one of these words are hidden. Words are separated by spaces, _ or -; '
+        + 'other characters such as ( ) belong to the word.',
+    placeholder: 'Add a word or words',
+    add: 'Add',
+    chips: 'Skipped tags',
+    empty: 'Enter a word.',
+    comma: 'No commas or line breaks.',
+    long: `At most ${MAX_ENTRY_CHARS} characters.`,
+    duplicate: 'Already in the list.',
+    full: `The list is full (${MAX_ENTRIES}).`,
+    none: 'No tags are skipped.',
+    checking: 'Checking…',
+    failed: 'The preview could not be read.',
+    unchanged: 'Tags already on images are not changed.',
+    libraryOnly: 'Checked against library tags only; no WD14 label list is downloaded.',
+    hidesNothing: 'Hides no known tag',
+});
+
+const plural = (count, word) => `${count.toLocaleString('en-US')} ${word}${count === 1 ? '' : 's'}`;
+
+/** The words of an entry or a tag as the server splits them: NFC, lower case, split on space, `_` and `-`. */
+export const entryWords = text => String(text ?? '').normalize('NFC').toLowerCase().split(/[ _-]+/).filter(Boolean);
+const entryKey = text => entryWords(text).join(' ');
+
+/** Why `raw` cannot be added to `entries` (the line under the input), or '' when it can. */
+export function entryProblem(raw, entries) {
+    const entry = String(raw ?? '').trim();
+    if (!entryWords(entry).length) return SKIPPED_COPY.empty;
+    // Commas and control characters (a pasted line break), as the server refuses them.
+    if (/[,\u0000-\u001f\u007f-\u009f\u2028\u2029]/u.test(entry)) return SKIPPED_COPY.comma;
+    if ([...entry].length > MAX_ENTRY_CHARS) return SKIPPED_COPY.long;
+    const key = entryKey(entry);
+    if (entries.some(item => entryKey(item) === key)) return SKIPPED_COPY.duplicate;
+    if (entries.length >= MAX_ENTRIES) return SKIPPED_COPY.full;
+    return '';
+}
+
+/** A chip's title and count text for an entry the last preview counted (`count` undefined: not counted yet). */
+export function chipCount(count) {
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(count)) return null;
+    return count ? { title: `Hides ${plural(count, 'tag')}`, text: count.toLocaleString('en-US') }
+        : { title: SKIPPED_COPY.hidesNothing, text: 'none' };
+}
+
+/**
+ * The preview line for a preview answer (`{count, sample, sources}`): the bold lead "Hides N tags from suggestions",
+ * then the sample (": a, b and K more. ") and the closing sentences. Returns `{lead, rest}`.
+ */
+export function previewText(result) {
+    const count = Number.isSafeInteger(result?.count) && result.count > 0 ? result.count : 0;
+    const sample = Array.isArray(result?.sample) ? result.sample.filter(name => typeof name === 'string') : [];
+    const more = count - sample.length;
+    const listed = count && sample.length ? `: ${sample.join(', ')}${more > 0 ? ` and ${more.toLocaleString('en-US')} more` : ''}. ` : '. ';
+    const labels = Array.isArray(result?.sources?.wd14) && result.sources.wd14.length > 0;
+    return {
+        lead: `Hides ${plural(count, 'tag')} from suggestions`,
+        rest: `${listed}${labels ? '' : `${SKIPPED_COPY.libraryOnly} `}${SKIPPED_COPY.unchanged}`,
+    };
+}
+
+function el(tag, text, className) {
+    const node = document.createElement(tag);
+    if (text !== undefined) node.textContent = text;
+    if (className) node.className = className;
+    return node;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Build the block; `drafts` is the System draft store, `api` the workspace client. Returns `{node, repaint}`: System
+ * calls `repaint` whenever the drafts change (the chips follow the drafted list, and a changed list is previewed
+ * `PREVIEW_DELAY_MS` after the last change, one request at a time: a newer list aborts the older request).
+ */
+export function skippedTagsBlock({ api, scope, drafts, delay = PREVIEW_DELAY_MS }) {
+    const block = el('div', undefined, 'setting-block');
+    block.dataset.setting = 'tag-skipped';
+    block.dataset.key = SKIPPED_KEY;
+    const text = el('div', undefined, 'setting-block-text');
+    const label = el('label', SKIPPED_COPY.label);
+    label.htmlFor = 'tag-skipped-input';
+    text.append(label, el('p', SKIPPED_COPY.description));
+    const addRow = el('div', undefined, 'skip-add');
+    const input = el('input');
+    input.id = 'tag-skipped-input';
+    input.autocomplete = 'off';
+    input.placeholder = SKIPPED_COPY.placeholder;
+    input.setAttribute('aria-describedby', 'tag-skipped-problem');
+    const add = createButton(SKIPPED_COPY.add);
+    add.id = 'tag-skipped-add';
+    addRow.append(input, add);
+    const problem = el('p', '', 'small skip-problem');
+    problem.id = 'tag-skipped-problem';
+    problem.setAttribute('role', 'alert');
+    const chips = el('div', undefined, 'tags skip-chips');
+    chips.setAttribute('role', 'group');
+    chips.setAttribute('aria-label', SKIPPED_COPY.chips);
+    const preview = el('p', '', 'small skip-preview');
+    preview.setAttribute('role', 'status');
+    preview.setAttribute('aria-live', 'polite');
+    block.append(text, addRow, problem, chips, preview);
+
+    const entries = () => {
+        const value = drafts.get('host', SKIPPED_KEY);
+        return Array.isArray(value) ? value : null;
+    };
+    let counts = new Map();
+    let shown = null; // the list the chips show (JSON)
+    let pending = null; // the list the preview line is (or is being) made for (JSON)
+    let timer = null;
+    let request = null;
+    scope.cleanup(() => { clearTimeout(timer); request?.abort(); });
+
+    const say = message => {
+        problem.textContent = message;
+        if (message) input.setAttribute('aria-invalid', 'true');
+        else input.removeAttribute('aria-invalid');
+    };
+    const setList = next => drafts.set('host', SKIPPED_KEY, next);
+
+    function addEntry() {
+        const list = entries();
+        if (!list) return;
+        const message = entryProblem(input.value, list);
+        say(message);
+        if (message) return;
+        const entry = input.value.trim();
+        input.value = '';
+        setList([...list, entry]);
+    }
+
+    function removeEntry(index) {
+        const list = entries();
+        if (!list) return;
+        const buttons = [...chips.querySelectorAll?.('button') ?? []];
+        const focused = buttons.indexOf(document.activeElement);
+        setList(list.filter((_entry, at) => at !== index));
+        // The removed chip's focus moves to its neighbour's ×, else to the input.
+        if (focused >= 0) {
+            const left = [...chips.querySelectorAll?.('button') ?? []];
+            (left[Math.min(focused, left.length - 1)] ?? input).focus?.();
+        }
+    }
+
+    function renderChips(list) {
+        chips.replaceChildren(...list.map((entry, index) => {
+            const count = chipCount(counts.get(entry));
+            const chip = el('span', undefined, `chip tag-suggestion${count?.text === 'none' ? ' none' : ''}`);
+            if (count) chip.title = count.title;
+            chip.append(el('span', entry));
+            if (count) chip.append(el('span', count.text, 'tag-confidence'));
+            const remove = createButton('×');
+            remove.setAttribute('aria-label', `Remove ${entry}`);
+            scope.listen(remove, 'click', () => removeEntry(index));
+            chip.append(remove);
+            return chip;
+        }));
+    }
+
+    function showPreview(result) {
+        const { lead, rest } = previewText(result);
+        preview.replaceChildren(el('b', lead), rest);
+    }
+
+    async function runPreview(list) {
+        request?.abort();
+        const controller = new AbortController();
+        request = controller;
+        try {
+            const result = await api.post(PREVIEW_URL, { entries: list }, { signal: controller.signal });
+            if (controller.signal.aborted || scope.signal.aborted) return;
+            counts = new Map((Array.isArray(result?.per_entry) ? result.per_entry : [])
+                .filter(row => typeof row?.entry === 'string').map(row => [row.entry, row.count]));
+            showPreview(result);
+            renderChips(entries() ?? list);
+        } catch {
+            if (controller.signal.aborted || scope.signal.aborted) return;
+            preview.textContent = SKIPPED_COPY.failed;
+        } finally {
+            if (request === controller) request = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    function schedule(list) {
+        clearTimeout(timer);
+        request?.abort();
+        request = null;
+        if (!list.length) {
+            counts = new Map();
+            preview.textContent = SKIPPED_COPY.none;
+            return;
+        }
+        preview.textContent = SKIPPED_COPY.checking;
+        timer = setTimeout(() => runPreview(list), delay);
+    }
+
+    function repaint() {
+        const list = entries();
+        input.disabled = add.disabled = list === null;
+        if (list === null) return;
+        const full = list.length >= MAX_ENTRIES;
+        add.disabled = full;
+        if (full && !problem.textContent) say(SKIPPED_COPY.full);
+        if (!full && problem.textContent === SKIPPED_COPY.full) say('');
+        const key = JSON.stringify(list);
+        if (key !== shown) {
+            shown = key;
+            renderChips(list);
+        }
+        if (key !== pending) {
+            pending = key;
+            schedule(list);
+        }
+    }
+
+    scope.listen(add, 'click', addEntry);
+    scope.listen(input, 'keydown', event => {
+        if (event.key !== 'Enter') return;
+        event.preventDefault?.();
+        addEntry();
+    });
+    scope.listen(input, 'input', () => { if (problem.textContent !== SKIPPED_COPY.full) say(''); });
+    return { node: block, repaint };
+}

web/js/workspace/system-state.mjs

@@ -76,6 +76,22 @@ export function statusText(outcome) {
     return saved.join(' ') || SETTINGS_STATUS.clean;
 }
 
+const plain = value => value !== null && typeof value === 'object'
+    && (Array.isArray(value) || Object.getPrototypeOf(value) === Object.prototype);
+/** JSON with every object's keys sorted, so key order never makes two values differ. */
+const canonical = value => JSON.stringify(value, (key, item) => (item && typeof item === 'object' && !Array.isArray(item)
+    ? Object.fromEntries(Object.keys(item).sort().map(name => [name, item[name]])) : item));
+
+/**
+ * #431: whether a draft equals a saved value: `Object.is`, or both are arrays or plain objects with the same JSON (keys
+ * sorted). A list setting (Skipped tags) whose added entry was removed again is clean, not a new array that differs.
+ */
+export function sameDraft(a, b) {
+    if (Object.is(a, b)) return true;
+    if (!plain(a) || !plain(b) || Array.isArray(a) !== Array.isArray(b)) return false;
+    return canonical(a) === canonical(b);
+}
+
 function requireDomain(domain) {
     if (!DRAFT_DOMAINS.includes(domain)) throw new TypeError(`Unknown settings domain: ${domain}`);
 }
@@ -112,7 +128,7 @@ export function createSystemDrafts(adapters) {
             values = await (domain === 'browser' ? adapters.readBrowser() : adapters.readRuntime());
         }
         baseline[domain] = { ...(values ?? {}) };
-        for (const [key, value] of drafts[domain]) if (Object.is(baseline[domain][key], value)) drafts[domain].delete(key);
+        for (const [key, value] of drafts[domain]) if (sameDraft(baseline[domain][key], value)) drafts[domain].delete(key);
         notify();
         return { ...baseline[domain] };
     }
@@ -124,7 +140,7 @@ export function createSystemDrafts(adapters) {
 
     function set(domain, key, value) {
         requireDomain(domain);
-        if (Object.is(baseline[domain][key], value)) drafts[domain].delete(key);
+        if (sameDraft(baseline[domain][key], value)) drafts[domain].delete(key);
         else drafts[domain].set(key, value);
         failedKeys[domain].delete(key);
         outcome = null;
@@ -153,7 +169,7 @@ export function createSystemDrafts(adapters) {
     function commit(domain, written) {
         for (const [key, value] of written) {
             baseline[domain][key] = value;
-            if (drafts[domain].has(key) && Object.is(drafts[domain].get(key), value)) drafts[domain].delete(key);
+            if (drafts[domain].has(key) && sameDraft(drafts[domain].get(key), value)) drafts[domain].delete(key);
         }
     }
 

web/js/workspace/system-tagging.mjs

@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@
  * - "Existing tags", "General-tag confidence", "Character-tag confidence": the concept's labels and descriptions
  *   verbatim (they state the shipped defaults); host keys `autotag_existing`, `autotag_general_threshold`,
  *   `autotag_character_threshold`. D133 adds "Suggestions per image" (`autotag_suggestion_limit`, 1–100) after them.
- * - The `.field` "LLM tag template" (`#tag-template`, `autotag_template`).
+ * - D202 (#431): the "Skipped tags" block after it (system-skipped-tags.mjs, host key `autotag_skipped_tags`).
+ * - D203 (#431): "Saved instructions" and the two per-engine default rows (system-instructions.mjs, host keys
+ *   `autotag_instructions` and `autotag_default_instructions`) replace the concept's "LLM tag template" field.
  * - `.row-actions`: "Preview tagging review" (`ca-primary`) opens the Tag image dialog for the image selected in Images
  *   with the section's current model and values, aria-disabled without one (the D115 sentence) or with an invalid
  *   value (the toast names it). D132: the concept's two simulated job buttons are "Download" (or
@@ -35,6 +37,9 @@ import { selectedImage } from './images.mjs';
 import { NO_SELECTION } from './vocabulary.mjs';
 import { showWorkspaceToast } from './toast.mjs';
 import { navigateTo } from './state.mjs';
+import { skippedTagsBlock } from './system-skipped-tags.mjs';
+import { BUILTIN_TEXT_KEY, DEFAULTS_KEY, INSTRUCTIONS_KEY, defaultEntry, listProblem, savedInstructionsBlock }
+    from './system-instructions.mjs';
 
 export const MODELS_URL = '/prompt_manager/autotag/models';
 export const UNLOAD_URL = '/prompt_manager/autotag/unload';
@@ -68,10 +73,10 @@ export const SETTING_KEYS = Object.freeze({
     'threshold-general': 'autotag_general_threshold',
     'threshold-character': 'autotag_character_threshold',
     'tag-suggestions': 'autotag_suggestion_limit',
-    'tag-template': 'autotag_template',
 });
+/** #431: the values the instruction readers take besides the rows' (D203, D205). */
+const INSTRUCTION_VALUES = Object.freeze([INSTRUCTIONS_KEY, DEFAULTS_KEY, BUILTIN_TEXT_KEY]);
 const NUMERIC = new Set(['autotag_general_threshold', 'autotag_character_threshold', 'autotag_suggestion_limit']);
-const MAX_TEMPLATE_CHARS = 4000;
 
 export const STATUS_COPY = Object.freeze({
     loading: 'Loading model status…',
@@ -91,9 +96,6 @@ export const SETTING_PROBLEMS = Object.freeze({
     autotag_general_threshold_step: 'General-tag confidence must be a multiple of 0.05.',
     autotag_character_threshold_step: 'Character-tag confidence must be a multiple of 0.05.',
     autotag_suggestion_limit: 'Suggestions per image must be a whole number from 1 to 100.',
-    // The server's two template sentences (`validate_template`), blank first.
-    autotag_template: 'LLM tag template must be non-empty text.',
-    autotag_template_length: `LLM tag template must be at most ${MAX_TEMPLATE_CHARS} characters.`,
 });
 /** Characters as Python's `len` counts them (code points), not UTF-16 units. */
 export const characters = text => [...String(text ?? '')].length;
@@ -191,20 +193,23 @@ const onStep = value => Math.abs(value * 20 - Math.round(value * 20)) <= 1e-12;
 // A threshold on the grid, handed on exactly as the server stores it (anything else is left for draftProblem to refuse).
 const snapped = value => (unit(value) && onStep(value) ? Math.round(value * 20) / 20 : value);
 
+/** #431 (D205): the drafted default instructions of the drafted language-model engine. */
+export const engineInstructions = values => defaultEntry(values, values.autotag_model_type === 'hf' ? 'hf' : 'gguf');
+
 /**
  * The first setting the chosen model would use that the section cannot send, as `{key, message}`, else null: WD14
- * reads both thresholds (0 to 1 in steps of 0.05, #369), the language models the template; Generate also reads the
- * suggestion count (`limit`).
+ * reads both thresholds (0 to 1 in steps of 0.05, #369), the language models the saved instructions (#431: the server's
+ * sentence for the first entry it would refuse); Generate also reads the suggestion count (`limit`).
  */
 export function draftProblem(values, { limit = true } = {}) {
     const model = values.autotag_model_type;
-    const keys = CLASSIFIERS.has(model) ? ['autotag_general_threshold', 'autotag_character_threshold'] : ['autotag_template'];
+    const keys = CLASSIFIERS.has(model) ? ['autotag_general_threshold', 'autotag_character_threshold'] : [INSTRUCTIONS_KEY];
     if (limit) keys.push('autotag_suggestion_limit');
     for (const key of keys) {
         const value = values[key];
-        if (key === 'autotag_template') {
-            if (typeof value !== 'string' || value.trim() === '') return { key, message: SETTING_PROBLEMS.autotag_template };
-            if (characters(value) > MAX_TEMPLATE_CHARS) return { key, message: SETTING_PROBLEMS.autotag_template_length };
+        if (key === INSTRUCTIONS_KEY) {
+            const message = listProblem(values);
+            if (message) return { key, message };
             continue;
         }
         const valid = key === 'autotag_suggestion_limit' ? Number.isInteger(value) && value >= 1 && value <= 100 : unit(value);
@@ -220,7 +225,7 @@ export function taggingPreset(values) {
     const options = CLASSIFIERS.has(model)
         ? { general_threshold: snapped(values.autotag_general_threshold),
             character_threshold: snapped(values.autotag_character_threshold) }
-        : { instructions: values.autotag_template };
+        : { instructions: engineInstructions(values).text };
     return { model, options: { ...options, suggestion_limit: values.autotag_suggestion_limit } };
 }
 
@@ -230,7 +235,7 @@ export function batchBody(values) {
     const options = CLASSIFIERS.has(model)
         ? { general_threshold: snapped(values.autotag_general_threshold),
             character_threshold: snapped(values.autotag_character_threshold) }
-        : { instructions: values.autotag_template };
+        : { instructions: engineInstructions(values).text };
     return { model_type: model, existing: values.autotag_existing, options };
 }
 
@@ -285,14 +290,20 @@ export function timeText(plan) {
     return durationText(Math.ceil(seconds / 60)) + (plan.estimate_device === 'gpu' ? TIME_ON_GPU : TIME_ON_CPU);
 }
 
-/** D134: the review's rows from the server's preview and the drafts it was made with (image counts, #379). */
+/**
+ * D134: the review's rows from the server's preview and the drafts it was made with (image counts, #379). D205 (#431):
+ * a language-model engine shows its default instructions by name in an "Instructions" row, and Settings reads "Up to L
+ * tags per image".
+ */
 export function batchGrid(plan, values) {
     const id = plan.model?.type ?? values.autotag_model_type;
-    let settings = CLASSIFIERS.has(id)
-        ? `General ${values.autotag_general_threshold} · Character ${values.autotag_character_threshold}`
-        : `Template of ${number(characters(values.autotag_template))} characters`;
+    const classifier = CLASSIFIERS.has(id);
     // The saved count the run uses (the preview's), not an unsaved draft.
-    if (Number.isSafeInteger(plan.suggestion_limit)) settings += ` · up to ${number(plan.suggestion_limit)} tags per image`;
+    const limit = Number.isSafeInteger(plan.suggestion_limit) ? `up to ${number(plan.suggestion_limit)} tags per image` : '';
+    const settings = classifier
+        ? `General ${values.autotag_general_threshold} · Character ${values.autotag_character_threshold}${limit ? ` · ${limit}` : ''}`
+        : limit.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + limit.slice(1);
+    const instructions = classifier ? [] : [['Instructions', defaultEntry(values, id === 'hf' ? 'hf' : 'gguf').name]];
     return [
         ['Model', `${modelLabel(id, plan.model)} · ${modelSize(id, plan.model)}`],
         ['Existing tags', existingLabel(plan.existing ?? values.autotag_existing)],
@@ -300,6 +311,7 @@ export function batchGrid(plan, values) {
         ['Already auto-tagged', number(plan.already_tagged)],
         ['Images to tag', `about ${number(plan.to_tag)}`],
         ['Time', timeText(plan)],
+        ...instructions,
         ['Settings', settings],
         ['Backup', backupText(plan.backup)],
     ];
@@ -410,17 +422,13 @@ export function mountTagging(container, { api, activity, scope, drafts, notify =
     // D133: the persisted suggestion count, which the concept does not show.
     add(settingRow({ id: 'tag-suggestions', label: 'Suggestions per image', description: SUGGESTIONS_DESCRIPTION,
         control: { type: 'number', min: 1, max: 100, step: 1 } }), 'tag-suggestions');
+    // D202 (#431): the words whose suggested tags are hidden on every suggestion path.
+    const skipped = skippedTagsBlock({ api, scope, drafts });
+    surface.append(skipped.node);
 
-    const field = el('div', undefined, 'field');
-    const templateLabel = el('label', 'LLM tag template');
-    templateLabel.htmlFor = 'tag-template';
-    const template = el('textarea');
-    template.id = 'tag-template';
-    template.dataset.setting = 'tag-template';
-    template.dataset.key = SETTING_KEYS['tag-template'];
-    field.append(templateLabel, template);
-    surface.append(field);
-    controls.push({ id: 'tag-template', key: SETTING_KEYS['tag-template'], input: template, text: null });
+    // D203 (#431): the saved instructions and each language-model engine's default replace the template field.
+    const instructions = savedInstructionsBlock({ scope, drafts });
+    surface.append(...instructions.nodes);
 
     for (const { key, input } of controls) {
         // Text controls draft while typing (the Save row follows at once); selects and numbers on change.
@@ -449,11 +457,14 @@ export function mountTagging(container, { api, activity, scope, drafts, notify =
     // The "could not be read" line under each row, while the server settings could not be read.
     const notes = new Map();
     const image = selected();
-    const current = () => Object.fromEntries(Object.values(SETTING_KEYS).map(key => [key, drafts.get('host', key)]));
+    const current = () => Object.fromEntries([...Object.values(SETTING_KEYS), ...INSTRUCTION_VALUES]
+        .map(key => [key, drafts.get('host', key)]));
     const chosen = () => drafts.get('host', 'autotag_model_type');
     const known = () => MODEL_IDS.includes(chosen());
 
     const repaint = () => {
+        skipped.repaint();
+        instructions.repaint();
         const values = current();
         const unread = values.autotag_model_type === undefined;
         const failed = drafts.hostState?.() === 'failed' && unread;

web/js/workspace/workspace.css

@@ -416,6 +416,9 @@ pre.prompt-text { font: inherit; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.75; margin-bloc
 .prompt-sender-preview { margin-block: 20px; min-inline-size: 0; /* D48 */ }
 .prompt-sender-field { border: 1px solid var(--ca-line); border-radius: 7px; padding: 14px; margin-block: 12px; min-inline-size: 0; /* D48 */ }
 .prompt-sender-field :where(pre, textarea), .prompt-sender-composition { white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: anywhere; font: inherit; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.65; max-inline-size: 100%; /* D48 */ }
+/* D191 (#542): each node of "All eligible nodes" reviews under its own heading. */
+.prompt-sender-node { border-block-start: 1px solid var(--ca-line); padding-block-start: 14px; margin-block: 18px; min-inline-size: 0; /* D191 */ }
+.prompt-sender-node > h4 { font-size: 15px; /* D191 */ }
 .prompt-sender-field textarea { inline-size: 100%; min-block-size: 100px; resize: vertical; /* D48 */ }
 .prompt-sender-composition { padding: 12px; background: var(--ca-field); border-radius: 6px; /* D48 */ }
 .prompt-sender-actions { justify-content: flex-end; margin-block-start: 18px; /* D48 */ }
@@ -443,12 +446,12 @@ pre.prompt-text { font: inherit; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.75; margin-bloc
    suggestions are removable chips, each the concept's `.chip` corner (4px; the later `.tag-suggestion` row rule would
    give 5px) around the row's 12px text in its checked suggestion row's tokens (`.tag-suggestion:has(input:checked)`,
    s1655): a name, the confidence and a × button. */
-#tag-suggestions .chip.tag-suggestion { display: inline-flex; gap: 6px; padding: 2px 2px 2px 8px; margin-bottom: 0; cursor: default; color: inherit; border-color: var(--ca-accent); background: var(--soft-blue); border-radius: 4px; /* D83 */ }
-#tag-suggestions .chip.tag-suggestion .tag-confidence { margin-inline-start: 0; /* D83 */ }
-.ca-tools #tag-suggestions .chip.tag-suggestion > button { min-block-size: 24px; min-inline-size: 24px; padding: 0 6px; /* D83 */ }
+#tag-suggestions .chip.tag-suggestion, .skip-chips .chip.tag-suggestion { display: inline-flex; gap: 6px; padding: 2px 2px 2px 8px; margin-bottom: 0; cursor: default; color: inherit; border-color: var(--ca-accent); background: var(--soft-blue); border-radius: 4px; /* D83 */ }
+#tag-suggestions .chip.tag-suggestion .tag-confidence, .skip-chips .chip.tag-suggestion .tag-confidence { margin-inline-start: 0; /* D83 */ }
+.ca-tools #tag-suggestions .chip.tag-suggestion > button, .ca-tools .skip-chips .chip.tag-suggestion > button { min-block-size: 24px; min-inline-size: 24px; padding: 0 6px; /* D83 */ }
 @media (pointer: coarse) {
     /* D83: the chip's × keeps the concept's 40px coarse target. */
-    .ca-tools #tag-suggestions .chip.tag-suggestion > button { min-block-size: 40px; min-inline-size: 40px; }
+    .ca-tools #tag-suggestions .chip.tag-suggestion > button, .ca-tools .skip-chips .chip.tag-suggestion > button { min-block-size: 40px; min-inline-size: 40px; }
 }
 
 /* Needs review (#249 PR F): the concept's Metadata review page (app.js a749–760) in its own classes. */
@@ -492,15 +495,58 @@ pre.prompt-text { font: inherit; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.75; margin-bloc
 @media (max-width: 700px) {
   #workspace-main .setting-row :is(#send-destination, #renderer) { max-width: 160px !important; /* D106 */ }
 }
+/* D202 (#431): System › Auto-tagging "Skipped tags", a setting whose control (an add input, the chips and the preview
+   line) is wider than a `.setting-row` column: the row's label and description tokens over the full width, the chips
+   in the Tag image dialog's D83 chip markup (an entry that hides no known tag is muted). */
+.setting-block { padding: 17px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); /* D202 */ }
+.setting-block-text label { font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; display: block; /* D202 */ }
+.setting-block-text p { font-size: 11px; color: var(--ca-muted); margin-top: 4px; max-width: 640px; /* D202 */ }
+.setting-block[aria-invalid="true"] { box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 var(--red); padding-inline-start: 12px; /* D202 */ }
+.skip-add { display: flex; gap: 8px; margin-top: 12px; max-width: 460px; /* D202 */ }
+.skip-add input { flex: 1; min-width: 0; font-size: 12px; /* D202 */ }
+.skip-problem { color: var(--red); margin-top: 6px; /* D202 */ }
+.skip-problem:empty, .skip-chips:empty { display: none; /* D202 */ }
+.skip-chips .chip.tag-suggestion.none { border-color: var(--line); background: var(--ca-field); color: var(--ca-muted); /* D202 */ }
+.skip-preview { margin-top: 12px; max-width: 760px; /* D202 */ }
+.skip-preview b { font-weight: 500; color: var(--ca-text); /* D202 */ }
+@media (max-width: 700px) {
+    .skip-add { max-width: none; /* D202 */ }
+}
+
+/* D203 (#431): "Saved instructions": the list (Built-in first, its chips) beside the Name/Text editor, stacked under
+   it below 700px, and the note a deleted default leaves under the two default rows. */
+.instructions-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(200px, 260px) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 18px; margin-top: 12px; /* D203 */ }
+.instruction-list { border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 6px; background: var(--ca-field); max-height: 300px; overflow: auto; /* D203 */ }
+.instruction-list [role="option"] { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px; padding: 9px 12px; cursor: pointer; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 12px; /* D203 */ }
+.instruction-list [role="option"]:last-child { border-bottom: 0; /* D203 */ }
+.instruction-list [role="option"][aria-selected="true"] { background: var(--soft-blue); box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 var(--ca-accent); /* D203 */ }
+.instruction-list .badges { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 4px; /* D203 */ }
+.instruction-actions { margin-top: 10px; flex-wrap: wrap; /* D203 */ }
+.instruction-editor .field:first-child { margin-top: 0; /* D203 */ }
+.instruction-editor input[readonly], .instruction-editor textarea[readonly] { color: var(--ca-muted); /* D203 */ }
+.instruction-editor label { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 8px; /* D203 */ }
+.instruction-reset { color: var(--warning); margin: 0 0 14px; /* D203 */ }
+.instruction-reset:empty { display: none; /* D203 */ }
+@media (max-width: 700px) {
+    .instructions-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; /* D203 */ }
+}
+
+/* D204 (#431): the one-off edit's note under "Tagging instructions" in the Tag image and Auto-tag selected dialogs. */
+.tag-model-panel .instructions-edited { margin: -6px 0 12px; /* D204 */ }
+.tag-model-panel .instructions-edited[hidden] { display: none; /* D204 */ }
+
 /* D132: at phone width the concept's 120px cap cuts every engine label ("WD14 SwinV2 · ~400 MB"); the Tagging model
    select alone keeps its natural width there (its widest engine label) and, with no room beside the row text, wraps
    under it. Existing tags (#398) never shrinks for its row text and, past the cap, keeps its natural width beside the
    text ("Replace after review"), bounded by its row like the engine select. */
 .setting-row #tag-existing { flex-shrink: 0; /* D132 */ }
+/* D203: the default-instructions selects show their chosen name whole, as Existing tags does (#398). */
+.setting-row #instruction-default-gguf, .setting-row #instruction-default-hf { flex-shrink: 0; /* D203 */ }
 @media (max-width: 700px) {
   #workspace-main .setting-row:has(> #tag-model) { flex-wrap: wrap; /* D132 */ }
   #workspace-main .setting-row #tag-model { flex-shrink: 0; max-width: 100% !important; /* D132 */ }
   #workspace-main .setting-row #tag-existing { max-width: 100% !important; /* D132 */ }
+  #workspace-main .setting-row #instruction-default-gguf, #workspace-main .setting-row #instruction-default-hf { max-width: 100% !important; /* D203 */ }
 }
 
 /* D109: System › Diagnostics & logs' added Lines field sits in the concept's toolbar like its Level select, and a value